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1、DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;直接引语直接引语用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来，引号引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个_。宾语从句宾语从句DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechShesaid,“Ilikesinging.”Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.”Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.”Shes
2、aid,“IhavenevermetanAmerican.”Shesaid,“Iwillseeyounextweek.”Shesaidshelikedsinging.Shesaidshewaswaitingforabus.ShesaidshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore.ShesaidshehadnevermetanAmerican.Shesaidshewouldseemethenextweek.SUMMARY直直接接引引语语是是陈陈述述句句,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时用用连连词词that引引导导宾宾语语从从句句.从从句句中中的的人人称称,时时态态,指指示示代代
3、词词,时时间间状状语语,地点状语地点状语等相应变化等相应变化.直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.注注:直直接接引引语语若若是是客客观观真真理理,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时,时态不变时态不变. 直接引语直接引语
4、 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时间间状状语语地点状语地点状语方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today thatdaythisweek thatweekyesterday thedaybefore lastweek theweekbefore fourdaysago fourdaysbefore thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore tomorrowthe next day/ thefollowingdaynextmonth thenextmonth/thefollowingmonthhere
5、therecome, go,bringtake DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechSheasked,“Haveyouseenthefilm?”Sheasked,“Haveyouseenthefilm?”SheaskedmewhetherifIhadseenthefilm.Heasks,“Areyouadoctor,John?”HeasksJohnifwhetherheisadoctor.Sheaskedus,“Whereareyougoingtogetoff?”Sheaskedus,“Whereareyougoingtogetoff?”Sheaskeduswherewewer
6、egoingtogetoff.Heaskedthem,“Whogaveyouatalkyesterday?”Heaskedthemwhohadgiventhematalkthedaybefore.SUMMARY直直接接引引语语是是一一般般疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时,用用连连词词if或或whether连接。连接。直直接接引引语语是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时,仍仍用用原原来来的的疑问词疑问词作连词来引导。作连词来引导。解题步骤解题步骤: : 1.1.陈述句陈述句: :“Idontlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.Sa
7、rahsaidtoherfriends that Idontlikecomputers.saiddidntsheSarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidntlikecomputers.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.askediswasTheyaskedhimif itwaseasytoimp
8、rovetheconditionofthesoil.3.特殊疑问句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheatyou harvestthewheat.heheharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenhe harvestedthewheat.Tod said, “ There isnt any trouble and Im waiting for my change (零钱)”Tod said (that) there wasnt any trouble and that he wa
9、s waiting for his change.! 注意: 当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时,仅能省略第一个that, 其余的不能省略.1.Hesaid:“Iveleftmypeninmyroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.2.Shesaid:“Hewillbebusy.”复习复习(把下列直接引语改为间接引语把下列直接引语改为间接引语)SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher.3.ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”1.陈述句的间接引语陈述句
10、的间接引语连接词用连接词用that,在在口语中可省略。引述动词用口语中可省略。引述动词用said,told,等。等。例如：例如：Hesaid:“Iveleftmybookinmyroom.”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom. 复习规律复习规律2.疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用词用if或或whether，而引述选择疑问句时而引述选择疑问句时只能用只能用whether，引述动词用引述动词用asked，没，没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me,him等。等。例如：例如：Shesaidto
11、Tom,“Canyouhelpme?”SheaskedTomif/whetherhecouldhelpher. 3.特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：词，改为陈述语序。例如： TheteacheraskedmehowIhadrepairedit. Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?”4.如何如何变时态：直接引直接引语间接引接引语一般一般现在时现在时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时
12、过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时如：如：1)Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”Shesaidshehadlostapen.2)Shesaid.“Wehopeso.”Shesaidtheyhopedso.3)Shesaid.“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.但要注意在以下几种情况下。在但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引直接引语变为间接引接引语时，时态一般不一般不变化。化。(1)直接引直接引语是客是客观真理。真理。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthem
13、oonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.(2)直接引直接引语中有具体的中有具体的过去某年、某月、去某年、某月、某日作状某日作状语，变为间接引接引语时,时态不不变。XiaoWangsaid.“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.(3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的现的, ,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍
14、然习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的存在的, ,变间接引语时，时态保持不变。变间接引语时，时态保持不变。 Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”Theboytoldusheusuallygetsupatsixeveryday.(4).若直接引语中含有若直接引语中含有when,since,while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句句,变间接引语时变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：从句时态不变。如：Shesaid,“IwenttherewhenIwassixyearsold.”Shesaidshehadgonetherewh
15、enshewassixyearsold.(5).若直接引语的谓语中含有若直接引语的谓语中含有would,should,might,must,usedto,oughtto,hadbetter等动词时。如：等动词时。如：Shesaid,“Weshouldhelpeachother.”Shesaidweshouldhelpeachother.1.“Pleaseclosethewindow,”hesaidtome.He_me_thewindow.A.saidto;tocloseB.toldto;closingC.asked;tocloseD.saidto;pleaseclose练一练练一练2.Hesa
16、id,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;dontdoC.toldme;dontdoD.toldme;nottodo3.“Dontputitonmyhat.”hiswifesaidtohim.Hiswifetoldhim_putiton_hat.A.dont,hisB.dont,herC.notto,hisD.notto,her4.RoseaskedTom,“Didyouseemypurse?”RoseaskedTom_.A.whetherthathehadseenherpurseB.whetherhehadseenherpurseC.thatwhetherhehadseenherpurseD.thatifhehasseenherpurse5.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatwasthematter
