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1、Welcome to our classNon- finite Verbs in Writing非谓语动词在写作中的应用非谓语动词在写作中的应用11) It is a popular reality show (真人秀真人秀) in China.2) Five Star-dads take their young children on an overnight trip without the company of moms. 3) It has won high ratings (收视收视) since it was broadcast on Oct 11.Sharing & Guessi
2、ngDo you know what it is?2Watching this TV show, we had a lot of fun. How many actors are there in the show?Who are they?3爸爸爸爸: 郭涛郭涛儿子儿子: 郭子睿郭子睿 (石头石头)爸爸爸爸: 田亮田亮女儿女儿:田雨橙田雨橙 (Cindy)爸爸爸爸: 王岳伦王岳伦女儿女儿: 王诗龄王诗龄 (Angela)爸爸爸爸: 张亮张亮儿子儿子: 张悦轩张悦轩 (天天天天)爸爸爸爸: 林志颖林志颖儿子儿子: 小小志小小志(Kimi)4 REC Do you remember some u
3、nforgettable moments?5Task 1：Making sentences according to key wordsUse non-finite to describe these pictures(连词成句连词成句)正确运用分词作状语正确运用分词作状语61) Seeing Xiao Huang taken away, Kimi felt heartbroken. 1) Kimi, see Xiao Huang taken away, feel heart-broken72) Given more chances, children can perform better.2
4、) If they are given more chances children can perform better81) Being such a brave girl, Cindy is my favorite kid among them five.1) Cindy, is such a brave girl, is my favorite kid among them five. 2) Cindy, encourage, by her father, decide to slide on sand herself.2) Encouraged by her father, Cindy
5、 decided to slide on sand herself.91) Standing in front of the bed, Angela was having lunch. 1) Angela, stand in front of the bed, have lunch. 2) Angela, comfort, by her father, stop crying. 2) Comforted by her father, Angela stopped crying. 10 1) Tian Tian showed his love for his mother, sending he
6、r a flower. 2) Guided by his father, Tian Tian slided on sand. 1) Tian Tian, show his love for his mom, send her a flower2) Tian Tian, guide, by his father, slide on sand111) Shi Tou broke his arm, causing him to use only one hand. 2) Shi Tou hurried to the kitchen, only to find there is no water fo
7、r cooking. 1) Shi Tou, break his arm, cause him to use only one hand. 2) Shi Tou, hurry to the kitchen, find there is no water for cooking.12To build up a better relationship with their kids, five star-daddies decided to join the TV show.five star-daddies， build up a better relationship with their k
8、ids, decide to join the TV show13Yishang mingtian shang ke yong14Task 2：Sentence Pattern Transformation (句型转换句型转换)Use non-finite to describe these picturesOral Practice 掌握使用非谓语动词简化句子的用法掌握使用非谓语动词简化句子的用法15 When they had a birthday part for Kimi, kids are happy and excited. _, kids are happy and excite
9、d. Having a birthday part for Kimi16 As long as she saw a camel, Angela would touch it immediately . _, Angela would touch it immediately. Seeing a camel17Tian Tian was criticized by his father. So he looked unhappy. _, Tian Tian looked unhappy. Criticized by his father18Kimi held chopsticks and a p
10、late in the hands. He was running. _,Kimi was running. Holding chopsticks and a plate in the hands19 They got some food for dinner by catching fish in the lake. _, they got some food for dinner. Catching fish in the lake20Lin Zhiying broke the egg,_. Lin Zhiying broke the egg and made Cindy cry. mak
11、ing Cindy cry21_, Kimi asked Angela to help him take care of his sheep._, Kimi asked Angela to help him take care of his sheep. Kimi hoped to play with Cindy, so Kimi asked Angela to help him take care of his sheep.Hoping to play with CindyTo play with Cindy22Group work and Sharing:Share what you ha
12、ve learned with others, and try to make a summary.1) When can we use non-finite verbs?2) What kind of non-finite verbs can we use to make sentences?Simple：写作时，需要表示写作时，需要表示时间时间关系关系，可以用，可以用v-ing (主主动动)和和done (被动被动) 作时作时间状语。间状语。23Task 3：The use of non-finite in writing task非谓语动词在写作中的应用非谓语动词在写作中的应用分析题目，
13、写句子分析题目，写句子24Writing task: 爸爸去哪儿爸爸去哪儿（Dad，Where Are We Going)这个电视节目广受欢迎。这个节目走红有以下这个电视节目广受欢迎。这个节目走红有以下几个原因：几个原因：1. 因为五个孩子很可爱，所以招人因为五个孩子很可爱，所以招人喜爱。喜爱。2.为了让孩子成长、发展，节目组为他为了让孩子成长、发展，节目组为他们提供了许多探索的机会们提供了许多探索的机会 。3.通过沟通，父亲通过沟通，父亲和孩子们建立了亲密关系，值得大家学习。和孩子们建立了亲密关系，值得大家学习。4. 与唱歌类的选秀比赛相比，这种亲情类节目反与唱歌类的选秀比赛相比，这种亲情类
14、节目反而更受关注和喜爱。而更受关注和喜爱。写作要求：非谓语写作要求：非谓语doing，done，todo至少各一个。至少各一个。 25要点要点1. 因为五个孩子很可爱，所以他们招因为五个孩子很可爱，所以他们招人喜爱。人喜爱。_, the five kids are admired by many people. 要点要点 2.为了让孩子成长、发展，节目组为为了让孩子成长、发展，节目组为他们提供了许多探索的机会他们提供了许多探索的机会 。_, the show provided them many chances to explore.Being lovelyIn order to let th
15、e kids grow and develop26要点要点3. 父亲和孩子们通过沟通，建立了亲父亲和孩子们通过沟通，建立了亲密关系，值得大家学习。密关系，值得大家学习。 _, fathers and kids set up a close relationship. 要点要点4. 与唱歌类的选秀比赛相比，这种亲与唱歌类的选秀比赛相比，这种亲情类节目反而更受关注和喜爱。情类节目反而更受关注和喜爱。_like singing competitions, this kind of show about family is more popular. Communicating with each o
16、therCompared with other shows27Task 4：The use of non-finite in writing task非谓语动词在写作中的应用非谓语动词在写作中的应用分析题目，写文章分析题目，写文章28 Write a composition and share it with others. 写作内容：写作内容：高考临近，为了让自己放高考临近，为了让自己放松，我们班决定今天去春游。一大早我们松，我们班决定今天去春游。一大早我们就出发了，由一个有经验的爬山者带领着。就出发了，由一个有经验的爬山者带领着。我们说着笑着爬上山。当我们到达时，我我们说着笑着爬上山。当我
17、们到达时，我们就开始烧烤了。我们吃着大餐欣赏美景。们就开始烧烤了。我们吃着大餐欣赏美景。虽然累但是我们很开心。虽然累但是我们很开心。 写作要求：写作要求：根据以上内容，用根据以上内容，用5个句子个句子写一篇日记。题目、开头和结尾已经给出。写一篇日记。题目、开头和结尾已经给出。要根据实际情况多使用非谓语动词。要根据实际情况多使用非谓语动词。 29 Our Spring Outing National College Entrance Examination is coming. To relax ourselves, our class decided to have a spring outi
18、ng. We set off early in the morning, guided by an experienced climber. We climbed the mountain, talking and laughing . When we arrived, we began to barbecue. Having a big dinner, we enjoyed the beautiful view. We were tired but happy.One possible version30Homework: Write a composition after class an
19、d share it with others next time. (2008年广东省高考基础写作题年广东省高考基础写作题) 请根据以下中文提纲，编写射击项目的英语介绍：请根据以下中文提纲，编写射击项目的英语介绍：背景：射击最初只是生存工具，背景：射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。一项体育运动。1896：第一次成为奥运项目：第一次成为奥运项目1904：中：中断断1928：中断：中断1932：重回奥运会：重回奥运会1968：第一次允许妇：第一次允许妇女参加奥运射击比赛现状：稳步发展，女参加奥运射击比赛现状：稳步发展，1896奥运会只奥运会只有三项射击项目，现
20、今有有三项射击项目，现今有17项。项。 写作要求：写作要求： 1)使用使用5个句子（含至少一个非谓语动词）个句子（含至少一个非谓语动词） 2) 结构准确，内容完整，结构连贯。结构准确，内容完整，结构连贯。 31Practice makes perfect!32写作中复合句常见的错误写作中复合句常见的错误1.1.只有从句，没有主句只有从句，没有主句Thekeeperwhohadlivedinthelighttowerforalongtime,sohecouldkeepcalminthestorm.33Part2.Part2.写作中定语从句的主要作用：写作中定语从句的主要作用：1.增加词数Last
21、 Saturday I watched a concert.The concert was wonderful.Last Saturday I watched a concert which was wonderful.People can enjoy the moon while eating moon cakes, which are the special food for this festival. 2.可连接两个包含同一事物的句子，避免单词重复和句式单一3.补充细节，以丰富文章内容This is my uncle, a doctor.This is my uncle, who is
22、 a doctor. 34Fill in the blanks:去年暑假，我去乡村做志愿者。在那我看到了辛勤工作的农民和他们快乐的生活，给我留下了深刻的印象。Last summer vacation, I did voluntary work in the countryside _ I saw hard-working peasants and their happy life _made a deep impression on me.正如上面所提到的，定语从句用处很大。_, the Attributive Clause is of great use.wherethatAs is men
23、tioned aboveAs is known to all = As we all know众所周知众所周知As is often the case 就跟经常的情况一样就跟经常的情况一样As is reported 正如所报道的那样正如所报道的那样（As引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前中后，引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前中后，“正如正如”）35Part3.Part3.如何写出定语从句如何写出定语从句: :1.题干中出现两句涉及同一事物的简单句Solution:11找出这两个简单句中都出现了的同一个事物找出这两个简单句中都出现了的同一个事物22将其中一个简单句改成从句将其中一个简单句改成
24、从句, ,去修饰另外一个去修饰另外一个句子中那个相同的事物句子中那个相同的事物（注意关系词的选用）For example:在204班，我有45个朋友。其中有31个女孩和14个男孩。In Class 4，Grade 2，I have 45 friends.There are 30 girls and 15 boys.In Class 4，Grade 2，I have 45 friends, of whom there are 30 girls and 15 boys._36Practice:我最好的朋友是Mr.Cai。他出生于1996年12月1日。My best friend is Mr. Ca
25、i.He was born on December 1st,1996.My best friend is Mr. Cai who was born on December 1st,1996._37他也在黄岐高级中学上学。黄岐高级中学是一个美丽的地方。He also studies in Huangqi Senior High School.Huangqi Senior High School is a beautiful place.He also studies in Huangqi Senior High School which is a beautiful place. _38我们常常
26、一起跑步。我不会忘记这段日子。We always run together.I will never forget the days .I will never forget the days when we always run together._39 In Class 4，Grade 2，I have 45 friends, of whom there are 30 girls and 15 boys.My best friend is Mr. Cai who was born on December 1st,1996.He also studies in Huangqi Senior
27、High School which is a beautiful place. I will never forget the days when we always run together.Two Attributive Clauses are enough in one composition!Part4.思辨4041Part1.Part1.高考满分作文中的定语从句欣赏：高考满分作文中的定语从句欣赏：1.（20132013年全国高考新课标年全国高考新课标I I）Ive asked my uncle to bring you the Chinese painting youve asked
28、 for before. 你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个会议。You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting._我让叔叔带去你想要的那幅中国画。422.（20132013年广东高考）年广东高考）那些做普通简单工作的人也在推动着社会的发展。Those who do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society. 正如我们都知道的那样，
29、扫大街是最为困难的工作之一。As we all know, cleaning streets is one of the hardest work. _43当今，父母为他们的独生子女做所有的事情，这使得这些独生子女非常依赖于父母。Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on their parents badly. _A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excell
30、ent sailor. _3.（20132013年福建高考）年福建高考）没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。44452.2.以逗号代替句号以逗号代替句号, ,把两个简单句当成一个句子把两个简单句当成一个句子Theoldmanthoughtofhisson,tearscamedownfromhisface.Thehallisdifferentfromallotherbuildings,itismadeofglass.46漂亮的书写是写作得分的亮点影响给分的因素之一：影响给分的因素之一：作文的卷面作文的卷面47影响给分的因素之三：影响给分的因素之三：行文的流畅行文的流畅 上下贯通、一气
31、呵成正确而巧妙地使用好连接词48and,then,also,besides,morever,whats more furthermore,in addition,more than that.1.1.表递进表递进. .表转折表转折. .表因果表因果. .表目的表目的. .表归纳表归纳but,however,although,though,in spite of,despite after all,on the contrary,on the other hand. because,since,therefore,so,hence,thus,consequently as a result/co
32、nsequence,on account of.in order that,so that,for the purpose of.in general,in brief,in short,in conclusion,in a word,on the whole.49如何将这几个如何将这几个讲讲述汶川地震的句子更好地连接起来，显得述汶川地震的句子更好地连接起来，显得更有文采，得到高分呢？更有文采，得到高分呢？Many houses and schools were destroyed. More than five million people are living a hard life no
33、w. The students there need help and schools should be built. Students can return to classes soon.50Ex:按要求改写下列句子。按要求改写下列句子。1) English is widely used in the world. Most business letters are written in English. (合并为并列句合并为并列句) English is widely used in the world and most business letters are written in
34、English. 2) People thought of some ways to solve the problem. These solutions didnt work. (合并为并列句合并为并列句) People thought of some ways to solve the problem but these solutions didnt work.51四、如何使文章连贯？四、如何使文章连贯？(过渡词的使用过渡词的使用)1) 时间：时间：soon, then, suddenly, meanwhile, before, after, earlier, in the mornin
35、g, afterwards, later, immediately, next, the other day, nowadays, gradually2) 空间空间: above, below, up, down, under, near, far from, in front of, behind, beside, beyond, on the right/left, around, inside, outside, opposite to, next to, on top of, across.523) 列举：列举：for example, such as, first(ly), seco
36、nd(ly), finally, besides, apart form, for one thingfor another thing 4) 比较比较: like, unlike, on the contrary, in contrast to, on the one handon the other hand, than, not soas, asas, while, similarly, the former, the latter, someothers, onethe other, compared with535) 逻辑关系：逻辑关系：a. 并列：并列：and, as well a
37、s, alsob. 转折：转折：but, however, yetc. 递进：递进：besides, apart from, in addition, whats more, furthermore, moreover, to make things worsed. 原因：原因：because, because of, as, since, for that reasone. 结果：结果：so, therefore, thus, as a result f. 让步：让步：though, although, in spite of54为了增强短文的连贯性，使表达流畅自然，要巧用关联为了增强短文的
38、连贯性，使表达流畅自然，要巧用关联词。请熟记和用好以下的关联词语：词。请熟记和用好以下的关联词语：A、表并列：、表并列：besides,inaddition,whatsmore,moreover,or,and,also,too,aswellasB、表转折：、表转折：however,nevertheless,yetC、表原因：、表原因：becauseof,thanksto,owingto,duetoD、表结果：、表结果：thus,therefore,asaresultE、表列举：、表列举：namely,forexample,forinstance,thatistosayF、表结论：、表结论：to
39、conclude,inaword,inbriefG、表时间顺序：、表时间顺序：first,second,then,soon,finally,atlastH、表空间顺序：、表空间顺序：here,there,infrontof,atthebackof,nextto,ononeside,ontheothersideI、表对称关系：、表对称关系：foronething,fortheotherthing,ononehand,ontheotherhand55四、如何使文章连贯？四、如何使文章连贯？(过渡词的使用过渡词的使用)1) 时间：时间：soon, then, suddenly, meanwhile,
40、 before, after, earlier, in the morning, afterwards, later, immediately, next, the other day, nowadays, gradually2) 空间空间: above, below, up, down, under, near, far from, in front of, behind, beside, beyond, on the right/left, around, inside, outside, opposite to, next to, on top of, across.563) 列举：列举
41、：for example, such as, first(ly), second(ly), finally, besides, apart form, for one thingfor another thing 4) 比较比较: like, unlike, on the contrary, in contrast to, on the one handon the other hand, than, not soas, asas, while, similarly, the former, the latter, someothers, onethe other, compared with
42、575) 逻辑关系：逻辑关系：a. 并列：并列：and, as well as, alsob. 转折：转折：but, however, yetc. 递进：递进：besides, apart from, in addition, whats more, furthermore, moreover, to make things worsed. 原因：原因：because, because of, as, since, for that reasone. 结果：结果：so, therefore, thus, as a result f. 让步：让步：though, although, in spi
43、te of585.运用关连词语运用关连词语篇章结构连贯是三大评分标准之一，因此，我篇章结构连贯是三大评分标准之一，因此，我们在写作时，除按逻辑组合信息点外，还必须学们在写作时，除按逻辑组合信息点外，还必须学会灵活运用连接性词语。除上述提到的并列连词会灵活运用连接性词语。除上述提到的并列连词和从属连词之外，特别推荐使用以下连接性词语：和从属连词之外，特别推荐使用以下连接性词语：(1)表起始：表起始：firstofall,tobeginwith,inmyopinion,accordingto,asfarasImconcerned,asyouknow等。等。(最常用最常用)(2)表递进：表递进：be
44、sides,whatsmore,moreover,furthermore,whatsworse=tomakethingsworse=worsestill,inadditionto,still,even等。等。(最常用最常用)59(3)表并列：表并列：also,aswell(as),or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,and,andthen,bothand等。等。(4)表因果：表因果：therefore,asaresult(of),thanksto,dueto,owingto等。等。(5)表强调：表强调：aboveall,indeed,surely,cer
45、tainly,ofcourse,atleast,obviously等。等。(6)表解释：表解释：thatistosay（即即,就是就是,换句话说换句话说,就是说就是说;更确切地说更确切地说），inotherwords,believeitornot,totellyouthetruth等。等。(7)表比较：表比较：justas,justlike,inthesameway,moreorless（差不多差不多 , 几乎几乎）,similarly,instead等。等。60(8)表空间：表空间：ontheleft/right,totheleft/rightof,ononesideofontheother
46、sideof,atthefoot/top/endof,inthemiddle/centreof等。等。(9)表时间：表时间：atfirst,inthebeginning,next,then,later,now,abouttwomonthslater,afterawhile,soon,afterwards,sincethen,meanwhile,intheend,atlast,finally,forthefirsttime,afterthat,thenextmoment,uptonow,beforelong,fromthenon,soonerorlater等。等。(10)表总结：表总结：insh
47、ort,inaword,inconclusion,ingeneral,inbrief,generallyspeaking,onthewhole,tosumup,inall等。等。(最常用最常用)61(11)表转折或对比：表转折或对比：yet,however,otherwise,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,inspiteof,afterall,infact,asamateroffact（事实上）等。（事实上）等。(最常最常用用)(12)表列举或举例：表列举或举例：foronethingandforanother(thing);first(ly),second(ly)
48、,third(ly),finally/lastbutnotleast(最后但同等重要的最后但同等重要的);forexample/instance,takeforexample,suchas,thatis,asfollows,andsoon等。等。(最常用最常用)(13)常用的放在句首，修饰整个句子的连接性副常用的放在句首，修饰整个句子的连接性副词词：(un)luckily,(un)fortunately,hopefully,naturally,strangely,apparently,inthisway等。等。(最常用最常用)62before,after,when,while,as,first
49、,later,andthen,next,finally,immediately,assoonasand,or,also,too,notonly.butalso,aswellas,both.and,neither.norbut,yet,however,or,otherwisebecause,becauseof,since,nowthat,as,thanksto.,dueto.so,sothat,therefore,thus,asaresult,as(so)longas,if,unlessthough,although,inspiteofbesides,whatsmore,moreover,eve
50、n,inaddition时间时间:并列并列:原因原因:条件条件:转折转折:递进递进:结果结果:让步让步:6364基础写作7大聚焦4， 巧用同位语及分词短语，让表达简洁生巧用同位语及分词短语，让表达简洁生动，顺畅合并信息。动，顺畅合并信息。65合并以下信息时间：上周last week事件：采访王教授， 关注中国在校儿童近 视问题 have an interview with; concern; the issue of short- sightedness; school children背景：王教授是眼科医生 eye-doctorLast week, we had an interview w
51、ith Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, concerning the issue of short-sightedness of school children in china.66同位成分，往往是中心强调的信息。He finally gave me his present, a beautiful dress.当同位成分之间存在某种语义关系是，会见到表示该语义的词语，如：同等关系： that is, in other words, namely列举关系： for example, for instance, such as, including, includ
52、ed.突出或强调关系： especially, particularly, mainly, mostly, in particular同位语的应用67Here are 3 ways to make sentences:I.巧妙运用短语，写出规范的简单句：巧妙运用短语，写出规范的简单句： 1)借助名词短语做同位语借助名词短语做同位语 如：如：李立，男，李立，男，19岁，岁，1986年生；年生；籍贯：广东。籍贯：广东。 LiLi,aboyof19,wasborninGuangdongin1986.68691 1、五年的基础写作范文中都使用了、五年的基础写作范文中都使用了非谓语形式。非谓语形式。 1
53、）BornonMarch7,1915,AllanStewart(2012)2）AbookentitledBattleHymnoftheTigerMother （2011）3)Around540millionpeopleareaffected,causing100,000deaths.(2010)4)halfoftheschoolchildreninourcountryareshortsighted,rankingthefirstintheworld. (2009)5)Shooting,originatedasameansofsurvival,(2008)范文解读范文解读702 2、五年的基础写
54、作范文中都使用了、五年的基础写作范文中都使用了定语从句定语从句。 1）AmyChua,aChineseAmericanandprofessoratYale,whotellsstoriesinherbookabout.（2011年）年）2）Thereare350millionpeoplesmokingrecently,inwhichthemalehold75percent.（2010年）年）3）Itissaidthatslightlymorethan50%students,whichranksthefirstintheworld,areshort-sighted.（2009年）年）4）Inhis
55、eighties,hedecidedtostudylaw,afterwhichheobtainedin2006.(2012)713 3、五年的基础写作范文中常使用了、五年的基础写作范文中常使用了同位语同位语。 1 1） AmyChua,aChineseAmericanandprofessoratYale.（2011年）年）2）IhadaninterviewwithProfessorWang,an eye -doctor,concerning（2009年）年）3）AllanStewart,anAustralian,becomes.（2012年）年）72不是人人都能学好英语，小学生同时不是人人都能
56、学好英语，小学生同时学汉语和英语反而会影响汉语学习。学汉语和英语反而会影响汉语学习。学学会会运运用用复复合合句句和和非非谓谓语语动动词词第一步：拆分成几个简单句第一步：拆分成几个简单句不是人人都能学好英语。不是人人都能学好英语。小学生同时学汉语和英语。小学生同时学汉语和英语。这会影响汉语学习。这会影响汉语学习。第二步：分别翻译这几个简单句第二步：分别翻译这几个简单句 NoteveryoneisgoodatlearningEnglish. ChildrenfromprimaryschoollearnEnglishandChineseatthesametime. Thiswillaffectthe
57、irChinesestudy.73 NoteveryoneisgoodatlearningEnglish. ChildrenfromprimaryschoolstarttolearnEnglishandChineseatthesametime. ThiswillaffecttheirChinesestudy.第三步：合并句子第三步：合并句子ThatchildrenfromprimaryschoolstarttolearnEnglishandChineseatthesametimewillaffecttheirChinesestudy becausenoteveryoneisgoodatlear
58、ningEnglish.74 NoteveryoneisgoodatlearningEnglish. ChildrenfromprimaryschoolstarttolearnEnglishandChineseatthesametime. ThiswillaffecttheirChinesestudy.第三步：合并句子第三步：合并句子IfchildrenfromprimaryschoolstarttolearnEnglishandChineseatthesametime,thiswillaffecttheirChinesestudy方法方法2 2：becausenoteveryoneisgoo
59、datlearningEnglish.7576二、基础写作的解题思路及步骤二、基础写作的解题思路及步骤 1、认真审题，明确要求。、认真审题，明确要求。 审题时要注意以下几点：审题时要注意以下几点：1）写出的短文必须是）写出的短文必须是5个句子，不能多也不能少；个句子，不能多也不能少；2）必须是）必须是连贯连贯的短文，而且要求句子结构的短文，而且要求句子结构准确、复准确、复杂；杂；3）短文必须包括）短文必须包括全部信息内容全部信息内容，不能遗漏任何一点；，不能遗漏任何一点；4）确定短文的）确定短文的主题和格式主题和格式；主题：学校食堂服务调查情况主题：学校食堂服务调查情况格式：书信（本文不用考虑
60、）格式：书信（本文不用考虑）5）确定短文的）确定短文的人称和时态人称和时态。人称：第一和第二人称人称：第一和第二人称时态：一般现在时时态：一般现在时775、全面检查，避免失误。、全面检查，避免失误。主要从以下几方面入手： 1）文体格式是否正确。）文体格式是否正确。2）人称是否符合要求。）人称是否符合要求。3）有无单词拼写错误。）有无单词拼写错误。4）大小写、标点符号是否有错。）大小写、标点符号是否有错。5）语法是否正确。（句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、）语法是否正确。（句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、单复数、指代词等）非谓语动词、单复数、指代词等）6）过渡词是否使用自然。）过渡词是否使用
61、自然。7）要点是否齐全。）要点是否齐全。8）书写是否工整，卷面是否整洁。）书写是否工整，卷面是否整洁。78 1、写作题材贴近考生的学习和生活。、写作题材贴近考生的学习和生活。2、信息点多，必须用、信息点多，必须用5句话表达。句话表达。3、信息呈现方式多为表格、图表等。、信息呈现方式多为表格、图表等。4、以翻译为基础、注重考察表达能力。、以翻译为基础、注重考察表达能力。一、题型特点：一、题型特点：79二、能力要求:1 1、审题能力、审题能力 2 2、处理信息的能力：、处理信息的能力： 信息组合、排列合理信息组合、排列合理3 3、表达能力、表达能力 语法正确语法正确 句式灵活句式灵活 信息内容表达
62、准确、完整信息内容表达准确、完整 语篇连贯语篇连贯80Exchangeanddiscussyourpartnerscomposition,thengiveeachotherascoreaccordingtothefollowingcriteria.Criteria（标准）（标准） MarkContent（内容）（内容） （是否用（是否用5 5句话表达了全文要点）句话表达了全文要点） 0 5 分分Language（语言）（语言） （句子结构及用词是否得当）（句子结构及用词是否得当） 0 8 分分Coherence（连贯）（连贯）（是否用了恰当的词语来衔接句子）（是否用了恰当的词语来衔接句子） 0
63、 2 分分Pair work81评分标准评分标准82语语言言78 具有很好的具有很好的语言运用能力语言运用能力；语；语法和句子结构准确性高，词汇法和句子结构准确性高，词汇方面使用较好，只有少许错误。方面使用较好，只有少许错误。56 具有较好的语言运用能力；语具有较好的语言运用能力；语法和句子结构准确性较好，有法和句子结构准确性较好，有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。误，但不影响理解。34 语言运用能力一般；语法和句语言运用能力一般；语法和句子结构基本正确，语法结构或子结构基本正确，语法结构或词汇方面的错误不影响理解。词汇方面的错误不影响理解。83语语言言1
64、2 语言运用能力较差；语法和句子语言运用能力较差；语法和句子结构不够准确结构不够准确,语法结构或词汇方语法结构或词汇方面的错误较多面的错误较多,而且影响了对句子而且影响了对句子意义的理解。意义的理解。0语言运用能力很差；语法、句子语言运用能力很差；语法、句子结构、词汇错误很多结构、词汇错误很多,句子意义无句子意义无法理解。法理解。备注备注 每多或少些一个句子每多或少些一个句子,扣一分。扣一分。84内内容容5包括了包括了所有信息内容所有信息内容。4包括了大部分信息内容。包括了大部分信息内容。3包括了基本信息内容。包括了基本信息内容。2包括了小部分信息内容。包括了小部分信息内容。1包括了少许信息内
65、容。包括了少许信息内容。0没有包括所提供的信息内容。没有包括所提供的信息内容。85连连贯贯2内容内容连贯连贯，而且结构紧凑。，而且结构紧凑。1.5内容连贯性比较好，而且结构比内容连贯性比较好，而且结构比较紧凑。较紧凑。1内容连贯性较差，而且结构不够内容连贯性较差，而且结构不够紧凑。紧凑。0内容缺乏连贯性，而且结构松散。内容缺乏连贯性，而且结构松散。备注备注文不对题，给文不对题，给0分分86评分标准总结评分标准总结1具有很好的具有很好的语言运用语言运用能力；语法和能力；语法和句子结构句子结构准确性高准确性高2包括了包括了所有信息所有信息内容内容3内容连贯，而且内容连贯，而且结构紧凑结构紧凑。87
66、三 Howtojudgethelevelsofthecomposition?1588 评分原则评分原则1本题总分为本题总分为15分，按分，按5个档次给分个档次给分2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3词数少于词数少于50或多于或多于100的，从总分中减去的，从总分中减去1分。分。4评分时，应注意表达内容、所用词汇和语法结构的表述是否评分时，应注意表达内容、所用词汇和语法结构的表述是否准确、上下文是否连贯及语言表达是否得体。准确
67、、上下文是否连贯及语言表达是否得体。5单词拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视单词拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对表述的影响程度予以考虑。其对表述的影响程度予以考虑。6如书写较差，影响表述，将分数降低一个档次。如书写较差，影响表述，将分数降低一个档次。1689Which composition feels more attractive, why?90考生作文考生作文专家评分：专家评分：691考生作文考生作文专家评分：专家评分：1492考生作文考生作文专家评分：专家评分：1593考生存在的主要问题考生存在的主要问题1.1.部分考生明显没有把要求的内容写完整。
68、部分考生明显没有把要求的内容写完整。2.2.整体而言明显的语法错误偏多整体而言明显的语法错误偏多时态时态 主谓一致主谓一致 常见词的用法错误常见词的用法错误 句子结构句子结构3.3.上下文的连贯性不够上下文的连贯性不够944.4.书写不清楚书写不清楚从每天每个老师平均近从每天每个老师平均近400份的阅卷量来看，份的阅卷量来看，糟糕的书写给分数带来的损失是显而易见的。糟糕的书写给分数带来的损失是显而易见的。书写混乱的作文会让老师失去仔细阅读的耐书写混乱的作文会让老师失去仔细阅读的耐心，所以容易出现心，所以容易出现“冤假错案冤假错案”。在阅卷后期。在阅卷后期进行三改的时候，这些出现误差的作文大都进行三改的时候，这些出现误差的作文大都是龙飞凤舞，书写混乱的作文。是龙飞凤舞，书写混乱的作文。95基础写作的推荐步骤：基础写作的推荐步骤：1 1、认真审题、认真审题, ,读懂中文提示读懂中文提示 2 2、归纳、排列信息点、归纳、排列信息点 3 3、确定时态、短语和句型、连词成句、确定时态、短语和句型、连词成句4 4、组句成篇、组句成篇( (特别要写好第一句话）特别要写好第一句话）5 5、检查修改、检查修改 96Thank you!98
