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1、.词汇词汇1The _ (平均的平均的)age of the boys here is ten.2She has a _ (倾倾向向) to make over her ideas to match his.3Has anybody ever seen any beings from _ (外部的外部的) space?4The result is the _ (存存在在) of a gap between expectations and realities.5Systems which may find _ (普普遍遍的的)use in the future are also discuss
2、ed.答答案案：1.average2.tendency3.outer4.existence5.widespread.短语短语1重视，强调重视，强调_2有做某事的倾向有做某事的倾向_3产生；成立产生；成立_4平均平均_5大体上；基本上大体上；基本上_答答案案：1.put/place emphasis on2.have a tendency to do e into existence4.on the/an average5.on the wholeaverage1)adj.(1)平均的平均的The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.
3、这个班级中男生的平均年龄为十五岁。这个班级中男生的平均年龄为十五岁。(2)典型的；正常的典型的；正常的40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people.对大多数人来说，一周工作对大多数人来说，一周工作40小时是相当正常的。小时是相当正常的。(3)普通的；平常的；一般的普通的；平常的；一般的It was an average piece of work.那是一件普通的那是一件普通的产品。品。2)n. C&U(1)平均数平均数The average of 4, 6 and 8 is 6.4,6,8的平均数是的平均数是6。(2)平均水
4、平；一般水准平均水平；一般水准The amount of snow this year has been below average.今年的降雪量低于平均水平。今年的降雪量低于平均水平。【知识拓展知识拓展】on(the/an)average 平均；平均； 一般而言一般而言We made a loss today, but on average we make a profit.今天结算亏损，但是平均起来，我们还是赚钱。今天结算亏损，但是平均起来，我们还是赚钱。He is weak at English, but on average his marks are not bad.他的英语虽差，但
5、平均成绩不差。他的英语虽差，但平均成绩不差。【词语辨析词语辨析】average, regular, normal, ordinary, natural1)average通通常常用用来来形形容容优优劣劣难难分分的的平平庸庸或或折折衷衷情情况况，也指理论上的平均标准。也指理论上的平均标准。The average temperature in Oxford last month was 18C.牛津上月的平均气温是牛津上月的平均气温是18C.2)regular指已有模式、有规律或定期的。指已有模式、有规律或定期的。I wish my working hours were more regular.我
6、的工作时间能更正常一些就好了。我的工作时间能更正常一些就好了。3)normal指不超指不超过某种限度、符合某种某种限度、符合某种标准或常准或常规。The doctor said the childs temperature was normal.医生医生说孩子体温正常。孩子体温正常。4)ordinary强强调一般性和普通性，含不突出的意味。一般性和普通性，含不突出的意味。On ordinary days I get up at eight oclock, but on my birthday I was up early.平平时我八点起床，但是我在生日那天起得早。我八点起床，但是我在生日那天起
7、得早。5)natural侧重某人或某物的行重某人或某物的行为符合其固有特性。符合其固有特性。It is natural that such a hardworking student should pass the exam.这么用功的学生考么用功的学生考试及格是很自然的事。及格是很自然的事。【知识运用知识运用】(1)(2010江江西西35) Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) _ of 40,000 per year.A. averageB.
8、number C. amount D. quantity答答案案：A本本题题题题意意：持持有有驾驾驶驶执执照照的的毕毕业业生生，去去年年的的数数量量达达到到了了20万万，年年均均4万万。average表表示示“平平均均数数”。例例如如：They went to the theatre on an average of 10.3 times a year. 他们平均每年去剧院他们平均每年去剧院10.3次。次。(2)(2007天天津津9) A new_bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago.Anormal B
9、usual Cregular Dcommon答答案案：C本本题题意意：定定时发往往天天津津机机场的的新新的的公公交交班班车两两个个月月前前开开始始为公公众众服服务了了。regular表表示示“定定时的的；规则的；有的；有规律的；律的；间隙均匀的隙均匀的”。(3)采采用用average, regular, normal, ordinary或或natural填填空：空：The novel describes the way of life of the_people there.It is_to laugh when you are happy.After a week of festivitie
10、s, life returned to_.There was nothing special about the meal; it was_.Her breathing became deeper, more_.答案：答案： ordinary译译文文：这这部部小小说说描描写写那那里里的的普普通通人人的的生生活方式。活方式。 natural译文：高兴时笑是正常的。译文：高兴时笑是正常的。 normal译译文文：一一星星期期的的欢欢庆庆之之后后，生生活活又又恢恢复复常常态。态。 average译文：饭菜没什么特别，译文：饭菜没什么特别， 挺平常的。挺平常的。 regular译文：她的呼吸越来越深，
11、越来越均匀。译文：她的呼吸越来越深，越来越均匀。on the whole 总的的说来；大体上；基本上来；大体上；基本上On the whole, children begin walking when they are about one year old.一般来一般来说，小孩，小孩1岁左右开始走路。左右开始走路。On the whole，our stay there was quite enjoyable.总的的说来，我来，我们待在那里是很开心的。待在那里是很开心的。【知识拓展知识拓展】1)as a whole (1)作为一个整体作为一个整体Is the collection going t
12、o be divided up or sold as a whole?这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖？这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖？(2)总体上总体上There are some areas of poverty, but the country as a whole is fairly prosperous.这这个个国国家家有有些些地地区区比比较较贫贫困困， 但但总总的的来来说说是是相相当当富富裕裕的。的。2)in general 通常；大体上通常；大体上In general, Alexander was a peaceful, loving man.总的来的来说，亚历山大是个平和的、有山大是个平
13、和的、有爱心的人。心的人。总的的说来；从来；从总体上看体上看In general, your suggestion is good.你的建你的建议总的来的来说是好的。是好的。【知识运用知识运用】(1)A healthy economy is in the best interests of society_.Aas a result Bafter allCin reality Das a whole答答案案：D本本题题题题意意：健健康康发发展展的的经经济济总总的的来来说说对对社社会最有利。会最有利。as a whole表示表示“总体上总体上”。(2)_were happy living her
14、e，but it is a long way away from my parent home.AOn the whole BAs a wholeCIn general DIn brief答答案案：A本本题题意意：总的的说来来，我我们住住在在这儿儿很很愉愉快快，但但就就是是离离我我父父母母家家太太远了了。on the whole表表示示“总的的说来；大体上；基本上来；大体上；基本上”。in brief“简而言之；而言之；简单地地说”。it的用法的用法(2)1强调句型强调句型1)强强调调句句型型可可以以强强调调除除谓谓语语动动词词以以外外的的任任何何句句子子成成份份。一一般般说说来来，如如果果被
15、被强强调调部部分分是是人人时时，用用连连词词that或或who；如如果果被被强强调调部部分分是是物物，只只能能用用连连词词that。强强调调句句型型应应避避免免使使用用when, where, which 等连词。等连词。It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spent on his lessons.玩玩电脑游游戏用用掉掉了了这个个孩孩子子本本来来应该花花在在功功课上上的的许多多时间。It is during his spare time that Tom has been
16、studying the situation for several months.几个月以来，几个月以来，汤姆一直利用自己的空姆一直利用自己的空闲时间研究局研究局势。2)that/who后后的的动词的的人人称称和和数数的的变化化要要与与前前面面的的名名词或代或代词一致。一致。It was I who/that was to blame.该受受责备的人是我。的人是我。It was only I who am willing to go to the film.愿意去看愿意去看电影的人只有我。影的人只有我。3)强强调句型的疑句型的疑问形式。形式。Was it in 1939 that the S
17、econd World War broke out?第二次世界大第二次世界大战是在是在1939年爆年爆发的的吗？Is it Mr. Li who guided the company through the difficulties.是王先生是王先生带领公司渡公司渡过难关的关的吗？4)强强调句型的特殊疑句型的特殊疑问句形式。句形式。Where is it that you are going for your holidays?你打算到哪儿去度假？你打算到哪儿去度假？How was it that you climb to the top of that building?你是如何爬上楼你是如
18、何爬上楼顶的？的？5)强强调句句型型中中的的特特殊殊形形式式： It is not until.that.；It is because.that.It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework.直到走直到走进教室，他才意教室，他才意识到忘了做作到忘了做作业。It was because her mother was ill that she didnt go to work.是因是因为她她妈妈病了她才没有去上班。病了她才没有去上班。6)在在强强
19、调句句型型中中，作作主主语的的关关系系代代词who/that可可以以省省略。略。It is he(that/who)worked out the maths problem.是他算出了是他算出了这道数学道数学题。It is I(that/who)am teaching them the English song.是我在教唱是我在教唱这首英首英语歌曲。歌曲。 2it指时间时可以用于以下句型：指时间时可以用于以下句型：1)Itbe时间段时间段since.It is five years since he left here.他离开这儿已有五年了。他离开这儿已有五年了。2)Itbe时间段时间段bef
20、ore.It wasnt long before I had my first bite.没一会儿我就第一次等到了鱼来咬饵。没一会儿我就第一次等到了鱼来咬饵。3)It is time for sth/for sb to do sth/that.Its time for bed.该睡觉了。该睡觉了。语法专练语法专练从从A、B、C、D四四个个选选项项中中，选选出出可可以以填填入入空空白白处处的的最佳选项。最佳选项。1(2009江江西西27) It was_he came bank from Africa that year_he met the girl he would like to marr
21、y.Awhen; then Bnot; until Cnot until; that Donly; when 答答案案：C本本题题题题意意：直直到到那那一一年年他他从从非非洲洲回回来来，他他才才遇遇到到了了一一位位他他想想与与之之结结婚婚的的女女孩孩。本本题题考考查查强强调调句句型型的的用法。强调句型强调了用法。强调句型强调了not until句式。句式。2(2009浙江浙江4) Ive read another book this week.Well, maybe_is not how much you read but what you read that counts.Athis Bth
22、at Cthere Dit 答答案案：D本本题题意意：“本本周周我我又又读了了一一本本书。”“”“你你读了了多多少少并并不不重重要要，重重要要的的是是你你读了了些些什什么么。”本本题考考查强强调句型的用法。句型的用法。强强调句型句型强强调了了not.but.句式。句式。3 (2008全全 国国 2 20) It was in New Zealand_Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.Athat Bhow Cwhich Dwhen答答案案：A本本题题意意：正正是是在在新新西西兰，伊伊丽莎莎白白第第一一次次与与史史密密斯斯先先生生相相遇遇。本本题考考查强强调句句型型的的用
23、用法法，强强调了了地点状地点状语in New Zealand.4 (2008天天 津津 8) It was along the Mississippi River_Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.Ahow Bwhich Cthat Dwhere答答案案：C本本题题意意：马克克吐吐温温的的童童年年时光光大大多多数数是是在在密密西西西西比比河河沿沿岸岸度度过的的。本本题考考查强强调句句型型的的用用法法，强强调了地点状了地点状语along the Mississippi River.5(2008重重庆22)It was not until midnigh
24、t_they reached the camp site.Athat Bwhen Cwhile Das答答案案：A本本题题意意：直直到到午午夜夜他他们才才到到达达营地地。本本题 考考 查 强强 调 句句 型型 强强 调 not until句句 式式 It is/was not until.that.；注注意意下下列列句句式式转换：They didnt reach the camp site until midnight. Not until midnight did they reach the camp site.6(2007山山东30)Where did you get to know h
25、er?It was on the farm_we worked.Athat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere 答案：答案：D本本题题意：意：“你在哪里你在哪里认识了她？了她？” “在我在我们工作的工作的农场”。本句考。本句考查强强调句型，但句型，但题干中所干中所给的句子是的句子是一个不完整的句子，其一个不完整的句子，其补充形式充形式为：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her. 所填的所填的where用来用来引引导定定语从句，修从句，修饰先行先行词farm，同属于被，同属于被强强调部分。部分。 7(2007江江西
26、西34) I dont mind her criticizing me, but_is how she does it that I object to.AitBthat Cthis Dwhich答答案案：A本本题题意意：我我并并不不介介意意她她的的批批评，但但是是我我反反对她她的的批批评方方式式。本本题考考查强强调句句型型的的用用法法。强强调句句型型强强调了短了短语动词obeject to的的宾语how she does it.8(2007浙浙江江10) It_we had stayed together for a couple of weeks_I found we had a lot
27、in common.Awas until; when Bwas until; that Cwasnt until; when Dwasnt until; that答答案案：D本本题题意意：我我们在在一一起起待待了了两两三三周周之之后后，我我才才发现我我们有有许多多共共同同之之处。本本题考考查强强调句句型型的的用用法法，强强调句句型型强强调了了not until句句型型，其其原原句句为：I didnt find we had a lot in common until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks. 还可可以以表表达达为：Not unt
28、il we had stayed together for a couple of weeks did I find we had a lot in common.9(2007重重庆27) It is not who is right but what is right_is of importance.Awhich Bit Cthat Dthis答答案案：C本本题题意意：重重要要的的是是：不不是是谁正正确确而而是是什什么是正确的。本么是正确的。本题考考查强强调句型，句型，强强调了了not.but.句式。句式。10(2007上上海海春春32) It is imagination_makes t
29、he world colourful, full of vigour and vitality.Awhere BwhatCthat Dwhen答答案案：B本本题题意意：想想象象使使整整个个世世界界丰丰富富多多彩彩，充充满生生机机和和活活力力。本本题考考查了了强强调句句型型，被被强强调部部分分为句句子子的主的主语imagination.11(2007浙浙江江16)He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.When was_？_was in 2000 when he was still in college.
30、Athat; This Bthis; It Cit; This Dthat; It答答案案：D本本题题题题意意：“他他的的第第一一部部作作品品出出版版了了。事事实实表表明明那那是是一一本本畅畅销销书书。”“”“那那是是何何时时发发生生的的事事？”“”“2000年年，当当时时他他还还在在上上大大学学。”在在第第一一空空中中，that指指已已提提到到过过或或已已知知的的人人或或事事物物，表表示示“那那，那那个个”。第第二二空空考考查查“强强调调句句型型”，但但句句子子不不完完整整，其其完完整整形形式式为为：It was in 2000 when he was still in college th
31、at He got his first book published.12I just wonder_that makes him so excited.Awhy it does Bwhat he does Chow it is Dwhat it is答答案案：D本本题题意意：我我只只是是想想知知道道什什么么事事使使他他如如此此兴奋。本。本题考考查强强调句型在句型在宾语从句中的从句中的应用。用。Unit 4 Global warming人教版英语同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全Unit 4 Global warming人教版英语同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
