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1、By: Liu ChaoyingListeningListening Before listening, discuss with a partner what is happening in each of the photographs below. 1 Surf lifesaving clubs are popular all over Australia. They were originally formed to provide a rescue service for swimmers who get into danger on beaches. The clubs are v
2、oluntary organizations whose members patrol the beaches for free. As well as carrying out lifeguard duties, the clubs hold many social events and competitions related Background informationto the beach and swimming. Children between 7 and 15 can join as junior members, called nippers. The club provi
3、des activities for junior members at weekends and in the holidays. They receive training in lifesaving as well as taking part in healthy exercise at the beach. As much of Australias coastline can be dangerous for inexperienced swimmers, surf lifesavers determine the safest place for peopleto swim an
4、d place flags on the beach to show people where it is safe. Bathers are encouraged to “swim between the flags”. Businesses and the community in general raise money or donate equipment such as boats and canoes, sun shelters, lifesaving equipment and flags. On weekends, when the volunteer lifesavers a
5、re at work, some town councils pay lifeguards to patrol the most popular beaches. Several times during the summer, surf lifesaving clubs hold carnivals at which they display their lifesaving skills and hold competitions between different clubs. Each club has a different uniform, consisting of a swim
6、ming costume and a T-shirt. Lifesavers also wear caps in their club colors so that they can be easily identified when they are in the water.Listening Text Carol (C) and Ross (R) both go to university in England. They meet up after lectures one day and decide to go for coffee.R: Ooh. Thats better. It
7、 was cold out there ! Look theres a table over there by the fire.C: Great. Ill get the coffee and you grab the table.R: Thanks, Carol. Ill get the next one.C: Fine, so how do you like this cold?R: Well, I come from Tasmania so Im used to cold winter weather. But its summer over there at the moment a
8、nd Id sure like to be there.C: What would you be doing if you were at home?R: Id probably be heading down to the beach. I go down there most evenings to surf.C: Oh, so you surf, do you?R: Yeah. Ive been surfing since I was a nipper.C: A what? R: Oh, sorry. Thats what we call junior lifesavers back h
9、ome.C: (laughs) Hang on. Whats a junior lifesaver?R: Well, you know how we have lifesavers on all our popular beaches?C: No, I didnt know that. It must cost the government a lot of money to put lifesavers on so many beaches.R: No. They are all volunteers. Its like a sports club. They train to save l
10、ives and when they arent watching over the people on the beach they have all sorts of competitions with other clubs.C: Like what?R: Well, they have surf lifeboats that they go out to rescue people and at carnivals, they race with boats from other clubs. And then there are ironmen and women competiti
11、ons.C: I have seen them on television. Its three races, isnt it? A swim, a foot race and a race paddling a canoe or a surfboard.R: Yes thats right. Surf lifesaving clubs also have lots of other competitions and social events.C: So nippers are the young surf lifesavers?R: Yeah. Theyre between 7 and 1
12、5. They are training to be lifesavers when they are older, and they have all sorts of games and competitions suitable for their age group.C: So were you eve an iron man?R: (laughs) Not me. I was too much into having a good time at surf club parties.C: Yes, I can imagine thatSurf lifesaving boatNippe
13、rs marchingSurf board rescue and flagSurferRescue boatNippers and flag Listen to Ross talking about surf lifesaving in Australia. Then work with a partner to write captions for each of the photos. Check your captions with others.2 1. What part of Australia does Ross come from? Tasmania. 2. When Ross
14、 lived in Australia, what did he like to do each evening? He likes to surf.Listen again and answer the questions.33. How much does the government pay the surf lifesavers who keep the beaches safe? It costs nothing. Surf lifesavers are volunteers, they work for free.4. How old are nippers and what do
15、 they do? They are between 7 and 15. They train to be lifesavers and take part in games and competitions.5. What was Rosss favorite activity at the surf club? He liked to go to parties. Listen once more and give your own definition to the words. 1. surf 2. surf lifesaver 3. surf lifesaving club 4. n
16、ipper 5. ironman/ woman competition4surf (v.) :to ride the waves into the beach on a surf board; surf (n.): the waves in the sea that are close to the shore and have white foam on the top.surf lifesaver: someone who rescues people who get in trouble in the waves.surf lifesaving club: a social and sp
17、orts club that patrols beaches to keep swimmers safe.nipper: a junior member of a surf lifesaving club (between 7 and 15 years old)ironman/woman competition: a combination of three different races- a swim, a foot race and a paddling race in a canoe or on surf board.Discuss what does each sign mean.
18、Use expressions like:TalkingTalking Youre not allowed You mustnt You can/cant You have toYou should Its OK toBe careful Look out! You mustnt swim here. Signs such as this appear on lakes, rivers, the sea, and other waterways where swimmers may be in danger. For example, near places where pleasure bo
19、ats are launched into the sea or there is a ferry terminal. You should swim between the flags, because this is a safe area. If you get into trouble in the water, put your hand over your head to let people know you need help. You can take your dog to the beach to the left of this sign if it is on a l
20、eash. It is OK to have a dog on or off a leash to the right of this sign. You are not allowed to take your dog on this beach. In general, it is against local by-laws to take dogs onto the beach and there is a heavy fine for disobeying. However, as dog ownership is high in Australia and dog owners fe
21、el they have as much right to pursue leisure activities as fisherman, boat owners and swimmers, some parts on some beaches have been set aside for dog owners. You must be careful in this area because there are cables (eg phone cables) under the water. Do not drop your anchor here because it could ge
22、t caught in the cable. Use the clues to solve the crossword.1Using words and expressionsUsing words and expressions taxfederalsowbchlrviauthoritynaio nwe coogyhihwayranfa llpo liciega4. an unmarried male5. (preposition) through7. a country with its own government, traditions, etc10. relationship of
23、air, water, land, animals and plants11. amount of rain that falls12. official plan adopted by a government or other organizationbachelor vianationecologyrainfallpolicy1. money paid to the government2. relating to central rather than local government3. to put seeds into the ground5. sour liquid made
24、from wine6. person or people in control of otherstaxfederalsowvinegarauthority8. be in debt for something that has been given or lent9. an important roadowehighwayComplete the sentences with the correct preposition. 1 If you associate _ criminals, you are likely to get in trouble with the police too
25、. 2 _ of respect for my family, I try to lead an honest life. 3 I have been corresponding _ my penfriend for over five years now.withOutwith2 4 We tried to talk Jim _ changing his mind, but with no success. 5 That all Australians are blond and blue-eyed is far _ the truth. Australians are of many di
26、fferent races and almost every eye, hair and skin color is represented. 6 I am not responsible _ keeping a record of the meeting. Jim is.intofromfordefend/ defence/ defensive1. We must take _ action immediately to protect ourselves from the enemy.2. I am taking karate lessons to learn how to _ mysel
27、f.3. The villagers only _ against the enemies were sticks and stones.defensivedefenddefence3 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences4. They fought _ against the wind to bring the boat into shelter before the storm broke.5. There is a _ need to get food and blankets to the earthquake victi
28、ms.6. In _ they jumped out the window of their fifth floor apartment to escape the fire.desperately/ desperation/ desperatedesperatelydesperationdesperatetolerate / tolerant / tolerable / tolerance7. Having friends at work is the only thing that makes my job _.8. I think his parents are far too _ wi
29、th him and thats why he is so badly behaved.9. I think you need to develop more _ towards people who are different from you.10. I cant _ his heat any more. Im going inside where its cooler.tolerabletoleranttolerancetolerate11. Im sorry you cant sit there. This table is _.12. I would like to make a _
30、 for four people on the 23rd at 8 pm.13. Im sorry I cant go on Sunday. I 14. always _ Sundays for visiting my 15. grandparents.reserve / reserved /reservationreservedreservationreserve14. If you change your mind about going on the tour, your deposit is not _.15. After they arrested him, the police w
31、ent to the thiefs house to _ the stolen jewellery.16. After the accident his _ was slow and he was in hospital for nearly six months.recover / recovery / recoverablerecoverablerecoverrecovery My name is Steve Papas. Although my _ is Greece, I have lived in Australia for a long time and I am now an A
32、ustralian _. Even though I havent visited my original _ for over 20 years, I am still proud of my Greek _. I live inheritage birthplace homeland celebrations fortnight citizenheritagehomelandcitizenbirthplace4 Complete the paragraph with the words below.Melbourne where a lot of other Greek migrants
33、live. As well as celebrating great events in Australia we hold _ for Greek events too. When Greece won the 2004 European Soccer Championship, for example, we celebrated in Melbourne for a _.celebrationsfortnight Complete the sentences using either the present or past participle or the infinitive of
34、the verbs in brackets. 1 The only thing he can do is _ as far away as possible and never return. (run) 2 My problem is _ someone who could fix my computer. (find)Using structuresUsing structures1runfinding/ to find 3 Her first job was _ the walls in the kitchen. (paint) 4 You cant go that way becaus
35、e the bridge on highway 19 is _ . (close) 5 The table at the front of the room was _ for the brides family. (reserve) 6 In an emergency, the most important thing is _ calm. (stay)painting/ to paintclosedreservedstaying/ to stay Complete the sentences with some of the verbs below in their proper form
36、s and then underline the predicative in each sentence. 1 As she watched them arguing, they _ _ to get more and more angry. 2 Please _ in your seats until the plane stops. 3 I dont know why I did it but it _ a good idea at the time.2remain keep sound fall seem become prove begin appear beappeared/see
37、medremainseemed 4 I am sure he will _ to be an excellent student. 5 Her cough_ serious and I decided to call a doctor. 6 The room _ so hot I found it difficult to stop myself _ asleep. 7 Playing basketball _ an excellent way to _ fit. 8 Everybody _ to be having a good time at the wedding breakfast.p
38、rovesoundedbecamefallingiskeepseemed Translate these sentences into English, choosing the prepositional phrases below as the predicative. 1 桑迪已经失业半年，没有能力养家糊口了。 Sandy has been out of work for half a year and is unable to support his family. 2 这是一本各类读者都会感兴趣的小说。 This is a novel that will be of interest
39、 to a wide range of readers.3(be) on a course (be) out of work (be) of interest (be) in ones 30s (be) with me (be) on ones hands and knees (be) at ones best (be) of help 3 如果我能帮上什么忙，就告诉我。 Let me know if I can be of any help to you. 4 阿瑟已经三十多岁了，还没有开始自己的事业。 Arthur is already in his 30s and hasnt start
40、ed a career yet. 5 下一步把这个放在机器的这个位置。你们听明白了吗? Next you put this into the machine here. Are you with me? 6 我认为五月的颐和园是最美的。 In my opinion, the Summer Palace is at its best in May. 7 我最后一次见到他是周五晚上, 当时他正趴在实验室的地上在找什么东西。 The last time I saw him was Friday night. He was on his hands and knees searching for so
41、mething in his laboratory. 8 这个月凯西一直在上缝纫课。 Cathy has been on a sewing course all this month.Why do countries have flags?What can flags tell you about a country? Think of some examples.What does Chinas national flag tell us?What other organizations do you know that have flags? What do they use them f
42、or?Speaking and Listening TaskSpeaking and Listening Task Pre-listening (Discussion)1 1 Why do countries have flags? A flag usually stands as a symbol for that country. It can remind people of some important values the nation holds or something of its history or culture. It is used on official occas
43、ions to identify the nation to the rest of the world. 2 What can flags tell you about a country? Think of some examples. They can tell people about the nations, history, values or culture. For example, the stars on the US flag represent the states in the union. The cross on the Greek flag symbolizes
44、 Christianity. The maple leaf on the Canadian flag is the national emblem of Canada. 3 What does Chinas national flag tell us? The red color in the Chinese National flag stands for the revolution, while the gold color of the stars signifies the dawn of a new era over the land. The five stars grouped
45、 together symbolize the unity of the Chinese people under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party. 4 What other organizations do you know that have flags? What do they use them for? Red Cross Society, the Olympic Games, companies, etc.lWhat elements do several of the flags have in common?lIn w
46、hat ways could these common elements be connected to Australia?lWhich flag is the official flag of Australia?lWhat do you think the other flags are? June is giving a talk about Australian flags and what they tell people about the history and culture of Australia. Listen and write down the numbers of
47、 the flags in the order you hear June talk about them. Listening 21 _2 _3 _4 _Listening TextListening Text THE FLAGS OF AUSTRALIATHE FLAGS OF AUSTRALIAJune is giving a talk about Australian flags and what they tell people about the history and culture of Australia. Good afternoon, everyone. My hobby
48、 is collecting flags from all over the world. I love flags for two reasons. The first is that they are beautiful and the second is that you can learn a lot about the culture and history of a country by studying its flags. Today Id liketo show you some Australian flags and discuss their significance.
49、 Now, this one is the official Australian flag. It was chosen in 1901 following a competition to design a flag especially for Australia. Before that date Australia had the same flag as Great Britain. The British flag is now in the top left quarter of the Australian flag to remind people of Australia
50、s historical ties with Great Britain. The five stars represent the Southern Cross which is an important group of five stars in the southern hemisphere. Navigators use the Southern Cross to show them the direction of the South Pole. The other big star under the British flag represents the six states
51、and the combined territories of Australia. This flag has been the official Aboriginal flag since 1995. The black in the top half of the flag symbolizes the Aboriginal people themselves, while the red at the bottomsymbolizes the earth and the Aboriginal peoples spiritual connection to the earth. The
52、yellow circle in the middle represents the sun, the giver of life. This next flag was first flown in 1854 at a place called Eureka where a group of gold miners rebelled against the government. The incident is seen by many as the beginning of the movement towards democracy in Australia. The five star
53、s represents the Southern Cross and the lightblue background is believed to representthe blue shirts that many of the gold miners wore. Although not an official flag, it is recognized and loved by most Australians. This is another flag that you often see in Australia, especially at sporting events.
54、The kangaroo is recognized as the unofficial animal emblem of Australia and green and gold are the colors worn by many Australian sporting teams when they travel overseas.The flag first became popular in 1983 when it was flown on Australias entry to the Americas cup - a famous yacht race which Austr
55、alia won that year. Some people feel it is time to change Australias official flag because it is no longer appropriate to have the British flag in the most important part of the flag. The other flags you see here were designed for a competition for a new flag but so far none have been accepted. Note
56、-taking Australian flag: Australia once governed by Britain. Australia is in the southern hemisphere. Australia made up of six states and some territories.3 Aboriginal flag: Aboriginal people are dark skinned; they have a connection with the land. the sun dominates the landscape and gives life. Eure
57、ka flag: There is gold in Australia; in the past there have been rebellions against the government. Australians seem to respect rebellion. Gold miners wore blue shirts Kangaroo flag: The kangaroo is a emblem of Australia; gold and green are Australias sporting colours, Australians fight for honour i
58、n sports ( the boxing gloves) In groups, discuss the four designs for a new flag. What does each of the new flags tell you about Australia? Which one do you think is the best? Flag 2 is similar to the present flag except it doesnt have the British flag in the corner. So it shows that Australia is in
59、dependent.4 Flag 3 includes the colour red as in the official flag but shows neither the British flag of the star symbolizing the six states. It doesnt show very much except that Australia is in the southern hemisphere. Flag 5 includes the red of the land as in the Aboriginal flag and the star that
60、represents the states of Australia. It also contains a kangaroo. This flag concentrates on symbols that are specifically and recognisably Australian. Flag 8 combines the Aboriginal flag and the southern cross from the official flag. It is showing that Aboriginals are an important part of Australia.
61、In groups, discuss what symbols you would put on a flag for your school, Then design a suitable flag. Show your design to the rest of the class and explain it. Answers may vary.5 The computers at Susans school are all connected to each other and the school has an online notice board where students c
62、an ask questions and give their opinions. Susan posted a question about the discovery of Australia on the online notice board. Read the questions and what her fellow students replied.ReadingReading TaskTask5Discovery of Australia 40,000 + years ago People from Asia settled in the place we now call A
63、ustralia. The continent was then cut off from Asia 10,000 years ago. 1421 Some people think a Chinese fleet led by Zheng He may have visited Australia. 1606 A Dutch sea captain first mapped the north coast.Note: The following facts may not be accurate historically.Discovery of Australia 1644 Abel Ta
64、sman made a map on which he combined all known land and guessed the rest. 1770 Captain Cook sailed up the east coast of the continent 1802 Mathew Flinders sailed around the continent, mapped it and called it Australia.DiscussionDiscussion 1. Why do you think school children in Australia in the 1950s
65、 were told that Captain Cook discovered Australia? Captain Cook claimed the land for Britain and as Australia was originally settled by people form Britain, this is the part of the history that they were taught.32. Why does Mary White think European explorers didnt discover the Australian continent
66、until the 17th century? Before 1644, explorers didnt know they had found a continent. They just visited small parts of it.3. Why does Nick Chance think Chinese explorers reached the continent so much earlier? He read about the Chinese explorers on the Internet.4. Patrick Hall says that the ancestors
67、 of the Aborigines discovered Australia at least 40, 000 years ago. Why do you think the other children didnt give this answer? They may have thought that Aborigines always lived on the continent so they didnt think they discovered it.5. Which of the students answers do you agree with and why? Remem
68、ber , that you first need to decide what “ discovered” means and what “ Australia” means. Many possible answers will depend on how students interpret discovered and Australia. Since youve learned so much about Australia in this Unit, choose several aspects that you think are interesting and write a
69、report (e.g. its animals, plants, scenery, cities, beaches, people, leisure activities, history or something else). WritingWriting TaskTask Sample writing1 I think the most interesting aspect of Australia is its unique animals. Only a few other countries have marsupial animals, and Australia has the
70、 most, including koalas, kangaroos, and Tasmanian devils as well as echidnas and platypus, which are monotremes. Australia also has many interesting and colorful birds, especially the many kinds of parrots. As well as this, Australia is home to many snakes and spiders. Although it is difficult to se
71、e these animals in the wild, there are many wildlife parks and zoos where these animals are on display.By: 刘超英 2 I think Australian beaches are very interesting. Most Australians live fairly close to a beach so swimming, sunbathing and scuba diving are very popular leisure activities. I think it wou
72、ld be great to see a surf lifesaving carnival or watch surfers ride the big waves. I would also like to go scuba diving or snorkeling in the tropical areas of Australia where there are colorful fish and beautiful coral reefs. There are other sports you can take part in at the beach too, including wi
73、nd surfing, beach volleyball, and sailing.By: 刘超英 3 The scenery is very interesting in Australia as it is a big country with many different types of land from tropical rainforests to eucalypt forests and from deserts to mountains. As Australia has such a small population, many parts of the country a
74、re still in their natural condition. Camping is popular in Australia and this is an excellent way to see and be part of nature.By: 刘超英 4 I think it would be interesting to explore Tasmania. It is an island just south of Australia. It is the closest part of Australia to the Antarctic and you can see
75、whales, seals and penguins there. It also has beautiful scenery which is very different from other places in Australia. It also has huge naturalBy: 刘超英 forests, mountains and a wild coastline. The climate is much colder than most other parts of Australia and in the winter it usually snows. Tasmania also has a lot of history because British convicts were sent there in the nineteenth century and there are still buildings and other artefacts to see.By: 刘超英
