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1、英语英语人人 教教 版版精精 准准 高高 考考必修五必修五第一部分Unit 1Great scientists1 1主主 干干 知知 识识2 2考考 点点 探探 究究3 3课课 堂堂 达达 标标4 4复复 习习 练练 案案主主 干干 知知 识识. 单词分类巧记A阅读词汇认一认1characteristic n _ 2physician n _ 3infect vt. _ 4investigate vt. & vi. _ 5revolutionary adj. _ 特征；特性医生；内科医师传染；感染调查革命的；重大变革的B高频词汇写一写1 _ vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心2 _ vt. 照顾；护理
2、；出席；参加3 _ vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃4 _ adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的5 _ adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的6 _ n柄；把手vt. 处理；操纵7 _ vt. 责备；谴责n过失；责备8 _ vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n失败9 _ vt. 认为；怀疑n被怀疑者；嫌疑犯10 _ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光absorbattendrejectseverepositivehandleblamedefeatsuspectexposeC核心词汇链一链1 _ n科学 _ adj. 科学的 _ n科学家2 _ vt. & vi. 结束；推断出 _ n结论；结束3 _ n热情；热心 _ adj
3、. 热情的；热心的4 _ n小心，谨慎；警告 _ adj. 小心的；谨慎的5 _ vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助 _ n捐献；贡献6 _ n挑战vt. 向挑战 _ adj. 具有挑战性的sciencescientificscientistconcludeconclusionenthusiasmenthusiasticcautioncautiouscontributecontributionchallengechallenging7 _ vt. 污染；弄脏 _ n污染 _ adj. 受污染的8 _ vt. 宣布；宣告 _ n广播员；宣告者 _ n宣布；宣告9 _ vt. 命令；指示；教导
4、_ n说明；传授 _ n指导者；教员；指导书10 _ vt. 建设；修建 _ n建设；建筑物 _ n建设者；设计者；运营商pollutepollutionpollutedannounceannouncerannouncementinstructinstructioninstructorconstructconstructionconstructerD写作词汇用一用1I want to be a _ to discover a _ breakthrough to save peoples lives. (science)2It is important to follow _ from your
5、 _ when youre skiing on the slopes. (instruct)3The _ dressed in official clothes _ the _ from the government yesterday. (announce)scientistscientificinstructionsinstructorannouncerannouncedannouncement4The workers are _ the bridge damaged by the flood, and the bridge under _ connects the road with t
6、he town. (construct)5The first lady Peng Liyuan has _ a lot of money to the school and she has made a great _ to education. (contribute)constructingconstructioncontributedcontribution. 短语语境速记A常考短语默写1 _ 调查2 _ 提出3 _ 对严格4 _ 应受谴责/责备5 _ 讲得通；有意义look intoput forwardbe strict with. . . be to blamemake sense
7、6 _ 除之外；此外7 _ 得出结论8 _ 导致；通向9 _ 使显露；暴露10 _ 将和联系或连接起来apart fromdraw a conclusionlead toexpose. . . tolink. . . to. . . B短语语境填空1Eating too much fat can _ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. 2We must _ our students while we should give them love and care as well. 3I wrote a letter of complaint,
8、 and the manager has promised to _ the matter. 4The spokesman said that the poor safety standards _ for last Sundays accident. lead tobe strict withlook intowere to blame5Though David talked about the origins of the universe，I didnt think what he said _. 6We cant _ without having a wide investigatio
9、n into this matter. 7Everyone is supposed to _ some suggestions on how to improve our environment at the meeting. 8 _ English class, I took an active part in English Corner and other afterclass English activities，which benefit me a lot.made sensedraw a conclusionput forwardApart from. 词语高效积累1“照看/照顾某
10、人”的多种表达attend (to/on/upon) sb. care for sb. take care of sb. look after sb. 2表示“观点；态度”的高频形容词荟萃positive积极的subjective主观的neutral中立的objective客观的negative消极的critical批评的doubtful怀疑的approving满意的3单复数意义不同的常见名词instruction命令；传授/instructions用法说明书；操作指南brain脑力，智慧/brains脑髓custom风俗/customs海关good善行，利益/goods货物pain痛苦/pa
11、ins辛苦，努力time时间/times时代4动词n. toexpose. . . to使显露；暴露add. . . to增添；增加compare. . . to. . . 把比作devote. . . to把奉献于supply. . . to供应给link. . . to. . . 将和联系/连接起来. 佳句填空完形1So many thousands of _ (terrify)people died every time there was _ outbreak. 每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。2It seemed that the water _. 看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮
12、用水了。3Only _ you put the sun there _ the movements of other planets in the sky _. 只有当你把太阳放在中心的位置上，天空中其他行星的位置才说得清。terrifiedanwas to blameifdidmake sense4He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets _ (go)round it and only the moon still going round _ earth. 他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上
13、，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。5Many retired people can still _ society with _ rich experience. 许多退休的老人还能用他们丰富的经验为社会作贡献。goingthecontribute totheir. 语法过关演练过去分词作定语和表语1Children above 16 are encouraged to take part in these activities specially _ (design) for them. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：16岁以上的孩子应参加一些专门为他们设计的活动。activi
14、ties与design之间为被动关系，因此用designed作后置定语。designed2The jobless rate remains _ (stick) at 9. 6 percent, and the president says more work is needed. 解析：考查过去分词作表语。句意为：失业率仍然停留在9. 6%，总统表示，还需要更多的努力。此处为过去分词作表语，remain为系动词。注意stuck已经形容词化，表示“卡住的，无法移动的，动不了的”。3Ang Lees new film Life of Pi is based on a fantasy adventu
15、re novel by Yann Martel _ (publish) in 2001. 解析：考查非谓语动词。题干中的a fantasy adventure novel与publish之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词published作后置定语表示完成和被动之意，相当于定语从句that/which was published。stuckpublished4A special dance _ (call) horse dance becomes so hot that many famous people cant help copying that. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：一种
16、被叫做骑马舞的特殊舞蹈变得如此流行，以至于许多名人都情不自禁地去模仿它。call与A special dance之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用call的过去分词形式，另外“ _ horse dance”可以转化为定语从句“which/that is called horse dance”。5The county, _ (locate) in the north of Shanxi, has a history of more than 1,400 years. 解析：本题考查过去分词作定语。此处应用过去分词短语作定语，修饰The county。calledlocated考考 点点 探探 究究1a
17、ttend vt. 出席；参加；照顾；护理归纳拓展attend school/church/a lecture/a meeting/a wedding/a party上学/去教堂/听演讲/出席会议/出席婚礼/参加晚会attend (to/on/upon) sb. 照顾/护理某人；接待某人attend to sth. (see to sth. deal with sth. )处理某事高 频 单 词完成句子。I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain _ during the vacation. 我是一名中国学生，我打算在假期去英国参加一
18、个暑期学习班。She was praised for having _ her sick motherinlaw for over thirty years. 她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人们的称赞。I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent thing _. 今晚我不能与你一起外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。to attend a summer schoolattended on/upon/toto attend to2expose vt. 揭露；暴露；使遭受；使曝光归纳拓展expose. . . to. . . 使暴露于/
19、遭受(be)exposed to. . . 暴露于；处于危险中expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触到某物温馨提示在expose. . . to. . . 和(be)exposed to结构中，to为介词，其后要用名词、代词或动名词。介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空Nowadays we are often exposed _ all kinds of advertisements. 如今，我们经常接触各种各样的广告。If _ (expose)to the outside surroundings，theyll be stronge
20、r and better prepared for their future. 如果暴露于外部的环境，他们将变得更加强壮并能为未来做好准备。It is generally believed that _ (expose) to radiation is rather dangerous. 普遍认为暴露在辐射环境里会很危险。toexposedbeing exposed3absorb vt. 吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引(注意)；使专心归纳拓展absorb sth. 吸收(光、热等)absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意力absorb . . . into . . . 把吸入/并
21、入be absorbed in . . . 全神贯注于；专心致志于巧学助记(1)写出下列句中absorb的含义When condors (神鹰) eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. (2016北京) _While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像)(2015广东) _The movement and noise of the machines absorbed h
22、im completely. _ Jump with your knees bent, so they absorb less impact. _吸收理解吸引缓冲(2)单句语法填空A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was _ (absorb) in his reading. (2015福建)Charles CMann has produced a book that is attractively written and really _ (absorb)(3)翻译句子。由于专注他的工作，他都
23、没听见有人进来。 _她坐在椅子上专注地看书。 _absorbedabsorbingAbsorbed in his work, he didnt hear people come in. She sat on the chair, absorbed in her book. 4blame vt. 指责；责怪；归咎于n责备；责任；过失归纳拓展(1)blame sb. for sth. 因某事而责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上sb. be to blame(for. . . )某人应承担()责任；该(因)受责备(2)put/lay the blame(for sth.
24、)on sb. /sth. (把某事)归咎于某人/某事take/bear the blame for承担(对坏事应负的)责任温馨提示表示某人该受责备时，常用主动形式be to blame表示被动意义。单句语法填空。She blamed her husband _ the failure of their marriage. She blamed the failure of their marriage _ her husband. 她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。Dont always blame your own failure _ others. Sometimes you yourself
25、 are _ (blame)不要总把失败归咎于他人，有时该怪你自己。 _ (blame) for the breakdown of the computer systems, he was in low spirits. 因电脑系统发生故障受到责备，他情绪低落。forononto blameBlamed5defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫归纳拓展辨析defeat/beat/beat/win词汇词汇用法用法defeat侧重指在战场上打败敌人，其宾语为侧重指在战场上打败敌人，其宾语为“人人”或或“一个团体一个团体”beat可与可与defeat互换，常用于游戏或比赛中互换，常用于游戏或比赛中w
26、in尤指在竞争中获胜，其宾语多为尤指在竞争中获胜，其宾语多为game, war, battle, prize等词，不能是人等词，不能是人选词填空(defeat, beat, win)。Having been _ twice this year, we wont give it up. No difficulty could _ this brave man since he is so confident and capable. Which team do you think will _ the game?defeatedbeatwin6cure n治愈；疗法vt. 治愈；治疗归纳拓展cu
27、re sb. of sth. 治好某人的(疾病/坏习惯等)a cure for sth. 治疗的方法完成句子。We found a new _ H7H9 virus and many patients were _ this severe disease. 我们发现了H7H9病毒的新疗法，许多病人都被治好了。cure forcured of7link vt. 连接n联系归纳拓展link . . . to . . . 把与连起来类似表达方式：be related to, be connected with, be associated with完成句子。After the investigati
28、on, the police _. 经过调查，警方把这起事故与超速驾驶联系起来)。What puzzles us most is that the two accidents _. 令我们最困惑的是这两起事故密切相关。The police suspected that _ between the two murders. 警方怀疑这两起谋杀案可能有联系。linked the accident to speed drivingare closely linked togetherthere may be a link8contribute vt. & vi. 捐款；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿归纳拓展
29、(1)contribute. . . to. . . 为捐献；投稿contribute to有助于；促进；导致；对做贡献(2)contribution n贡献，捐献make a contribution/contributions to/towards. . . 为做贡献单句语法填空。If you want to contribute _ our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline. (2015新课标全国卷书面表达)如果你想给我们的报社投稿，请在截止日期之前把你的文章发给我。I admire Edison a lo
30、t because of his great _ (contribute) to the world. 我因为爱迪生对世界的巨大贡献而非常钦佩他。tocontributionsThe number of foreign tourists to visit US is expected to be more than 3 million by 2017， _ (contribute) 16 billion dollars to the US economy. 到2017年，到美国参观的游客有望达到三百万，能给美国的经济贡献一百六十亿美元。Everyone should make a contri
31、bution to _ (protect) the environment. 每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。contributingprotecting1put forward提出(建议等)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨归纳拓展put aside节省；储蓄；储存；留出put away放好；积蓄put off延期；推迟put on weight增重；发福put out扑灭put down写下；记下put up举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put up with容忍；忍受重 点 短 语(1)写出下列句中put forward的含义I tend to accept any idea put forw
32、ard by experts on TV. _You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes. _They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. _I think he is fit for the position；therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate. _提出拨快将提前推荐(2)用以上短语的适当形式填空。The kitchen caught fire. Tom suggested that they shoul
33、d call firefighters to help _ the fire. However, his mother, who _ recently, said Toms plan may be _ ， because they could handle the problem by themselves. Therefore, they _ their fireprotection suits, _ the quilt and cover the fire. To their surprise, some firemen appeared at his house. A neighbor
34、couldnt _ the heavy smoke and telephoned 119. put outhad put on weightput offput onput upput up with2make sense讲得通；有意义归纳拓展(1)make no sense没道理；没意义make sense of理解；明白(2)a sense of humor/duty/beauty/direction/responsibility/success幽默感/责任感/美感/方向感/责任感/成就感common sense常识in a/one sense在某种意义上；在一定程度上There is n
35、o sense(point)in doing sth. 做某事无意义完成句子。This sentence just doesnt _ ， no matter how you read it. 无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。Planning so far ahead _so many things will have changed by next year. 提前这么久做计划没有意义到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。make sensemakes no senseDogs _ and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquak
36、e. 狗有很好的嗅觉，经常被用于搜寻地震中的幸存者。As far as Im concerned, there is no sense _ upset about it now. 就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。have a very good sense of smellin getting3be strict with对严格的归纳拓展be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求be strict in sth. /in doing sth. 对(做)某事严格要求类似表达方式：be angry with sb. 生某人的气be angry at/about sth. 因某事而生
37、气be tired of厌恶；厌倦be tired with/from因而疲倦be good at擅长be good for对有益be late for迟到be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻be hard at work勤奋工作在短文中的空格内填入适当的词。Our monitor, Li Ming, healthy and lively, does well in all subjects. She is fond of sports and is _ at singing and dancing. When she first came to school, she had quite
38、 a lot of difficulties with the English language, so she worked _at it. She was active in class and did a lot of practice after class. With great efforts she has now made much progress in English study. Li Ming is strict with herself and _ her work and daily life. She is never _ for school, nor is s
39、he _ of her duty as a monitor. She is _ to every classmate and always ready to help others. She sets us all a good example. goodhardinlatetiredgood/kind重 点 句 型1So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次暴发霍乱时，都有成千上万的惊恐的老百姓病死。本句中的every time意为“每次”，作连词，引导时间状语从句。归纳拓展名
40、词词组the first time, last time, each time, the moment, the instant, the minute, the day等均可作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。选词填空(the moment, every time, the first time)。I was so tired that I fell asleep _ my head touched the pillow. I made a lot of spelling mistakes _ I wrote an English composition. Dont stop to look it
41、 up in the dictionary _ you come across an unknown word while reading. the momentthe first timeevery time2Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。本句中的neither . . . nor . . . 连接两个并列成分。归纳拓展neither . . . nor . . . 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则。类似的还有：not only . . . but also . . .
42、 , either . . . or . . . , not . . . but . . . 等。单句语法填空。Neither the players nor the coach _ (be)confident of victory, so they lost the game. Either you or the headmaster _ (be)to hand out the prizes to those gifted students. It is not I but you who _ (be)to blame for the accident. wasisare课课 堂堂 达达 标标复复 习习 练练 案案
