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1、名词名词技巧技巧借鉴借鉴任务任务阅读阅读针对针对训练训练课文课文点津点津妙笔妙笔生花生花写作写作范文范文写作写作指导指导尖子生语法探究尖子生语法探究尖子生语法探究尖子生语法探究theytheythese/these/thosethose课本课本链接链接七年级英语上 新目标 人 1.名词的概念:表示人或事物名称的词叫作名词。一、名一、名词 2.名词的分类:按名词表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。3.可数名词有单复数之分:表示一个人或事物时名词用单数;表示两个或两个以上的人或事物时名词用复数。4.名词变复数的规则如下:情况构成方法读音例词一般情况在词尾加 -s在清辅音后读/s/;在浊辅音和
2、元音后读/z/mapmapsbagbagsrulerrulers以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词在词尾加 -es读/z/busbusesboxboxeswatchwatchesbrushbrushes以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i,再加-es读/z/familyfamiliesdictionarydictionaries以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v再加 -es;少数单词只在词尾加 -s读/vz/或/fs/leafleavesknifeknivesroofroofs 名词单数变复数,直接加 -s占多数; s,x,ch,sh来结尾,直接加上 -es; 词尾是f或fe,加 -s之前先变ve;“辅母+
3、y”在词尾,把y变i再加 -es。knifeknives改变元音字母manmenwomanwomentoothteethfootfeet特殊记忆childchildren单复数形式相同sheepsheepdeerdeerfishfish以-ese或-ss结尾的表示某国人的名词单复数形式相同ChineseChineseJapaneseJapaneseSwissSwiss5. 名词变复数的不规则变化: (1)当名词作定语修饰另一个名词变复数时,通常只将第二个名词变为复数,第一个名词不变。an apple treeapple trees苹果树a banana treebanana trees香蕉树
4、(2)当作定语的名词为man或woman,变复数时,将两个名词均变为复数形式。a woman nursewomen nurses女护士a man doctormen doctors男医生返回返回(2)(2)表示情感、性质、运动、状表示情感、性质、运动、状态的词大多数是不可数名词态的词大多数是不可数名词, ,如如: :peace(peace(和平和平),love(),love(爱爱) )等等。6.6.不可数名词不可数名词: : (1)(1)液体、气体、食品等名液体、气体、食品等名词大多数是词大多数是不可数名词不可数名词, ,如如: :waterwater( (水水),),ink(ink(墨水墨水
5、),air(),air(空气空气) )等等。 1.they是代词,意思是“他们;她们;它们”。二、二、theythey的用法的用法 2.they是主格,为第三人称复数,在句中作主语,其后的be动词用are。 The children are at school.They study hard.孩子们在学校里。他们努力学习。 Where are your books? 你的书在哪儿? They are on the desk.它们在书桌上。 they are可以缩写为theyre,但对一般疑问句的肯定回答不能用缩写形式。返回返回Are these your grandparents? 这是你的祖
6、父母吗?Yes,theythey are. are.是的,他们是。三、these和those的用法 1.these是指示代词,意思是“这些”,指时间或空间上较近的人和物。these既可单独使用,又可与复数名词连用。these作主语时,be动词使用复数形式are。These people areare my friends.这些人是我的朋友。These areare yours.They are are here.这些是你的。它们在这儿。 2.those是指示代词,意思是“那些”,指时间或空间上较远的人和物。those既可单独使用,又可与复数名词连用。those作主语时,be动词使用复数形式ar
7、e。Those people in the car are his brothers and sisters.车里的那些人是他的兄弟姐妹。Those are my books.They are over there.那些是我的书。它们在那边。 these和 those所指的人或物再次被提及时要用 they替代。返回返回What are these? 这些是什么?Theyre apples.它们是苹果。.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Look at those (boy).2.They are (watch).3.Her uncles sons are her (cousin).boyboys sw
8、atchwatchesescousincousins s4.What are these?are pens.5.Tom and Mike are good friends.are in the same class.6.Mr.and Mrs.Brown are my grandparents.like me very much.用适当的代词填空TheyTheyTheyTheyTheyThey7.(这些) English books are Toms.8.(他们) are my good friends.9.What are (那些)?Theyre my pictures.10.Are (它们)
9、 dogs?Yes,they are.根据汉语提示完成句子TheseTheseTheyTheythosethosetheythey11.(2015安顺中考) Here are some .Do you like?A.oranges,them B.orange,itC.oranges,they D.oranges,their A提示:考查名词和代词的用法。句意为“这儿有一些橘子。你喜欢它们吗?”Here are some意为“这儿有一些”,后接可数名词的复数形式。指代名词复数oranges用they或them,此处作动词like的宾语,用代词的宾格them,故选A。.单项填空B 提示:考查名词复
10、数。women teachers女教师,故选B。12.(遵义中考)All the in our school enjoyed themselves on March 8th because it was their own (自己的) holiday.A.men teachersB.women teachersC.woman teacher13.Who are men?They are our teachers.A.thisB.thatC.thoseD.itC提示:考查指示代词的用法。根据主谓一致的原则,且由答语中They可知,故选C。 A提示:考查名词辨析。句意为“我有一些伦敦的照片”,故选
11、A。14. I have (有) some of London.A.pictures B.photo C.picture D.photoes C 提示:指代your pens使用代词they。返回返回15.Are these your pens?No, arent.A.these B.those C.they D.this读有关谈论家人及朋友的主题的文章This is my friend Jim Green.He has a big family.This is his grandfather.His name is Jeff Green.This is his grandmother.Her
12、 name is Jane Green.They have a son and a daughter.They are Earl and Jenny.Earl is Jims father.Jenny is his aunt.She is Jacks mother.Jack is Jims cousin.These are Jims sisters,Christie and Carina.【词汇积累】big 大的返回返回 本单元的阅读内容以“谈论家人及朋友”为主题。在阅读此类文章时,要理清脉络,最好是自己边读边画一个简单的family tree(家谱),这样有助于掌握人物之间的关系,便于理顺文
13、章所涉及的人物之间的关系。返回返回 针对本单元Section B 2b的内容回答下列问题1.Who are in the first photo?2.What are Jennys parents names?Jennys grandparents and parents. Alan and Mary.3.Where (在哪儿) are Jennys brothers?4.Is Helen Jennys sister?5.What is the name of Jennys dog?返回返回In the next In the next picture.picture.No,sheNo,she
14、 isn isnt.t.Coco.Coco.假如你是Jim,请根据下面提供的信息,介绍一下自己及你的家人。如何介绍自己的家庭Name:JimFather:JeffMother:AliceSister:Mary参考词汇:love 喜欢;very much非常自我介绍介绍家人表达感情【思路点拨】My name is Jim.My parents love my sister and me very much.I love them,too.Alice is my mother.Jeff is my father.1.我的妈妈_2.她的名字_3.我的父母_4.我的名字_【重点词汇】写出下列短语my
15、namemy namemy parentsmy parentsher nameher namemy mothermy mother【重点句型重点句型】根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子1.我是一个男孩。 a boy.2.我有一个妹妹。I a .3.这是我的全家福。Here my .I amI amhavehavesistersisterisisfamily photo family photo name isHere is a photo ofHere is my familyThis isThat is【单元参考句型】返回返回 My name is Jim.I am a boy.Ali
16、ce is my mother.Jeff is my father.I have a sister.Her name is Mary.My parents love my sister and me very much.I love them,too. 文章从“我”入手,逐步介绍了自己、父母和妹妹,层次清晰,人称准确,结尾两句句式变换准确,显示了作者扎实的语言功底。【名师点评】返回返回 本单元的写作项目是根据实际情况介绍自己的家庭。写此类文章时需注意以下几点: 2.也可适当描写家人的兴趣、爱好、与本人的关系等内容。 1.写作时可介绍家人的姓名、年龄、工作等个人特征;返回返回My name is
17、 Tony.Im ten.Look! Heres my family photo.These are my grandparents,Jean Green and Harry Green.Those are my parents.My mothers name is Lisa Green.My fathers name is Peter Green.And those are my uncle and aunt,Paul Green and Ann根据短文内容完成句子Green.Thats my sister,Emma.She has a dog.Its name is Ah Mai.This
18、 is my cousin,Tommy.【词汇积累】look看has 有its name它的名字1.Lisa is Tonys .2.Peter and Lisa are Tony and Emmas .3.Paul is Emmas .mothermotherparentsparentsuncleuncle返回返回4.Tommy is Tonys .5.Ah Mai is a .6.Harry is Tommy and Tonys .7.Ann is Harrys .8.Peter and Paul are .9.Emma is Tonys .10.Ann is Emmas .cousincousindogdoggrandfathergrandfatherdaughterdaughterbrothersbrotherssistersisterauntaunt
