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1、Unit 4Wildlife protection1contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍包含；容纳；容忍Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol.威士忌的酒精含量极高。The hall can contain two hundred people.大厅可以容纳200人。She was unable to contain her excitement.她无法抑制内心的激动。上一页上一页上一页上一页(1)contain是“包含”的意思，指含有什么成分，也指一种东西内含有另外一种东西，表示包含所含之物的全部或部分。The speech contai
2、ned some interesting ideas.这个演讲含有一些有趣的思想。contain/include (2)include是“包括”的意思，是整体与部分的关系。include常以including和included的形式出现在短语中。He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.他在演讲中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。His school bag contains a lot of books，including a cartoon book.他的书包里有许多书，包括一本漫画书。学以致用(单项填空)Veget
3、ables _ many kinds of vitamins and many other useful materials.So we must eat them _. (2010临高二中月考)Ainclude；every day Bcontain；everydayCincluding；every day Dcontain；every day上一页上一页上一页上一页【解析解析】句意：蔬菜含有各种维生素和许多其他有用的物质，所以我们必须每天都要吃。contain表示“含有某种物质”；include侧重指组成的一部分。everyday为形容词，every day为副词。根据句意应选D。【答案答案
4、】D2. affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭影响；感动；侵袭The tax increases have affected us all.加税已经影响了我们所有的人。The audience was deeply affected.听众被深深地感动了。The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight.这种病逐渐侵袭到她的视力。上一页上一页affect/effect/influence作为动词，三者都含有“影响”的意思。(1)affect 指产生的影响之大足以引起反应，着重“影响”的动作， 有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思。This article
5、 will affect my thinking.这篇文章将会影响我的思想。上一页上一页(2)effect 指“实现；达成”，着重指“造成”一种特殊的效果。This book effected a change in my opinion.这本书使我的看法起了变化。(3)influence 指通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的，潜移默化的影响。Influenced by a highschool biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.受到一位中学生物教师的影响， 他从事医学研究。 上一页上一页上一页上一页学以致用学
6、以致用(单项填空)Maya _ me deeply when I read her writing, but she touches me most of all when I hear her speak.Acontrols BaffectsCamuses Dconfuses【解析解析】句意：我读到马雅的作品时，深受感动，但是最打动我的是听她演讲时。affect“影响；感动”，符合句意。control“控制”；amuse“娱乐”；confuse“迷惑”。【答案答案】B上一页上一页3. appreciate vt. 鉴赏；感激；意识到鉴赏；感激；意识到You cant appreciate E
7、nglish poetry unless you understand its rhythm.你若不懂英文诗韵律， 就无法欣赏英文诗。I appreciate your help very much.我非常感谢你的帮助。I really appreciate the danger of this job.我真的认识到了这份工作的危险。上一页上一页appreciaten./pron./doing 感激(欣赏；觉得；感谢)appreciate itif从句 感激 上一页上一页上一页上一页(1)appreciate后不接不定式。Her abilities are not fully apprecia
8、ted by her employer.她的才干未得到雇主的充分赏识。(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语(注意：这与thank的用法恰恰相反)。We shall appreciate hearing from you again.能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it。I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down.如果你把音乐关小一些，我将不胜感激。Did you enjoy yourself last night?Yes, its ver
9、y nice of you.I appreciated _ to the party. (2011杭州月考)Ato be invited Bto have invitedChaving been invited Dhaving invited学以致用学以致用(单项填空)上一页上一页【解析解析】句意：你昨晚过得愉快吗？是的，非常感谢。谢谢你邀请我参加这个聚会。appreciate后动词的-ing形式，根据句意应用被动结构，故选C。【答案答案】C上一页上一页4. succeed vi.成功成功 vt.接替；继任接替；继任We feel that we have largely succeeded
10、in our aims.我们觉得我们已经基本上实现了目标。He would succeed Hawke as Prime Minister.他将接替霍克成为首相。If he has no children, who will succeed?如果他没有孩子， 谁将继位？上一页上一页succeed in 在获得成功succeed sb.as 继某人出任(某职)succeed sb.in 继某人接掌(某职权)；袭某人爵位官衔succeed to 继承succeed with 在上获得成功上一页上一页He succeeded to his fathers kingdom.他继承了父亲的王国。上一页上
11、一页succeed表示“继承”的意思时，其名词、形容词形式为 succession, successive；表示“成功”的意思时，其名词、形容词形式为 success, successful。上一页上一页上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded _landing on the moon?Awhen；on Bthat；on Cthat；in Dthen；in 【解析解析】 句意：句意：是不是在1969年美国宇航员成功登陆月球？第一空构成强调句型，故选that；succeed in doing sth.为固定
12、搭配。故选C。【答案答案】C上一页上一页5. employ vt.雇用；利用雇用；利用( (时间、精力等时间、精力等) )How many workmen do you employ at your factory?你们厂雇用多少工人？Why didnt you employ the new method?你们为什么不采用新方法呢？She employs her time wisely.她善于利用时间。上一页上一页employ oneself inbe employed in doing sth. 从事于； 时间花在做某事上employ.as 把用作；雇用某人作employ sb.to do
13、sth. 雇用某人做某事上一页上一页Will and Joe were busily employed in clearing the yard.威尔和乔正忙于清理院子。上一页上一页employ n 雇用；受雇in the employ of 受雇用in sb.s employ 受雇用out of employ 失业 上一页上一页上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)_ in gardening and volunteering work, Mrs Black leads a busy and rich life at her old age.AEmploying BEmployedCTo empl
14、oy DBeing employed上一页上一页【解析】句意：忙于园艺和志愿者工作，布莱克太太在晚年过着忙碌而充实的生活。be employed in“忙于做某事；从事于”，这里用过去分词短语作状语。故答案为B。【答案】B6harm n& vt. 损害；危害损害；危害Her film was a complete failure, and this did her reputation a lot of harm.她这部电影是彻底的失败了， 使她的名声受到很大的损害。Smoking harms our health.吸烟有害健康。I have never harmed anyone.我从没伤害
15、过任何人。上一页上一页上一页上一页come to (no)harm (没有)受到损害； (没有)遭到不幸do no harm 无害do sb./sth.harm do harm to sb./sth. 对有害mean no harm 没有恶意no harm done 没有人受到伤害;一切平安无事out of harms way 脱险；在安全的地方do more harm than good (非有意地)使情况恶化而 不是好 转； 成事不足，败事有余He means no harm by saying what he thinks, but people tend to be upset by
16、it.他想到什么就说什么， 并无恶意， 但人们听了心里总是不舒服。上一页上一页上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)She rode so fast that she fell off her bike but came to no _.But she shouldnt have.Aharm Bdestruction Cruin Dwound【解析】她骑车这么快以致于从车上掉了下来，但没受伤。但她本不该骑那么快。come to no harm为固定搭配，意为“没有受到损害”。故答案为A。【答案】A上一页上一页7inspect vt.检查；视察Police inspected the scene an
17、d interviewed all the staff.警察查看了现场并询问了所有的员工。Public health officals were called in to inspect the building.公共卫生官员奉召来视察了建筑物。上一页上一页(1)inspect指检查时注意细节的审视。The teacher walked around inspecting the students work.老师走来走去检查学生们的作业。(2)examine指通过仔细地检查来找出缺点或漏洞。The builder has been examining the wall for cracks.建
18、造者一直在仔细地检查墙是否有裂缝。(3)check指检验或测试某事物的准确度或真假以确保某事物正确、安全或处于良好的状态。Please check the broken light switch.请检查一下这个坏了的灯的开关。inspect/examine/check上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)Sometimes the police are not absolutely sure that someone has committed a crime, but _ him of having done it.Acharge Bsuspect Cinspect Ddoubt上一页上一页【解析
19、】句意：有时警察不能非常确定某人犯罪，但怀疑他做了。suspect“怀疑”，后可接sb.of doing sth.，意为“怀疑某人做了某事”，符合句意。charge“指控”；inspect“检查”；doubt“怀疑”，但后面不能接sb.of sth.的结构。【答案】B上一页上一页8die out 灭亡；逐渐消失灭亡；逐渐消失Pandas are facing the danger of dying out.熊猫面临灭绝的危险。That style of music died out ten years ago.那种风格的音乐10年前就消失了。上一页上一页die into 逐渐变成die awa
20、y (声音；怒火等)渐渐消失；渐息；假死die down 逐渐消失die off 相继死去；先后死去 上一页上一页His anger died away.(He was not angry.)他的怒火消失了。His anger died down a little bit.(He was still angry.)他的怒火减少了许多上一页上一页上一页上一页die为不及物动词，不用于被动语态，不与表一段时间的词连用；dead为形容词，表状态，可与表一段时间的词连用；deadly为形容词，意为“致命的”。学以致用(单项填空)Smallpox, a kind of disease, has now
21、died_.Aout Baway Coff Ddown【解析解析】句意：天花作为一种疾病，现在已经灭绝了。die out“灭绝；消失”，符合句意。【答案答案】A上一页上一页9come into being 形成；产生形成；产生We do not know when the universe came into being. 我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。Thus the Great Wall came into being.这样长城就形成了。Such a custom came into being long ago.这种风俗很久以前就有了。上一页上一页come into action 开始行动
22、 come into blossom 开花come into effect 生效 come into fashion 开始流行come into office 就职 come into power 当权come into season 正当时令come into sight/view 在视野内come into use 开始使用 上一页上一页come into being 是不及物动词短语，无被动形式，不用于进行时态。 上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)No one knows when exactly the lake _.Atook its place Bcame into beingCha
23、ppened Dcame over上一页上一页【解析】句意：没人确切知道这个湖泊是何时形成的。B项符合句意。take.place“取代”；happen“发生”；come over“过来；顺便来访”。【答案】B上一页上一页10in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危在危险中；垂危The sick man is in danger of death.这位病人有死亡的危险。You are in danger of catching a cold.你有患感冒的危险。上一页上一页上一页上一页类似的“in名词of”短语还有：in behalf of 代表；为了的利益in defence of 保卫；为
24、辩护in favour of 赞成；有利于 in fear of 担心；害怕 in honour of 为了纪念；对表示敬意in memory of 为了纪念 in place of 代替 in possession of 占有；拥有 in need of 需要 in search of 寻找；寻求 in sight of 能看得见；在看得见的地方in support of 支持；支援 上一页上一页They held a state funeral in honour of the statesman.他们为这位政治家举行了国葬。A scientist must produce evidenc
25、e in support of his theory.科学家必须提出证据以支持其理论。上一页上一页学以致用(单项填空)With the flood drawing near, all the buildings around are _.Adangerous Bin dangerCin the danger Dat danger上一页上一页【解析】句意：句意：由于洪水逼近，周围所有的建筑都处于危险中。表示“在危险之中”，用in danger。dangerous是形容词，表示“危险的”，指带来或导致危险，本题的主语是buildings，带来危险的是洪水，而不是建筑物，故用in danger。C、
26、D两项搭配不正确。【答案】B上一页上一页11.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前恐龙就在地千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多 long before相当于long long ago，意为“很久以前”，常用于过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语，before后面可以跟从句。 I had waited there long before he arrived.他来之前我在那已等了很久。 The st
27、ory had happened long before.这个故事发生在很久以前。上一页上一页上一页上一页(1)before long相当于soon或a little later，意为“不久；不 久以后”，常与将来时、过去时态连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接加从句。The dictionary will be published before long.这本词典不久就要出版。 (2)It is/was not long before从句，意为“不久就”。 It will not be long before从句，意为“过不了多久就”。 (主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时)(3)It will
28、be long before从句，意为“要过很久才”。学以致用学以致用(单项填空)He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work. (2011宝应中学调研)Awhen Bbefore Csince Dthat上一页上一页【解析】 句意：他被告知要至少3个月后他才能复原，重新工作。由“Itbe时间段before从句”的结构，可知此处用before。句式“It is/has been时间段since从句”，表示“自从以来已有”。【答案】B上一页上一页同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
