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1、 高一英语高一英语 必修必修4unit2working-the-land4unit2working-the-land单词讲解单词讲解重点单词重点单词1struggle vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力斗争；拼搏；努力2output n产产量；量；输输出出3hunger n饥饿饥饿；欲望；欲望hungry adj.饥饿饥饿的；有欲望的的；有欲望的4expand vt. & vi.使使变变大；伸展；大；伸展；阐阐述述expansion n扩扩大；增加大；增加2共 96 页5circulate vt. & vi.循循环环；流；流传传circulation n循循环环流通流通6battle n战战役
2、；役；战战斗；斗；较较量；斗争量；斗争vt. & vi.搏斗；搏斗；奋奋斗斗7therefore adv.因此；所以；因而因此；所以；因而3共 96 页v8equip vt. & vi.配配备备；装；装备备equipment n设备设备(不可数不可数)9export vt. & vi.输输出；出口出；出口import vt. & vi.输输入；入口；入；入口；进进口口10nationality n国籍国籍nation n国家；民族国家；民族national adj.国家的；国有国家的；国有的的4共 96 页11occupation n工作；工作；职业职业；占；占领领occupy vt.占占领领
3、12confuse vt.使迷惑；使使迷惑；使为难为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的感到迷惑的confusion n迷惑迷惑13regret vt.遗遗憾；惋惜憾；惋惜 n遗遗憾；懊憾；懊悔悔regretful adj.后悔的后悔的5共 96 页14chemical adj.化学的；关于化学的化学的；关于化学的chemistry n化学化学chemist n化学家；药剂师化学家；药剂师15bacteria n(bacterium的复数形式的复数形式)细菌细菌16reduce vt.减少；减少；缩缩减；减；简简化化reduction n缩缩小
4、；减少小；减少17summary n总结总结；摘要；概要；摘要；概要summarize vt.总结总结18comment n评论评论；议论议论 vi. & vt.表达意表达意见见；作出作出评论评论6共 96 页重点短语重点短语1thanks to幸亏；由于幸亏；由于2rid.of 摆摆脱；除去脱；除去3be satisfied with 对对感到感到满满意意4would rather 宁愿；宁可宁愿；宁可5build up 逐逐渐渐增增强强；建立；开；建立；开发发6lead to 导导致；造成致；造成7focus on 集中集中(注意力注意力、精力等精力等)于于7共 96 页8keep.fre
5、e from/of 使使免受免受(影响影响、伤伤害等害等)；使；使不含不含(有害物有害物)9make a difference 造成差异造成差异，很重要很重要10keep in mind 牢牢记记在心在心11cause damage to 对对造成危害造成危害12in addition 再者再者，还还有有13turn to 转转向向8共 96 页9共 96 页struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎n斗争；挣扎斗争；挣扎struggle with与与斗争斗争struggle for 为为争取争取而斗争而斗争struggle against与与斗争；斗争；为为反反对
6、对而斗争而斗争struggle to do sth. 努力努力/争取争取=make great efforts to do sth.struggle through 奋奋力通力通过过struggle to ones feet 挣挣扎着站起来扎着站起来struggle on/along (虽艰难虽艰难仍仍)继续继续做某事做某事10共 96 页struggle for struggling with strugglingtothe struggle for struggled to her feet 11共 96 页Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitr
7、ess，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A.strugglingBstruggledC. having struggledD. to struggle解析：句意为：几个月以来，Dina一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除B项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除D项；C项相当于：Dina had struggled for months to find a job as a waitress.而A项相当于：Dina w
8、as struggling for months to find a job as a waitress.根据句意可知，C项更符合要求，故为答案。v答案：C12共 96 页expand vt.&vi. 使变大；伸展；阐述使变大；伸展；阐述expansion n. 扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展expansive adj. 扩张性的；开展性的；广扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的阔的expand into/to 使使扩扩大大，变变大大expand on/upon 阐阐述述，详谈详谈We should constantly broaden our views and expand our k
9、nowledge. 我们要不断地开拓自己的眼界、增长见识。 13共 96 页即学即练即学即练2(1)Metals _ when they are heated.金属受金属受热热会膨会膨胀胀。(2)Weve _ _ _ by opening two more stores. 我我们们增开了两个商增开了两个商店以店以扩扩展展业务业务。(3)I repeated the question and waited for her to _.我把我把问题问题重复了一遍重复了一遍，等着她等着她进进行充分行充分阐阐述述。expandexpandedthebusinessexpand14共 96 页theref
10、ore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以因此；所以即学即练即学即练3He was very tired and _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired. _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired, _ he fell sound asleep.他累得很他累得很，因此睡得很熟因此睡得很熟。thereforeThereforeso提示：提示：therefore 是是副词副词，不能引导从句，两个句，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用子之间要用连词连词或者或者分号分号；而；而 so是是连词连词，可
11、接从，可接从句。句。15共 96 页4equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备配备；装备equipment n. U装备；设备装备；设备equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装用某物装备备某人某人/物物be equipped with sth. 装装备备有某物有某物equip sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 为为(做做)某事而准某事而准备备 be equiped for (doing) sthequip sb. to do sth. 使某人能使某人能够够做某事做某事sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准某人有准备备做某事做某事a pi
12、ece of equipment 一件一件设备设备16共 96 页即学即练即学即练4(1)Our classroom _ _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder.我我们们的教室里配有一台的教室里配有一台电视电视和一台和一台录录音机音机。(2)A good education should _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用良好的教育能使你受用终终生生。(3)Our school has been given _ _ _.我我们们学校有了一些学校有了一些赠赠送的新送的新设备设备。 isequippedwithequipyouforlifesomenewequipmen
13、t17共 96 页confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆(1)confuse.and/with.把和混淆(2)confusion n混乱；迷惑(3)confused adj.困惑的，烦恼的(以人作主语)(4)confusing adj.令人费解的；使人困惑的(以物作主语)18共 96 页Judging from his_expression，he didnt understand the_problem referring to teenagers mental health.v答案：confused；confusing19共 96 页vregret v可惜，后悔，遗憾；惋惜；n.
14、遗憾，抱歉20共 96 页regret v&n. 遗憾；后悔；惋惜遗憾；后悔；惋惜refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒婉言拒绝绝to ones regret 令人令人遗遗憾的是憾的是feel regretful for.对对感到后悔感到后悔express regret for/at/over sth. 对对表示表示遗遗憾憾regretn./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事后悔做某事regretthatclause 后悔后悔，遗遗憾憾regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地很抱歉地说说/告告诉诉/通知
15、通知Its much to be regretted that. 令人令人遗遗憾的是憾的是21共 96 页vIts no use regretting what you have done.v后悔你做过的事情没有用。vI regret that I am unable to accept your kind invitation.v很遗憾，我不能接受你的友好邀请。vI have always regretted not having studied harder at school.v我一直后悔在校期间没能努力学习。vWe think，much to our regret，that we wi
16、ll not be able to visit you next year.v让我们深感遗憾的是，我们认为明年不能去拜访你了。vWe regret to inform you that your application has not been successful.v我们很遗憾的通知您，您的申请未通过。22共 96 页即学即练即学即练5(1)He regretted _ _ careless.He regretted _ _ _ _ careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)I regret _ _ you that we are unable to
17、 offer you employment. 我我遗遗憾地通知你憾地通知你，我我们们不能雇用你不能雇用你。(3)_ _ _ _， I must leave now.令我很令我很遗遗憾的是憾的是，我我现现在必在必须须离开了离开了。 (4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful in your plan. 听到你的听到你的计计划不能划不能顺顺利利进进行行，我我们觉们觉得很可得很可惜惜。havingbeenthathehadbeentoinformMuchtomyregretwithregret23共 96 页Robert is indeed a wise
18、 man.Oh,yes. How often I have regretted_his advice!Ato takeBtakingCnot to takeDnot takingv解析：regret (not) doing/having done sth.表示“后悔 (没)做 (了)某事”。v答案：D24共 96 页vMr Black，what about my application?vOh，I regret_you that it hasnt been successful.vAtellingBto tellvChaving toldDsaidv解析：句意为：布莱克先生，我的申请如何？噢，
19、我很遗憾地告诉你，它未通过。由句意可知为“遗憾地要去干某事”，故选择regret to do的形式。v答案：B25共 96 页focus n(兴趣、活动等的兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点中心；焦点v(使使)集中，聚集；集中，聚集；(使使)聚焦聚焦be in focus 焦距焦距对对准；清晰准；清晰be out of focus 焦距没焦距没对对准；模糊准；模糊bring sth. into focus 把某物集中在焦点上把某物集中在焦点上focus sth. on (upon) sth.fix.on.使使集中于集中于be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on 集中集中于于
20、26共 96 页即学即练即学即练6(1)The _ _ my camera isnt working properly.我照相机上的我照相机上的调调焦装置有毛病焦装置有毛病。(2)Her beauty makes her _ _ _ _.她她长长得漂亮得漂亮，很惹人注意很惹人注意。(3)We should _ _ _ _ our study.我我们应该们应该把注意力放在学把注意力放在学习习上上。(4)She felt all the eyes _ _ _ her.她她觉觉得所有人都在注得所有人都在注视视着她着她。focusonthefocusofattentionfocusourattenti
21、ononwerefocusedon27共 96 页reduce vt. 减少；缩减；简化减少；缩减；简化reduce ones expenditure 减少某人的开减少某人的开支支kspendt(r) be reduced to despair 陷入陷入绝绝望望reduce to. 降至降至reduce by. 减少了减少了28共 96 页即学即练即学即练7(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _ $1 000.他他设设法使他法使他们们的价格降到的价格降到1 000美元美元。(2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third.生生
22、产产成本下降了成本下降了1/3。(3)The fire _ the forest _ a few trees.大火把森林大火把森林烧烧得得仅仅剩下几棵剩下几棵树树了了。reducetobeenreducedbyreducedto29共 96 页comment vt.评论评论 n评论，意见，议论评论，意见，议论have a/some/any comment(s) on/about sth.对对 有有评论评论、意、意见见ask for comment 征求意征求意见见make comments on sth.评论评论某事某事No comment. 无可奉告无可奉告。Without comment.
23、 不必多不必多说说。comment(v.)on/ upon sth.评论评论，对对发发表意表意见见comment(v.)thatclause评论评论30共 96 页即学即练即学即练8(1)Have you any _ _ the proposals？你？你对这对这些建些建议议有什么意有什么意见吗见吗？(2)It created _ _ in the press.这这引起引起报报界广泛的界广泛的评论评论。(3)He made some useful _ _ my work.他他对对我的作品作了一些我的作品作了一些实实用的用的评论评论。 (4)He _ that it was an excelle
24、nt film.他他评论这评论这部部电电影很精彩影很精彩。commentsonwidecommentcommentsoncommented31共 96 页thanks to 由于；多亏由于；多亏(介词短语，在句介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)because of 因因为为；由于；由于owing to 由于由于，因因之之缘缘故故as a result of 作作为为的的结结果果，由于由于due to 因因为为，由于由于(不能放在句首不能放在句首)on account of 由于；因由于；因为为32共 96 页即学即练即学即练9(1)_ _ Jims w
25、arning, we avoided the accident.多多亏亏吉姆的提醒吉姆的提醒，我我们们避免了一避免了一场场事故事故。(2)I couldnt attend the meeting _ _ illness.我因病不能出席会我因病不能出席会议议。(3)The delay was _ _ power failure.延滞是由于停延滞是由于停电电。Thankstoowingtodueto33共 96 页due to Owing to Because of thanks to Thanks to 34共 96 页rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth. 使使摆脱摆脱be/
26、get rid of 去掉去掉，摆摆脱；抛弃脱；抛弃remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事通知某人某事be free of. 摆摆脱脱35共 96 页即学即练即学即练10(1)One day we will manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease.总总有一天我有一天我们们有有办办法使法使这这种可怕的疾病在世界上种可怕的疾病在世界上绝绝迹迹。(2)You must _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必你必须须摒弃摒弃这这些些陈陈旧旧观观念念。(3)Wel
27、l have to _ _ _ him.我我们们必必须摆须摆脱他脱他。(4)How can we _ _ _ all the flies in the kitchen?我我们们怎怎样样才能把厨房内的才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统苍蝇统统消消灭灭掉？掉？ridtheworldofridyourselfofgetridofgetridof36共 96 页be satisfied with 对对感到满意感到满意be satisfied that. 满满意意be satisfied to do 乐乐意干意干satisfy vt.满满意；使意；使满满意意satisfied adj. 感到感到满满意的意的sati
28、sfying adj. 令人令人满满意的意的satisfactory adj. 令人令人满满意的意的satisfaction n. 满满意意，满满足足37共 96 页即学即练即学即练11(1)I _ the result.我我对对那个那个结结果很果很满满意意。(2)My parents try to _.我父母尽量我父母尽量满满足我的需求足我的需求。(3)There was _ on his face.他他脸脸上露出了上露出了满满意的微笑意的微笑。(4)_，my boss agreed to my suggestion.很使我很使我满满意的是意的是，老板同意了我的建老板同意了我的建议议。was
29、 satisfied withsatisfy my needsa satisfied lookMuch to my satisfaction38共 96 页lead to 通向，导致，致使通向，导致，致使leadn.to sth. 引引导导到到lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事使某人做某事即学即练即学即练12(1)The bank has offered a reward for any information _ the arrest of the men.银银行行悬赏悬赏任何能将任何能将这这些人些人绳绳之以法的情之以法的情报报。(2)What _ acting as a
30、career？是什么？是什么让让你开始从事演你开始从事演艺艺事事业业的？的？leading toled you to take up39共 96 页提示：提示：(1)lead to中的中的 to为为介词介词，后面跟代词、名词或，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有：动名词。类似的词组还有：devote to 致力于致力于/pay attention to 对对加以注意加以注意/object to 反对反对/stick to 坚坚持持/look forward to 期望，等等。期望，等等。(2)lead to 不用被动语态。不用被动语态。(3)lead to 是前因后果，而是前因后果，而
31、lie in (result from) 是前果是前果后因。后因。 It is said that a cigarette end caused/led to/resulted in the forest fire.据说是一个烟头引起了这场森林大火。40共 96 页turn take built up 41共 96 页 keep.free from/of 使使免受免受(影响、伤害等影响、伤害等)使使不含不含(有害物有害物)free from 没有没有，免于免于，无无之之忧忧free of 无无的；免于的；免于的的，离开了离开了的的free sb./sth. from. 使某人使某人/某物自由；
32、解放；某物自由；解放；释释放放for freefree of charge 免免费费地地，无无偿偿地地be free to do sth. 自由地做某事自由地做某事be free with sb. 对对某人放肆某人放肆free as the air 自由自在自由自在set sb. free 释释放某人放某人42共 96 页即学即练即学即练13(1)_ the table _ dirt by putting a cover over it.用个用个东东西把桌子罩住西把桌子罩住，免得灰免得灰尘尘落在上面落在上面。(2)The lake _ pollution.这这湖没有湖没有污污染染。(3)The
33、 secretary _ all blame for the errors.这这些失些失误误完全不能怪秘完全不能怪秘书书。(4)Try to _ all prejudices.尽量消除一切偏尽量消除一切偏见见。Keepfree fromis free ofwas free fromfree yourself from43共 96 页struggle regret expand equip comments 44共 96 页C 45共 96 页A B 46共 96 页B 47共 96 页C 48共 96 页The policemans _ traffic directions made all
34、the drivers quite _.Aconfused; confused Bconfusing; confusingCconfusing; confused Dconfused; confusing答案：答案：C解析：解析：confusing “令人迷惑的令人迷惑的”，多修饰物；，多修饰物；confused “感到迷感到迷惑的惑的”，多修饰人。，多修饰人。49共 96 页Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice!Ato take BtakingCnot to take Dnot
35、 taking答案：答案：D解析：考查解析：考查regret 的用法。的用法。 regret to do 遗憾要做某事，遗憾要做某事，regret doing 后悔做了某事。题意为后悔做了某事。题意为“我经常后悔没有听我经常后悔没有听取他的建议取他的建议”。50共 96 页If I ruled the world I would _ the world _ wars, killers and everything else that is bad.Aget rid of; by Bbe rid of; byCrid; of Dget rid; of答案：答案：C解析：考查解析：考查 rid.o
36、f.“使使摆脱摆脱”。51共 96 页(2010安徽皖南八校二联安徽皖南八校二联)One primary goal of UNESCO is to _ modern knowledge society in which all people can participate in information and knowledge.Amake up Bpolish upCbuild up Dtake up答案：答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。解析：考查动词短语辨析。build up建立；建立；take up从事；从事；polish up改善，润色；改善，润色；make up弥补，虚构，整理，和解
37、，化妆。句意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有弥补，虚构，整理，和解，化妆。句意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有的人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。的人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。52共 96 页Through determination, she had learned to read and write and _ to become part of the leadership of the village.Aappeared BstruggledChesitated Dfailed答案：答案：B解析：解析：struggle to do sth.
38、 意为意为“努力做某事努力做某事”。53共 96 页(2010南昌二中南昌二中)On the bank of the river, we found him _ on a beach, with his eyes _ on a kite in the sky.Aseated; fixing Bsitting; fixingCseated; being fixed Dsitting; fixed答案：答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空用解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空用seated或或sitting作宾补，第二空作宾补，第二空是是with复合结构，由复合结构，由fix ones eyes on s
39、th可知应用过去分词可知应用过去分词fixed。 54共 96 页How does Alma like her new job?She _ with the hours.Acant satisfy Bisnt satisfiedCdoesnt satisfy Dhasnt satisfied答案：答案：B解析：解析：be satisfied with 对对感到满意。感到满意。satisfy vt. “使满意使满意”，主语是物，宾语是人。主语是物，宾语是人。55共 96 页(2010山西太原五中山西太原五中)The falling of the new building _ its soft b
40、ase.Aresulted in Bsuffered fromCled to Dlay in答案：答案：D解析：考查短语辨析。语意：新楼的倒塌在于根基不牢。此处解析：考查短语辨析。语意：新楼的倒塌在于根基不牢。此处lie in表示表示“(原因原因)在于在于”。A项与项与C项的意思基本相同，表示项的意思基本相同，表示“导致导致”，B项表示项表示“遭受遭受”，都不符合语意。，都不符合语意。56共 96 页He had to take the medicine three times a day, so as to be_pain in the leg.Afar from Baway fromCap
41、art from Dfree from答案：答案：D解析：解析：be free from “免除免除，摆脱，摆脱”； far from“远离远离” ；be away from “离开离开”；apart from “除了除了”。句意为。句意为“他不得不每天吃三次药，为的是摆脱他不得不每天吃三次药，为的是摆脱腿部的疼痛腿部的疼痛”。57共 96 页Much of the farm is under water; _ the grain, most of that has been ruined.Aowing to Bthanks toCas for Das with答案：答案：C解析：句意：农场大
42、部分被水淹了；至于谷物，大部分已被毁解析：句意：农场大部分被水淹了；至于谷物，大部分已被毁了。了。A.由于；由于；B.幸亏，由于；幸亏，由于；C.至于；至于；D.与与一样。一样。58共 96 页He was very busy, and _ he didnt go to the party that night.Ahowever BotherwiseCtherefore Danyhow答案：答案：C解析：解析：however然而；然而；otherwise否则；否则；therefore因此；因此；anyhow不管怎样。不管怎样。59共 96 页The population of Africa i
43、s _ so rapidly as to cause concern of the whole world.Aexpanding BstretchingCextending Dspreading答案：答案：A解析：解析：expand 不仅指尺寸增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。不仅指尺寸增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。stretch指由曲变直、由短变长；指由曲变直、由短变长；extend指空间范围的扩指空间范围的扩大或长宽的向外延伸，也指时间的延长；大或长宽的向外延伸，也指时间的延长；spread 指向四指向四面八方扩大或传播。面八方扩大或传播。60共 96 页China has successfully sent up the Shenzhou spacecraft into the sky _ with devices of sophisticated science and technology.Aequipped BequippingCto be equipped Dhaving been equipped答案：答案：A解析：解析：be equipped with “装备有装备有”，句中，句中equipped 为为过去分词做后置定语。过去分词做后置定语。61共 96 页结束结束
