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1、gkxx精品课件Unit20 lesson3Scientific Breakthroughsgkxx精品课件 Do you know him and his discoveries?gkxx精品课件Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation gkxx精品课件Do you know the major discoveries of the scientists in the pictures?gkxx精品课件Try to match the discoveries or inventions with the pictures.gkxx精品课件 penicillin
2、the first computerother galaxiesE = mc2Albert EinsteinEdwin HubbleAlexander FlemingJohn William Mauchly &J. Presper Eckertgkxx精品课件Albert Einstein was considered the greatest scientist of the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time. His greatest discovery is the creation of his famous Theory
3、 of Relativity. Albert Einsteingkxx精品课件 He also discovered famous mathematical statement E=mc2 (energy equals mass times the speed of light squared). This statement or formula explained that a great amount of energy could come from a small piece of matter. gkxx精品课件American astronomer. His most impor
4、tant discovery was made in the 1920s. In the late 19th century, Hubbles study leads to the most important astronomical discovery of the twentieth century - the expanding universe. Edwin Hubblegkxx精品课件And he proved that nebulae (星云星云) were galaxies themselves. Astronomers now agree that far distant g
5、alaxies do exist. To honor him, the first telescope was named after him. gkxx精品课件Hubble space telescopegkxx精品课件Today reflecting telescopes are till widely used by amatuer and professionals astronomers for the same purpose as they have been used for centuries - to study the sky. Although today the pr
6、inciples of the reflecting telescope remain the same the applications are far more advancedLight enters the telescope and strikes a concave primary mirror, which acts like a lens to focus the light. The bigger the mirror, the better the image. gkxx精品课件Scottish biochemistFebruary 14, 1929 - Fleming D
7、iscovers Penicillin.Sir Alexander Fleming was a young bacteriologist when an accidental discovery led to one of the great developments of modern medicine. Alexander Fleming(1881-1955)gkxx精品课件John William Mauchly was an American physicist who, along with his student J. Presper Eckert designed ENIAC,
8、the first commercial computer made in the United States. John William Mauchly (1907.8.30 1980.1.8)J. Presper Eckertgkxx精品课件The first computer in the worldgkxx精品课件 Try to match the discoveries with how they were discovered?1. E = mc22. penicillin3. the first computer4. other galaxiesa. Scientists wor
9、ked together as a teamb. There was a lucky accidentc. A scientist did research for many yearsd. A scientist was inspiredgkxx精品课件 Read the text andcheck yourguesses from Exercise 2. Read to Read to learnlearngkxx精品课件1. Einstein was at work when he thought of the equation “E=mc2 ”. This outspoken youn
10、g man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired. “E=mc2”was born.Careful ReadingCareful ReadingF Are these statements true or false according to the text or is there no information? gkxx精品课件2. Einstein participated in the program that developed the nuclear bomb.3. Einstein obse
11、rved changes in time, size and mass. Einstein then showed in his “theory of relativity” that not even time, mass or length are constant -they change according to our experience of them.NIFgkxx精品课件4. Hubble studied the universe for over twenty years. He began the long, slow process of exploring our g
12、alaxy.5. Hubble discovered that our galaxy is bigger than we thought it was. He discovered small areas of mist which were in fact galaxies like own, millions of light years than had previously been thought.NINIgkxx精品课件6. Fleming had been studying bacteria in his laboratory when the discovery happene
13、d. He left for holiday. When he returned, he found it.Fgkxx精品课件7. There was a blue mould around the bacteria in the dish. He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed.8. Fleming developed the process for making penicillin. He said: “Nature made it,
14、and he found it.”TFgkxx精品课件9. The first computer project failed to meet its original goal. The US navy wanted to improve the accuracy of their missiles. But they only finished after the war in 1946.10. The first computer was extremely difficult to program.NITgkxx精品课件11. The scientists who discovered
15、 microwaves invented microwave ovens. We have Percy Spencer to thank. This inventor, with 120 patents to his name, discovered microwaves when he was experimenting with Radars and noticed a chocolate melting in his pockets.Tgkxx精品课件12. Today, it is possible to donate your heart to hospital when you d
16、ie. Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes to surgical procedures replacing diseases organs with donated ones.Tgkxx精品课件Vocabulary: Compound Words Match the categories (a-e) with the examples from the text (1-5). Then add examples of your own.1. breakthrough
17、; outcome 2. CD player; jet engine a) compound noun (noun + noun) b) compound noun (verb + preposition)gkxx精品课件c) compound noun adjective + noun d) compound verb e) compound adjective3. mass-produce; double-check4. one-year-old; world-famous; far-reaching 5. flying machine; nuclear bombgkxx精品课件Langu
18、age Points1. think over v. 仔细考虑仔细考虑, 重新考虑重新考虑 Let me think it over. Before you decide to do something important you must think it over. 2. come to v. 达到达到, 继承继承, 复苏复苏, 停止停止 想起想起,共计共计gkxx精品课件The fainting victim came to. 昏倒的受害者恢复了意识。昏倒的受害者恢复了意识。His earnings come to 3000 yuan a month. 他的月收入为他的月收入为3000元
19、元。 come to a decision 做出决定做出决定His plan came to nothing. 他的计划完全落空了。他的计划完全落空了。gkxx精品课件3. be aware of v. 知道知道 I was not aware of the fire. 我没有意识到火。我没有意识到火。 We were quite aware (of) how you would respond to our terms. 我们十分清楚你们对我们提出的条我们十分清楚你们对我们提出的条件肯定会有什么反应。件肯定会有什么反应。gkxx精品课件5. in fact 事实上事实上 She doesnt
20、 like him much in fact I think she hates him! 她不很喜欢他她不很喜欢他;事实上事实上,我认为她恨他我认为她恨他! I said it was Tuesday, but in fact it was Monday. 我说那天是星期二我说那天是星期二, 实际上是星期一。实际上是星期一。gkxx精品课件6. out of the ordinary 不平常的不平常的, 非凡的非凡的; 例外的例外的 All of my students like the little boy, but John is out of the ordinary. I go ou
21、t to have lunch every day, but today is out of the ordinary.gkxx精品课件7. turn to 转向转向,变成变成,求助于求助于,开始行动开始行动 The baby fell down. He turned to his mother for help. to turn love to hate 转爱为恨转爱为恨8. turn on 开启开启,变得兴奋变得兴奋,开始开始 turn on the radio 打开录音机打开录音机 turn the gun on sb. 把枪对准某人把枪对准某人 turn on sb. 对某人发火对某人
22、发火gkxx精品课件9. go out 出去出去, 熄灭熄灭, 过时过时 What a pleasant weather. Why not go out for a walk? 天气多好啊天气多好啊,为什么不出去散散步为什么不出去散散步? July went out with rain. 七月随着雨水过去了。七月随着雨水过去了。 Short skirts went out some time ago.短裙不久以前才不流行了。短裙不久以前才不流行了。gkxx精品课件10. make contributions to贡献贡献 These scientists made great contribu
23、tions to our society. The invention of the electricity made great contributions to all of us.gkxx精品课件11. Albert Einstein was aware of recent developments, such as Marie Curies research, but he had been working on his own. had been doing 过去完成进行时过去完成进行时gkxx精品课件过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或
24、状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如例如: It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places.gkxx精品课件 12. It measured 100 feet long by over 10 feet high and weighed over 30 tons. measure 有有.的尺寸的尺寸 The room measures five meters across. 这房间有五米宽。这房间有五米宽。 The boat measures twenty feet long.这这船计二十英尺。船计二十英尺。同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
