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1、Grammar Module3Literature 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常的主语在前，谓在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常的主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面，这种情况叫前面，这种情况叫“倒装倒装”(Inversion)。倒装的。倒装的原因是为了某种语法结构的需要是为了强调、突出原因是为了某种语法结构的需要是为了强调、突出句子的某个成份。句子的某个成份。 英语中常见的倒装句有下列一些情况：英语中常见的倒装句有下列一些情况： 一、在一、在疑问句疑问句中用倒装中用倒装 Do you like English? You are
2、nt interested in this film, are you? What do you like best?二、在二、在there be/live/lie句型中，用全部倒装句型中，用全部倒装 There are some books on the desk. There lived an emperor many years ago.三、在以三、在以there ,here, now, then +be/come/go/lie/ stand/sit +主语的句子中主语的句子中, 要全部倒装要全部倒装 Here comes the bus. Then came the time we h
3、ad been looking forward to. 注注: 主语是代词则不用倒装主语是代词则不用倒装 Here you are. Here he comes. . .Summer begins in June. Then comes July.四、以四、以off, away, out, in, up, down,over,back等副词等副词谓语动词是谓语动词是come,go,rush,run等不及物动词等不及物动词的句子里的句子里, 以示强调或为了使情景更生动以示强调或为了使情景更生动, 要全部倒要全部倒装装He was very angry. Not a word did he say
4、.Never again shall I be late for school.The door opened and in came Mr. Smith, our headmaster.。 Away went the children. Out rushed the boy. 注注: 主语是代词则不用倒装主语是代词则不用倒装 Out he rushed.On every piece of paper was a picture of a horse. From a speaker on the wall comes the doctors voice.五、引起直接引语的句子，它的主、谓语常倒
5、装五、引起直接引语的句子，它的主、谓语常倒装 但当主语是代词，或谓语含有助动词时，一般不用倒但当主语是代词，或谓语含有助动词时，一般不用倒装。另外，如果谓语比主语长，或是它后面有宾语时，装。另外，如果谓语比主语长，或是它后面有宾语时，一般也不用倒装。一般也不用倒装。“Will you please carry it for me?”said the old man.“Please do me a favour,” he said. “He is a liar. You cant trust him,” Tom said to me in a whisper.“I am hundry,” she
6、 had said.六、六、Only, (not) until所修饰的介词短语所修饰的介词短语, 副词或状语从副词或状语从句放在句首时句放在句首时, 要部分倒装要部分倒装 Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only in this way can you solve the problem.注注: 1. 主句倒装主句倒装, 从句不倒装从句不倒装 Not until the father came did he go back to school. Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to
7、 get back home. 2. only+主语置于句首时主语置于句首时, 不倒装不倒装 Only Wang Li knows this. 七七、方式副词well或频度副词often, many a time always, once, every two hours,以及以及then开头的句子，要部分倒装 Often did I remind him not to do that. Many a time has he made the same mistake.八、用于句首状语的否定句。这类否定词有；八、用于句首状语的否定句。这类否定词有；Not , never, hardly, ba
8、rely(几乎不几乎不), scarcely(几乎不几乎不),little, never before(以前从不以前从不), by no means(决不决不),under no circumstance(决不决不), in no time(很快很快), in no case(决不决不), nowhere(没有地方没有地方), at no time在任何时候决不在任何时候决不 Little did I know who the boy was. Hardly could I believed it true.Little did he know that the police were aro
9、und.他一点也不知道警察就在旁边。他一点也不知道警察就在旁边。Never have I heard of such a name.我从没听说过这样一个名字。我从没听说过这样一个名字。Hardly could she believe her own eyes.她几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。她几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。Little置于置于know,think,Imagine,dream, guess, expect等有等有关思考关思考,意意识识 的动词时的动词时,等于等于not at all九、在九、在no soonerthan, hardlywhen, not onlybut also句型中句型中,
10、 前面的句子要部分倒装前面的句子要部分倒装 No sooner had I reached the station than the train left. Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. Not only does he like English but also he learns it well.注注: not onlybut also, neithernor连接两个主语连接两个主语时不倒装时不倒装 Not only he but also I went to the Park.十、以十、以so, neither
11、, nor开头的句子开头的句子,表示相同概念的肯表示相同概念的肯定或否定时定或否定时, 要全部倒装要全部倒装 I have never been to Beijing. Nor has he. She is a teacher. Li Ming can speak three languages. So I.-Will you go home this weekend?-No, and . After that we never saw her again, hear from her.can neither will Li Mingnor did we 十一、在十一、在so/suchthat
12、句型中句型中,把把so / such的那一的那一部分放在句首时部分放在句首时, 要部分倒装要部分倒装 Such an interesting film was it that they were all moved. So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him. So angry was he that he couldnt say a word.十三、十三、as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句, 常置于句首常置于句首, 用倒装用倒装 Pretty as Mary is, she is not cle
13、ver. 注注: 如果表语是单数可数名词如果表语是单数可数名词, 该词前一般不加冠词该词前一般不加冠词 Child as he is ,he knows a lot.十四、为了十四、为了保持句子平衡保持句子平衡,或使上下文连接更紧或使上下文连接更紧,可把可把介词短语介词短语,形容词短语形容词短语, 副词或分词提前到主语前副词或分词提前到主语前, 用全部倒装用全部倒装 On the ground lay an old sick goal. Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting.十五、十五、表祝愿的句子表祝愿的句子,习惯用倒装习惯用倒装 Long
14、live China ! May you become stronger!十六、十六、省略省略if的虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句 Were were Should +主主 =if +主主 + should Had had Were I a bird, I would fly in the sky. Should it rain, the crops would grow better. Had you my troubles, you would despair.特殊的倒装结构As“尽管.”让步的内容+As+句子的其它成分(An)Heroasheis,hestillhasshortcomings.M
15、uchasIlikeit,Illnotbuyit.Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.Tryashemay,hefailedagain.Whileheisanhero,hestillhasshortcomings.强调句:Itbe+被强调部分+that(who)+其余成分注意:被强调部分和其余成分必修组成完整的句子才能是强调句.Itistheyearthathewaskilledintheaccident.Itisintheyearthathewaskilledintheaccident.ItwaseveningthatwereachedthelittletownofWi
16、nchester.Itisinthisstreetthattheboywasbeaten.It be not untilthat 直到直到才才She didnt give me a reply until one week later.It was not until one week later that she gave me a reply.I didnt know anything about it until she told me.It was not until she told me that I knew anything about it. .特殊的句型:-Icantfin
17、dMr.Brown.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning.-Itwasinthehotel_hestayed.A.thatB.whichC.whereDwhen*特殊的似是而非的题型-Whendidthisaccidenthappen?-Itwasinthemorning_herodethebikealongthestreet.A.thatB.whichC.whereDwhen1)Why cant I smoke here? Atno time_ in the meeting-room.A.is smoking permitted B. smoking is permit
18、tedC. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permitAt the door2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow3）Sofast_thatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.A.lighttravelB.travelsthelightC.dolighttravelD.doeslighttravel4)Hardly_hegotoutofthecourt_
19、thereportersraisedalotofquestionstohim.A.hadwhenB.hadthanC.didwhenD.hasthan5)Important_hisdiscoverywas,itwasregardedasnothingtootherscientists.A.toB.forC.asD.although6)Onlyinrecentyears_beguntorealizethatwilddogs,keptwithinbounds,oftendomoregoodthanharm.A.peoplehaveB.sincepeoplehaveC.havepeopleD.peoplewhohave同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全同学们来学校和回家的路上要注意安全
