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1、第14讲八年级(下)Units 9101invent(v.)invention(n.)发明物inventor(n.)发明者2believe(v.)believable(adj.)可信的unbelievable(adj.)难以置信的3usual(adj.)unusual(反义词)特别的；不寻常的4encourage(v.)encouragement(n.)鼓励5peace(n.)peaceful(adj.)和平的6collect(v.)collection(n.)收集7safe(adj.)safety(n.)安全dangerous(adj.)危险的danger(n.)危险8simply(adv.
2、)simple(adj.)简单的9most(adj.)大多数mostly(adv.)主要地10scarf(n.)scarves/scarfs(复数)11own(v.)owner(n.)拥有者12true(adj.)truth(n.)真相；事实truthful(adj.)诚实的；真实的13especial(adj.)especially(adv.)尤其；特别；格外1put up a tent搭帐篷2encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事3a couple of两个；一对；几个4thousands of数以千计的；许许多多的5on the one hand.on the ot
3、her hand.一方面另一方面6have problems doing sth.做某事有麻烦7board game棋类游戏8all year round全年9three quarters四分之三10check out查看；观察11clear out清理；丢掉12no longer不再；不复13part with放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)14as for至于；关于15to be honest说实在的16according to依据；按照17close to几乎；接近1_ you ever _ to a science museum？你去过科技博物馆？2I _ _ to the art mu
4、seum many _我去过艺术博物馆很多次了。3Ive _ _ to a water park.我从未去过水上乐园。Me _我也没去过。4Lets go _ _ today.我们今天去某个不同的地方吧。5Its really interesting，_ _？它确实很有趣，是不是？6Watching the tea preparation is just _ enjoyable _ drinking the tea _观看他们准备沏茶的过程和饮茶本身一样令人享受。Havebeenhave beentimesnever beenneithersomewhere differentisnt ita
5、sasitself7_ _ _ you _ that bike over there？那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？Ive had it for three years！我买了三年了！8Jim _ _ _ Japan for three days.吉姆在日本待了三天了。9Nowadays，_ _ Chinese leave the countryside to _ _ work in the cities.如今，数百万中国人离开农村去城市寻找工作。10I _ _ return home at least once a year，but I _ _ _ for almost three ye
6、ars now.我过去一年至少回去一次，但是现在我几乎三年没有回去了。How long havehadhas been inmillions ofsearch forhavent been backused to 1现在完成时(含been，ever和never)(见学生用书P131)(见本书P153)2现在完成时(含since和for)(见学生用书P131)(见本书P153) 动词的时态1We hope to manage our own lives because we _ up.(2015，辽阳，6题)AgrewBhave grownCgrow Dwere growing【解析】本题考查动
7、词的时态。根据前半句We hope to manage our own lives可知，因为我们已经长大了，希望能管理自己的生活，强调结果，因此用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has过去分词。B2Whatre you doing here？(2015，本溪，9题)My daughter _ back.Im waiting for her.Ahasnt come Bwasnt comingCdidnt come Dwont come【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据下文Im waiting for her.可知他的女儿还没有回来，用现在完成时表示动作还没有结束。现在完成时可以表示从过去开始发生的
8、动作持续到现在，有可能马上结束，但也有可能持续下去。A3Thirtyeight pandas _ the zoos of other countries as guests so far.(2014，抚顺，10题)Aare visiting Bwere visitingChave visited Dwill visit【解析】本题考查动词的时态。句意为：目前为止，已经有38只大熊猫作为客人拜访了其他国家的动物园。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态。选C。4May I speak to Mr. Black?Sorry，he _ Hong Kong.But he _ ba
9、ck in a few days.(2014，朝阳，33题)Ahas been in；will come Bhas been in；cameChas gone to；came Dhas gone to；will come【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据回答sorry可知布莱克先生不在，他已经去了香港。has gone to意为“去了”；再由in a few days意为“几天后”，可判断用一般将来时。CD5He _ a member of the school basketball team since two years ago.(2014，锦州，15题)Ajoined Bhas becom
10、eChas joined Dhas been【解析】本题考查动词及其时态辨析。join加入；become变成；be成为。句意为：自从两年前，他就成为了校篮球队的一员。结合语境可知本句描述的是从过去一直持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成时态。be come强调自身性质的变化，所以应该用be的现在完成时，故选D。6Monica，you _ the match！Congratulations！(2014，葫芦岛，49题)Awin Bhave wonCwill win Dare winning【解析】本题考查动词的时态。根据下文“Congratulations！”，可以得知已经赢得了比赛，现在完成时hav
11、e done表示已经完成的动作，故选B。DB7_ you _ the door?Not yet.Ill do it right now.(2013，抚顺，3题)AHave；locked BDid；lockCAre；locking DWill；lock【解析】本题考查现在完成时的用法。句意为“你_门了吗？”“还没有，我马上去锁。”have locked为现在完成时态；did lock为一般过去时态；are locking为现在进行时态；will lock为一般将来时态。根据回答中的yet可确定应为现在完成时态，故选A。A8Are you going to return the book to t
12、he library?Yes，I _ it for more than two weeks.(2013，铁岭，4题)Aborrowed Bhave borrowedCkept Dhave kept【解析】本题考查现在完在时的用法。句意为：“你打算把这本书还给图书馆了吗？”“是的，我已经_两个多星期了。”for more than two weeks为一段时间，应用现在完成时态，且应用延续性动词，keep为延续性动词，表示借了，故选D。D9Hello，Lisa.Whats the matter?I _ find my mobile phone._ you seen it？(2013，朝阳，13题
13、)Acant；Have Bcouldnt；DidCneed；Had Dmust；Are【解析】本题考查情态动词和现在完成时的用法。句意为：“丽莎，怎么了？”“我找不到我的手机了，你看到了吗？”cant不能；couldnt不能(用作过去时)；need需要；must必须。句意为不能找到手机因此用cant，句中看到手机应该是已经完成的动作，因此应该用现在完成时。故选A。A10Have you _ been to Hainan?No，Ive _ been there.(2013，鞍山，35题)Anever；ever Bever；neverCoften；always Dalways；often【解析】本
14、题考查现在完成时。句意为：“你_去过海南吗？”“没有，我_去过那里。”ever曾经；never从不；often经常；always总是。often与always通常用于一般现在时态中；ever用于疑问句中；never用于肯定句中表示否定概念，故选B。B11You should buy a new mobile phone.This one is out of style.(2013，鞍山，42题)I agree with you.I _ it for 5 years.Abought Bhave boughtChave had Dbuy【解析】本题考查现在完成时的延续性动词。句意为：“你应该买一个
15、新手机了，这个过时了。”“我同意你的看法。我已经拥有它五年了。”for一段时间应用延续性动词，bought一般过去时；have bought现在完成时；have had现在完成时的延续性动词；buy动词原形。此句应使用延续性动词，故选C。C12This is the first time I _ a baseball game.(2013，葫芦岛，49题)Aam watching Bwas watchingChave watched Dwill watch【解析】本题考查现在完成时的用法。句意为：这是我第一次_一场棒球比赛。am watching现在进行时；will watch现在进行时；wa
16、s watching过去进行时；have watched现在完成时；will watch一般将来时。由the first time可知本句应用现在完成时态，这里的time作“次数”讲，而不是作“时间”讲。确切地说，只要是“序数词time”后面就要接相应的完成时。故选C。C词汇类13The visitors _ the USA arrived _ Beijing Station last Friday morning.(2015，朝阳，26题)Aof；to Bof；onCfrom；at Dfrom；on【解析】本题考查介词的用法。来自美国的游客使用介词from，from意为“来自”，后可接国家，
17、表示来自哪个地方；arrive at/in意为“到达”，因此只有C项符合题意。14In America，you can open your presents immediately.You dont have to _！(2015，大连，7题)Apay BwaitCcheck Dprepare【解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。根据上文immediately可知在美国可以马上打开礼物，不用等。pay意为“付钱”；check意为“查看”；prepare意为“准备”。CB15The song Where did the time go？_ the old days and the love of my
18、family.Sure.Its my favorite song.(2015，丹东，27题)Ahelps me out Bcheers me upCregards me as Dreminds me of【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。remind sb. of意为“使某人想起”，根据题意，时间都去哪了？这首歌使我想起过去的时光。help sb. out意为“帮助某人解决困难”；cheer sb. up意为“使某人振作起来”；regard sb. as意为“把某人当作。”D16Hello，Mom，Ive arrived in Beijing _Please dont worry about me
19、.OK，dear.(2013，辽阳，6题)AcarefullyBsafelyCslowlyDclearly【解析】本题考查副词词义辨析。句意为：“妈妈，我已经_到达北京了，别担心我了。”“好的，亲爱的。”carefully小心地；safely安全地；slowly慢慢地；clearly清楚地。联系空格后不用担心的意思，应该是安全到达，故选B。B17_ books were sent to a poor mountain village school by the volunteers before New Year.(2013，鞍山，43题)ATwo thousands of BTwo thou
20、sandCTwo thousand of DTwo thousands【解析】本题考查数词的用法。句意为：_书已经在新年前被志愿者们送到一个偏远的山区学校了。数词thousand前有具体数字时，应用单数形式，后不能跟of连用；如果没有具体数字时应用复数形式，且后面跟有of。故应选B。B182013 World Landscape Art Exposition (世界园林博览会) attracts _ people every day.(2013，盘锦，2题)Athousand of Bthousands ofCthousand Dthousands【解析】本题考查概数词的用法。句意为：2013
21、世界园林博览会每天吸引_人。thousand作“具体数字”用时，不用复数形式；若泛指许多时，则用复数，且常与介词of连用，构成短语thousands of。根据people前没有具体数字修饰可知表示泛指，用复数of。故选B。B19The teacher always encourages us _ ideas with each other.(2013，葫芦岛，44题)Ashare BsharedCsharing Dto share【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。句意为：老师经常鼓励我们分享彼此的想法。share动词原形，作谓语；shared过去式，作谓语；sharing现在分词形式，非谓语；to
22、 share动词不定式，非谓语。由encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”这一固定用法可知应选D。 Dthree quarters【典例在线】Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海洋。Two thirds of the new students are from No.1 Middle School.三分之二的新生来自第一中学。【拓展精析】three quarters四分之三。英语中分数的表示法为：分子分母。通常分子是基数词，分母是序数词，若分子大于一，则分母用复数形式。如1/5 one
23、 fifth，4/5 four fifths。若表示“中的几分之几”，常用“分数of名词”结构，此结构作主语时，谓语动词与名词在数上保持一致。【活学活用】1)_ of the students in our class _ girls.(2015，沈阳模拟)ATwo fifth；isBTwo fifth；areCTwo fifths；are DTwo fifths；isCwhenever【典例在线】You can ask for help whenever you need it.你无论何时需要帮助都可以提出来。Whatever you say，Ill believe you.无论你说什么，我
24、都相信你。Whoever telephones，tell him (her) Im out.不管是谁打电话，告诉他(她)我出去了。【拓展精析】whenever意为“在任何时候；无论何时”，与no matter when同义。作连词可引导让步状语从句。类似的词还有whatever(无论什么)，wherever(无论哪里)，whoever(无论谁)等。【活学活用】2)Kates dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him _ it is convenient.(2015，朝阳模拟)Abecause BalthoughCwhenever D
25、unlessCregard【典例在线】She regards the books as good friends.她把书当作好朋友。【拓展精析】regard意为“将认为；把视为”。常见用法有regard sb./sth.as.表示“将某人/某物看作”。【活学活用】3)史蒂芬霍金把他的许多身体问题看得不重要。(2015，随州)Stephen Hawking _ his many physical problems _ unimportant.regardsasespecially【典例在线】Flowers are always welcomed，especially in winter.鲜花总是
26、受到欢迎，尤其是在冬天。【拓展精析】especially副词，意为“尤其；特别；格外”，在句中常用作状语，用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。其形容词形式为especial，意为“特别的；特殊的”。【活学活用】4)The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around，_ in winter.Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists.(2015，葫芦岛模拟)Aespecially BgenerallyCprobably DsuddenlyAIve never been
27、to a water park.我从来没有去过水上公园。Me neither.我也没去过。【典例在线】She doesnt like playing basketball.她不喜欢打篮球。Me neither.我也不喜欢。He can speak English.他会讲英语。Me too.我也会。【拓展精析】Me neither意为“我也不”。表示前一句所述的否定情况也适用于后者时，可用此简略形式。Me too意为“我也一样”。表示前一句所述的肯定情况也适用于后者时，可用此简略形式。【活学活用】1)He didnt finish his homework yesterday._(我也没有。)M
28、e neitherAmong these is Zhong Wei，a 46yearold husband and father.钟伟，一位46岁的丈夫和父亲，就是其中的一位。【典例在线】Tom is a 10yearold boy.Tom is a boy of 10 years old.汤姆是一个10岁的男孩。【拓展精析】46yearold是一个复合形容词，在句中作定语。这种复合形容词有两个特点：一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式。另一种类似的复合形容词作定语的结构是：数词连字符“”名词(单数)。【活学活用】2)The winner of the sing
29、ing competition was a _ girl named Zhang Mei from China.A19yearsold B19yearoldC19yearolds D19 years old3)The park is far away from here indeed.Its about _ walk.Aa three hour Ba three hoursCa threehours Da threehourBDI have had this bike for three years.这辆自行车我已经买了三年了。【典例在线】She has worked here for fiv
30、e years.她在这儿工作五年了。He has been in the army for two years.他参军已经两年了。【拓展精析】在现在完成时中，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词通常用延续性动词。如：learn，be，work，know，keep，have等。【活学活用】4)What a nice bike！How long _ you it?Just for five weeks.(2015，营口模拟)Awill；buy Bdid；buyCare；having Dhave；had5)Our teachers are very friendly to us.We _ fri
31、ends since three years ago.Abecame Bhave beenCwere Dhave becomeDBhave/has been to，have/has gone to，have/has been in【典例在线】I have never been to a water park.我从来都没有去过水上公园。Wheres Kathy？凯西在哪里？Shes gone to Shanghai.她去上海了。He has been in Beijing for ten years.他在北京10年了。【拓展精析】have been to“曾经去过，人已经回来了”，常与ever或
32、never连用，也可与表示次数的词连用，表示“去过(某地)几次”。have gone to“去了”，在去某地的路上或已经在某地，人还未回来，只能用于第三人称。have been in“已经在(某地)”，常与一段时间连用。【活学活用】1)Where is Mr.Wang?He together with his students _ Zhuyuwan Park.(2015，朝阳模拟)Ahas gone to Bhave gone toChas been to Dhave been to2)I _ to Rongjiang last year.But I _ never _ to Congjian
33、g.Awent；have been Bwill go；have beenCwent；have gone Dgo；have goneAAsince，for【典例在线】My aunt has worked in a bank since 1992.自从1992年我姑姑就在一家银行工作。I have been in Beijing since I left home.自从离开家我就在北京了。Weve known each other for more than two years.我们认识两年多了。【拓展精析】现在完成时常和since及for引导的时间状语连用。since之后常接过去一个时间点(如具
34、体的年、月、日、钟点)；一段时间ago；从句(从句多用一般过去时)来说明动作起始时间。for之后常接时间段，说明某种情况已经持续了一段时间。句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词。现在完成时中，对一段时间提问，常用how long。【活学活用】3)How long have you lived in the new flat?_ 2012.(2015，铁岭模拟)AInBAfterCSinceDBefore4)Im looking after Tom today.Hes been in my house _ 8：00 this morning.(2015，沈阳模拟)Aat Bfor Csince Dtil
35、lCCdo with，deal with【典例在线】I dont know how they deal with the problem.I dont know what they do with the problem.我不知道他们是如何处理这个问题的。【拓展精析】两者都表示“处理”。但do with常和疑问词what连用；deal with常和疑问词how连用。【活学活用】5)Many students dont know how to _ stress and become worried.I think theyd better ask their teachers for help.
36、Aargue with Bdeal withCquarrel with Dcome up withB一、单项选择。1Nowadays _ of business letters are written in English.Atwo third Btwo thirdsCtwo three Dsecond three2Is Mr. Smith in Shanghai?Yes，he _ there several times.Ahas been Bhas goneChas been to Dhas gone to3Im sorry，Lucy.I _ your computer for such a
37、 long time.Never mind.(2015，锦州模拟)Ahave borrowed Bhave lentChave kept Dhave returnedBAC4Liu Ming，is that our headteacher over there?It cant be him.He _ Xiamen for a meeting.Ahas been to Bhas gone toChas been away Dhas gone5The famous writer _ a new book in the past two years.Ais writing Bwill writeCw
38、rites Dhas writtenBD二、根据所给中文完成句子翻译。6说实话，我不想和他们一起去看电影。(2016，预测)To _，I wouldnt like to go to the movies with them.7我们至少需要24小时来准备。(2015，阜新模拟)We need _ 24 hours to prepare.8另一方面，在新加坡你能提高你的英语。_，you can improve your English in Singapore.9他准时到达这里是没有任何问题的。He wont _ here on time.10几天之后，他离开了北京。After _ days，he
39、 left Beijing. be honestat leastOn the other handhave any problem arrivinga couple of写作典例之旅游与安全(一)(2014，营口)我们的家乡美丽富饶，人民善良淳朴，是旅游观光的胜地。请根据所给的信息向来自四海的宾朋介绍我们可爱的家乡！温馨提示：1根据表格所给内容，请做适当发挥，以“My hometown”为题写一篇短文。2书写工整、规范，语言表达准确，语意通顺、连贯，文中不得出现真实校名和姓名。3词数：6080词。文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。4参考词汇：seafood，be famous for，hardw
40、orking，hot springs，make a contribution to(为做贡献)【写作指导】作文的要求已给出，要写一篇介绍家乡的作文。作文除了包含给出的要点外，还需要自己充分发挥语言能力和想象力。作文应用一般现在时态和第一人称。【范文欣赏】My HometownWelcome_to_my_hometown.My_hometown lies in the east of Liaoning Province.Its near Bohai Bay，so the weather is neither too cold nor too hot.Its famous for many pop
41、ular sights，seafood and rice.If you come to my hometown，you may swim in the sea，climb the mountains，and you can also enjoy hot springs.At the same time，you can also taste all kinds of seafood and special snacks.The people here are very hardworking and friendly.In order to make my hometown more and m
42、ore beautiful，I must study very hard and make a contribution to my hometown.I love my hometown.(二)(2015，茂名)暑假期间，越来越多的外国人到中国旅游。请你用英语写一篇短文，向外国游客简单介绍一下中国的情况。内容包括：1对外国游客表示热烈欢迎；2中国地域辽阔，南北气候差别大；3旅游景点众多，高山大河，美丽如画；4人口最多，国家日益强大；5人民勤劳、善良，热爱和平。写作要求：1信息完整，内容合理。2句子结构准确，篇章结构连贯，词数不少于80。3文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【范文欣赏】Ladie
43、s and gentlemen，youre warmly welcome to China.Now let me tell you something about the country.China is so large that its climates are quite different from the north to the south.There are many wonderful scenic spots.The high mountains and long rivers are as beautiful as delightful pictures.China has the largest population in the world and she is becoming stronger and stronger.Chinese people love peace and they are kind and hardworking.Im sure you will have a good trip in the country.
