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1、土壤污染及防治英语土壤污染及防治英语Environmental pollution and preventionSoil pollution hazards and the status quo3The concept of characteristics of the soil pollution1Soil pollution reasons24Of soil pollution prevention and control measures3.3.Excessive application of fertilizers.Excessive application of fertilizer
2、s. Long-term large-scale use of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, will destroy the soil structure, resulting in soil compaction, degradation of arable soil tilth shallow plowing deteriorated security fertilizer capacity decline and deterioration of the biological properties, and inc
3、rease the cost of agricultural production, the impactthe crop yield and quality4 heavy use of pesticides4 heavy use of pesticides Crops from the soil to absorb pesticides accumulated in plant roots, stems, leaves, fruits and seeds, and endanger human and livestock health through food, feed5 solid wa
4、ste5 solid wastenIndustrial waste and municipal waste soil solid contaminants. For example, a wide range of all kinds of trash generated management, recycling poor, the large amount of waste was left on the land caused by land pollution.6 6 Heavy metal elementsHeavy metal elementsnHeavy metal pollut
5、ants into the soil to the presence of soluble and insoluble particles, such as fluorine, mercury, cadmium, Zn, Pb, Ni such as arsenic, chromium in the soil that can be absorbed by plants and enriched.7 Radioactive substances contaminated 7 Radioactive substances contaminated soilsoilnSoil radiation
6、contamination source of uranium and thorium mining, uranium enrichment, nuclear waste disposal, nuclear weapons explosions, nuclear experiments, coal-fired power plants, phosphate ore mining processing. Easily adsorbed by the soil, the residence time is longer.Third. Hazards and the status quo of th
7、e landHazard:Hazard:1.Soil pollution worsens already strained more shortage of 1.Soil pollution worsens already strained more shortage of arable land resourcesarable land resources2.Soil pollution tremendous threat to peoples health2.Soil pollution tremendous threat to peoples health3.Soil pollution
8、 to adverse impact on agricultural 3.Soil pollution to adverse impact on agricultural development has brought greatdevelopment has brought great4.Soil pollution is also an important reason to cause 4.Soil pollution is also an important reason to cause environmental pollutionenvironmental pollution5.
9、Pollutants in soil pollution migration and retention, and 5.Pollutants in soil pollution migration and retention, and may continue to cause land contaminationmay continue to cause land contamination6.Soil pollution seriously jeopardize the interests of 6.Soil pollution seriously jeopardize the inter
10、ests of future generations, is not conducive to the sustainable future generations, is not conducive to the sustainable development of the rural economydevelopment of the rural economy Currently, the uproar cancer villages. China cancer village space distribution is very uneven, in addition to the f
11、our provinces of Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia has not been found outside the village of cancer, are distributed in 27 provinces across the country, the number of significant differences between these provinces cancer village. Number of cancer Village in Henan Province, more than 39 is the greatest
12、. Causes, removal of part of the formation of the unexplained cancer villages, the formation of the cancer villages remaining 90% are associated with modern industrial pollution. Such factories and mines mainly include chemical plants, printing and dyeing, paper mills, pharmaceutical plants, tanneri
13、es, alcohol plants, power plants, lime kilns, where the chemical plant caused environmental pollution lead to the the cancer villages phenomenon most common. Status: At present, the overall situation of soil pollution in China is grim, serious soil pollution in some areas, the soil heavily polluted
14、area in heavy polluting enterprises or industry-intensive areas, the mining mining areas and the surrounding region, urban and peri-urban areas and high-risk areas. Various types of soil pollution, showing the coexistence of old and new pollutants, inorganic-organic composite pollution situation. So
15、il pollution pathway, the reasons are complicated, difficult to control. Soil environmental supervision and management system is not perfect, inadequate investment in soil pollution prevention, social prevention awareness. Agricultural products quality and safety problems caused by soil pollution an
16、d mass incidents are increasing year by year, become important factors that affect the public health and social stability.Land pollution status of general Land pollution status of general characteristics:characteristics:1. Increased pollution levels According to incomplete survey, the national conta
17、minated farmland and about 1.5 million mu, 3250 mu of arable land irrigated with sewage pollution, solid waste dumps covers an area of 200 mu and Hui Tian, together account for about one-tenth of the total area of cultivated landabove, most of which is concentrated in the more economically developed
18、 regions.2.2.Huge pollution hazard.Huge pollution hazard. It is estimated that the country each year due to heavy metal contamination of food amounted to 12 million tons, resulting in direct economic losses of over 20 billion yuan. Soil pollution caused by harmful substances accumulated in the crop
19、enters the body through the food chain and cause various diseases, ultimately endanger human health. Soil pollution directly affects the structure and function of the soil ecosystem, will eventually become a threat to ecological security.3.3.Pollution prevention foundation is weakPollution preventio
20、n foundation is weak Currently, the area of the national soil pollution, distribution and extent is unclear, the lack of prevention measures targeted. Prevention of soil pollution laws or blank, nor the formation of soil environmental standard system. Limited capital investment, soil science researc
21、h is difficult to carry out in-depth. A considerable part of the masses and the enterprises are lack of awareness of the seriousness and danger of soil pollution。Fourth, the prevention of soil Fourth, the prevention of soil pollutionpollution1.Soil pollution prevention and control, including two asp
22、ects: First, the anti, is to take measures to prevent soil pollution; The second is the rule is already contaminated soil improved governance.2.2.Soil pollution prevention measuresSoil pollution prevention measures 1 scientific use of Sewage Irrigation2 Rational use of pesticides, and actively3 deve
23、lop high-efficiency low-residue pesticides3 Actively promote biological pest4 to raise public awareness of soil conservation 3.3.Soil pollution control measuresSoil pollution control measures1 Bioremediation of contaminated soil2 contaminated soil chemical methods of governance3 increase organic fer
24、tilizer4 regulation of soil redox conditions5 to change the rotation system6 Changing soil and tilling the soil7 implementation of targeted measures In short, according to the environmental policy of prevention first, the primary task of preventing soil pollution control and eliminate soil pollution, prevent soil pollution; contaminated soil, it is necessary to take all effective measures to remove the contaminants in the soil,improve the soil, preventing the migration and transformation of pollutants in the soil.
