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1、UNIT 2ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD单词注释难句剖析导读诱思英国人到了美国发现,其实英美英语大不相同呢!Problems with American EnglishWhen cars drive in a circle,do they go around a “traffic circle” or a “roundabout”?The first choice sounds strange to me,as we dont say it in Britain,but Ive made Americans laugh for minutes at a time just
2、by saying “roundabout” before.Irish author George Bernard Shaw is believed to have said,“England and America are two countries separated by the same language.”This idea might seem strange,but I think of it whenever I have this type of communication problem with my friends from across the Atlantic.单词
3、注释难句剖析导读诱思Often,American people simply dont know who Im talking about.Many times Ive had to explain who a British celebrity1 is,even though I assume2 that they must be well-known outside of the UK.It sometimes seems like most Americans dont know who UK Prime Minister David Cameron is,yet in the UK w
4、e know all about Paris Hilton and other unimportant US celebritieshardly fair!There are also many differences in meaning between words and idioms in our two forms of English.I once tried to break up an argument between two Americans by saying,“Come on,leave it out!”(meaning “stop doing or saying tha
5、t”)but they just turned to me looking confused3,wondering what exactly they were supposed to “leave out”.At least the argument finished!单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Another unexpected problem with the two types of English happened to me when I was a teacher.I realized that sometimes when I wrote a word with a Britis
6、h spelling,such as “colour” with a “u”,my students would think that I had spelled it wrong and try to correct me.Having said all of that,I should say that I do really like the way American English sounds,and Ive got nothing against people learning itjust “leave it out” if youre thinking of correctin
7、g my spelling!单词注释难句剖析导读诱思1.celebrity /slebrti/ n.名人2.assume /sjum/ vt.认为3.confused /knfjuzd/ adj.困惑的难句剖析导读诱思单词注释Having said all of that,I should say that I do really like the way American English sounds,and Ive got nothing against people learning itjust “leave it out” if youre thinking of correctin
8、g my spelling!译文:尽管如此,我还是应该说我确实很喜欢美式英语的发音方式,而且我不反对人们学习它只是如果你想改正我的拼写的话,就此打住!剖析:本句的主句是由and连接的两个并列分句;Having said .是动词的-ing形式短语,在句中做让步状语;破折号之后的句子由“祈使句+if条件句”组成。难句剖析导读诱思单词注释1.What does the writer think is unfair?2.Why were the writers American friends confused when he said “leave it out”?答案:That most Ame
9、ricans dont know those famous people in Britain,even the UK Prime Minister.答案:Because they didnt know what he really meant by saying “leave it out”.SECTION WARMING UP, PRE-READING,READING & COMPREHENDING一二三四五六一、世界上很多国家都把英语列为官方语言,试着把你所知道的列举出来答案:Britain,America,Republic of Ireland,Canada,Australia,Ind
10、ia,Singapore,etc.一二三四五六二、将单词或短语与相对应的释义搭配起来AB1.such as a.to take advantage of; to use2.because ofb.now; these days3.actuallyc.as a result of; due to 4.at presentd.a long trip by sea or in space5.voyagee.for example6.make use off.in fact; really 答案:1.e2.c3.f4.b5.d6.a一二三四五六三、美式英语和英式英语在拼写和用词方面都有所不同, 请根据
11、平时的知识填写下表color centre traveler mail film store 一二三四五六四、阅读课文THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH, 完成下列表格German ruled less Shakespeare 一二三四五六America Australia government 一二三四五六dictionary The American Dictionary of the English Language American 一二三四五六五、阅读课文THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH, 完成下列问题1.Why did the people i
12、n many other countries besides England begin to speak English in the 17th century?A.Because they wanted to trade with English people.B.Because people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world.C.Because they found English easier to speak.D.Because they wanted to conquer England.答案
13、:B 一二三四五六2.Which of the following words is American English?A.Flat.B.Apartment.C.Honour.D.Metre.3.What was the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 based on?A.It was based more on German than the English we speak today.B.It was based more on Danish than the English we speak today.
14、C.It was based only on German.D.It was based only on French.答案:B 答案:A 一二三四五六4.When did two big changes in English spelling happen?A.In the 16th century.B.In 1150.C.In the 19th century.D.In the 20th century.答案:C 一二三四五六六、根据课文内容填空English has changed and 1.(develop)when cultures meet and communicate 2.
15、each other.From AD 450 to 1150,new settlers to England 3.(rich)the English language and enlarged its vocabulary.In 1620,British people began to move to 4. countries,and gradually,English 5.(speak)in many other countries.By the 19th century American English spelling got a separate identity 6. Noah We
16、bster wrote his dictionary.At 7.,more people speak English as their first,8. or a foreign language than ever before.People in South Asia 9. as India,Singapore speak fluent English.China may have the 10.(large)number of English learners.developedwith enriched other was spoken when present second such
17、 largest 123456781.Which country do you think has the most English learners?你觉得学英语的人最多的是哪个国家?剖析do you think/believe/expect/find/suppose . 作为插入语, 放在特殊疑问词后, 其他内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。Why do you think their team could win the football match?你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢?Who do you expect will take the place of Mr White?你希望谁
18、将接替怀特先生的位置?What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news?你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢?12345678活学活用完成句子1)你认为在你们国家谁是最好的足球运动员?is the best football player in your country?(think)2)你猜接下来发生了什么事?happened next?(suppose)单句改错3)When do you think will we set off for Beijing?Who do you think What do you
19、 suppose 答案:will we we will 123456782.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.后来在下个世纪, 英国人航海去征服世界其他地方, 于是, 许多别的国家开始说英语了。剖析本句是一个由并列连词and连接的并列句。Go to school early and you won
20、t be late for class.早点去上学, 你就不会迟到了。12345678考点because of 因为; 由于He walked slowly because of his bad leg.他因为腿不方便而行走缓慢。They are here because of us.他们是因为我们来这里的。Because of his wifes being there, I said nothing about it.由于他的妻子在场, 我便没提及此事。123456781)辨析because of与because:He was late because of the heavy rain.
21、他因为下大雨迟到了。I didnt want to attend the party because I was very busy.我不想去参加聚会, 因为我很忙。归纳:because of是介词短语, 后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式(短语)做宾语;because是连词, 后接句子。2)同义短语:due to, thanks to, owing to, as a result of12345678活学活用完成句子1)我返回来不是因为有雨,而是因为我累了。I came back the rain, I was tired.2)他由于我讲的话而生我的气。He got angry with me
22、 what I said.用because或because of填空3)We sent him to hospital immediately he was badly hurt.not because ofbut because because of because 12345678同义句转换4)He had to delay going to Beijing because of his illness.He had to delay going to Beijing because .5)Because of the heavy rain,the boy was late for sch
23、ool.The boy was late for school it rained .语法填空6)The teacher got angry because of his (late).7)Tomatoes began (grow) here in the 17th century.he was ill because heavily being late/lateness to be grown 123456783.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind o
24、f English.以英语作为母语的人, 即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同, 也可以相互理解。剖析句中 even if they dont speak the same kind of English是让步状语从句。They will stand by you even if you dont succeed.即使你不成功, 他们也将支持你。12345678考点even if即使; 尽管Even if I have to sell my house, I will keep my business going.即使要卖房子, 我还是会继续我的事业。Sometimes, they say “Hi” t
25、o me even if they do not know me.有时, 他们尽管不认识我, 也会和我打招呼。归纳:even if是一个连词短语, 用于引导让步状语从句, 含义是“即使;尽管”。even if与even though意义相同。though和although也可以引导让步状语从句。Though/Although he is young, he has been to many countries.他尽管年轻, 但已经去过许多国家了。12345678活学活用完成句子1)即使你不告诉我,我也会知道。,Ill know anyway.2)即使蒂姆不经常锻炼,他的身体状况也很好。Tim
26、is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise.语法填空3)Dont worry.Even if it (rain),well still have a great time.4) my car is very old,it still runs very well.Even if/though you dont tell me even if/though rains Although/Though 123456784.Id like to come up to your apartment.我想到你的公寓去。考点一1)woul
27、d like意为“想要, 愿意”, 其语气比较婉转, 其后常接名词或代词做宾语, 表示“具体要” 某样东西。I would like two sweaters for my daughter.我想给我的女儿买两件毛衣。Would you like this one?你想要这个吗?2)would like后面接动词不定式, 表示“愿意”, 常用于礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。Would you like to go there with the boys?你愿意和那些男孩子们去那儿吗?3)would like 后面可以用动词不定式做宾语补足语。What would you like me to d
28、o?你想要我干什么?12345678考点二come up走近; 上来; 被提到She came up and said, “Glad to meet you.”她走过来说: “很高兴见到你。”【高考典句】(2015湖北高考)A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jasons shoulder fondly.办公室里一位先生走上前来怜爱地拍着贾森的肩膀。The project came up in their conversation.他们的谈话中提到了这项工程。12345678阅读下面的句子,体会黑体词的含义Many problems hav
29、e come up at the meeting.会上提出了许多问题。含义:提出Sorry,I cant go with you;something has suddenly come up.对不起,我不能和你一起去了,突然发生了一点事。含义:发生I hope the government can come up with a good plan to stop the housing price increasing too fast.我希望政府能想出一个好的计划来阻止房价增长过快。含义:想出归纳:come up不用于被动语态。12345678活学活用用come up或come up wit
30、h的适当形式填空1)A difficult question at the meeting last night.2)I hope you can a better plan than this.3)When the question was under discussion, Gloriaan idea that the prices of cars should be reduced.came up come up with came up with 单句改错4)A better idea has been come up in our class.答案:去掉been 123456785.
31、Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上, 当不同文化互相交流渗透时, 所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。剖析本句是一个含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句。 考点actually adv.实际上; 事实上【高考典句】(2015江苏高考)He was actually a published author,and he was currently working on a new book.事实上他是一位出版过作品的作家,当时他正写着一部新
32、书。actually的同义词组in fact事实上; as a matter of fact事实上12345678活学活用完成句子1)他谈到那个国家就好像去过似的,但实际上他从未去过。He spoke about the country as if he had been there,.2)她假装镇静,但实际上当被质问时她非常紧张。She pretended to be calm she was more than nervous at the time she was being questioned.but actually he had never but actually 123456
33、78单句改错3)He thought I was talking about his son, but actual I was talking about my son.语法填空4)(actually),only several people have passed the exam.5)The (actually) price was lower than I had thought.答案:actualactually Actually actual 123456786.It was based more on German than the English we speak at pre
34、sent.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础, 而我们今天所说的英语不是。剖析由was based可知本句是一个一般过去时的被动语态的句子。一般过去时的被动语态的构成为:was/were+过去分词。The coat was bought last Sunday.这件大衣是上周日买的。考点一base vt. 以为根据n. 基部; 基地; 基础Prices of products are based on several factors.产品的价格建立在几种因素的基础上。12345678【高考典句】(2015福建高考)The research group produced two reports ba
35、sed on the survey,but neither contained any useful suggestions.这个调查组在调查的基础上提供了两份报告,但是没有一份包含着有用的建议。The lamp stands on a metal base.这盏台灯是装在金属底座上的。The country has military bases on foreign soils.那个国家在国外设有军事基地。Maths is the base of all other subjects.数学是所有其他学科的基础。归纳:be based on的含义是“以为根据”。派生词:basic adj. 基
36、本的; 基础的12345678考点二at present 现在; 目前The old man is all right at present.目前, 这位老人的状态良好。1)阅读下面的句子,体会黑体词的含义和用法,尤其注意其位置The present situation is not disappointing.目前的情况并没让人失望。含义:目前的用法:做定语时,位于名词之前The people present at the meeting are all for me.出席会议的所有人都支持我。含义:出席的,在场的用法:做定语时,位于名词之后2)for the present 暂时3)同义词
37、组:at the moment, at the present time12345678活学活用语法填空1)Alice always (base)her opinions on the facts.I believe in her.2)All of the work we do is based science.3)(base) on a true story,the film is popular.完成句子4)出席会议的人将会讨论污染问题。People would have a discussion on pollution.5)我不知道你现在的住址是什么。 I dont know what
38、 is.bases on Based present at the meeting your present address 123456787.So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.所以到17世纪, 莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。考点make use of利用; 使用【高考典句】(2015四川高考)Most importantly,make use of every possible chance to practice speaking Man
39、darin and dont be afraid of making mistakes.最重要的是,利用每一个可能的机会练习说普通话,不要害怕犯错误。We will make good use of our time.我们要好好利用我们的时间。归纳:make use of中的use前常用形容词good和full等修饰:make good use of “好好利用”; make full use of “充分利用”。12345678make the most/best of 充分利用We must make the most/best of our limited natural resourc
40、es.我们必须充分利用有限的自然资源。12345678活学活用同义句转换1)We should make full use of every minute to study all the subjects well.Every minute should to study all the subjects well.2)It is very important for you to make the best of your time now.It is very important for you to make your time now.语法填空3)He began to consid
41、er to make use of these old books.4)You should make use of this chance (improve) your spoken English.be made full use of full use of how to improve 123456788.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其他国家, 比如南非, 人们也说英语。剖析本句是一个含有被动语态的句子。
42、考点such as 例如; 像这种的【高考典句】(2015安徽高考)In many cultures,round foods such as grapes,bread,and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.在很多文化中,在欢迎性的庆祝活动时人们吃像葡萄、面包和月饼等代表家庭团圆的圆形食物。归纳:用such as列举事物时, 一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子, 插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间, 后面不可有逗号。12345678辨析such as和for example:such as
43、用来列举同类事物中的几个例子, 不用于句首, 后面不跟逗号, 不跟句子。for example用来举例说明某一论点或情况, 一般只列举同类人或事物中的一个为例, 做插入语, 可位于句首、句中或句末。如:Many great people rose from poor backgroundsLincoln for example.很多伟人出身贫寒, 林肯就是一例。12345678活学活用用for example或such as填空1)As we all know, many Chinese words have come into English, tofu and kung fu.2)There are many excellent teachers in our school,Mr Wang,.3)Noise, , is a kind of pollution.4)I like drinks, tea and soda.such as for example for example such as
