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1、定语从句定语从句Theattributiveclauses高考英语语法专题复习高考英语语法专题复习之之-知识回顾知识回顾考点精讲考点精讲跟踪练习跟踪练习真题链接真题链接定语从句定语从句TheattributiveclausesThebabyisreading. Thebabyis_listeningtomusic.Thebabyhas_bigeyes.Thebabyis_carriedbyafamousstar.Which babyWhich baby do you like ? do you like ?Ilikethebaby.Thebabyisreading.Ilikethebabywh
2、o/thatisreading.Which babyWhich baby do you like ? do you like ?Ilikethebaby.Thebabyislisteningtomusic.Ilikethebabywho/thatislisteningtomusic.Which babyWhich baby do you like ? do you like ?Ilikethebaby.Thebabyseyesarebig.Ilikethebabywhoseeyesarebig.Which babyWhich baby do you like ? do you like ?Il
3、ikethebaby.Afamousstariscarryingthebaby.Ilikethebabywho/whom/that/-afamousstariscarrying.TheattributiveclausesIlikethebabywho/thatisreading.Ilikethebabywho/thatislisteningtomusic.Ilikethebabywhoseeyesarebig.Ilikethebabywho/whom/that/-afamousstariscarrying.定语从句定语从句:在复合句中在复合句中,修饰某一修饰某一或或的从句叫定语从句的从句叫定语
4、从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做代词叫做“”.引导定语从句的词叫引导定语从句的词叫“” 名词名词代词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词基础知识基础知识Ilikethebabywho/thatisreading.先行词关系词定定语语从从句句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句基础知识基础知识The accident happened at the time when I left.His mother, whom he
5、 loved deeply, died ten years ago. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定定语语从从句句对先行词起限定作用对先行词起限定作用,与先与先行词关系十分密切。行词关系十分密切。不用逗号隔开不用逗号隔开,也不能省略也不能省略,否则句意就不完整。否则句意就不完整。非非限限制制性性定定从从限限制制性性定定从从只是对先行词做补充说明只是对先行词做补充说明,与先行词与先行词的关系也比较松散。的关系也比较松散。常用逗号与主句隔开，如果省略常用逗号与主句隔开，如果省略,原原句意义仍然完整。句意义仍然完整。引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代人
6、指代事物指代事物所属关系所属关系指地点指地点指时间指时间指原因指原因who,whom,thatwhich,that,aswhose,ofwhich/whomwherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词注：关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略注：关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。.定语从句考点精讲定语从句考点精讲1.that与与which2.关系副词的用法关系副词的用法3.介词介词+关系词关系词4.关系词关系词as的用法的用法5.定从与其他复合句的区分定从与其他复合句的区分6.综合考查综合考查考考点点难难点点.考点一、考点一、thatorwhich?1.Thisisall
7、_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itABBChoosethecorrectanswers:4.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.whichhaveeverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavew
8、ritten5.Thescientistandhisachievements_youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose6.Whichofthebooks_wereborrowedfromhimisthebest?A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whoseACB先行词是先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词时等不定代词时;先行词被先行词被all,any,every,no,some,little,much等词修饰时等词修饰时;先行词被序数词或形容词最
9、高级修饰时先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery(正是正是,恰是恰是),thelast修饰时修饰时;当先行词既有人又有物当先行词既有人又有物,定语从句用定语从句用that引导引导(that既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物)若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词who,which时，为了避免重复时，为了避免重复,关系代词不再用关系代词不再用who,which.-结论结论1:先行词有下列情况时先行词有下列情况时,通常通常用关系代词用关系代词that：1.Ihavelostmywatch,_Ilikeverymuch.2.TaiwanispartofChin
10、a,_isknowntoallofus.3.Canyoulendmethebookabout_youtalkedlastnight?whichwhichwhichChoosing:thatorwhich?结论结论2.引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词which,不用不用that,且不省略。且不省略。介词介词+关系词引导定语从句关系词引导定语从句,先行词是物时，只先行词是物时，只用用which，不用，不用that.1.(2010全国全国，16）Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_wassomeoneelsesfault.A.w
11、hoB.thatC.asD.what高考真题链接高考真题链接2.(2011北京，北京，26）MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that高考真题链接高考真题链接Tips:注意插入语注意插入语.考点二、考点二、关系副词的用法关系副词的用法关系副词关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句引导定语从句时，时，when在从句中充当时间状语在从句中充当时间状语,where在从句中充当地点状语，在从句中充当地点状语，why在从句中充当原因状
12、语，在从句中充当原因状语，介词介词whichDoyoustillremembertheday_wejoinedtheParty?=onwhichwhenThisisthefactory_myfatherworks?Thisisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek?Thatisthereason_youarealwayslate.Thatisthereason_hegaveus.which/that/-which/that/-where/inwhichwhy/forwhichBlank-filling:先行词为先行词为时间、地点、时间、地点、原因的名词原因的名词时时关系词在关
13、系词在定从中作定从中作状语时状语时关系词在关系词在定从中作定从中作主语或者主语或者宾语时宾语时whenwhenWhereWherewhywhy=介词介词介词介词 + +whichwhichthat/whichthat/which要点一：要点一：1.A.Pisaisacity,_hasaleaningtower.B.Pisaisacity,_thereisaleaningtower.a.whichb.thatc.whered.there2.A.Westillrememberedthedays_wetravelledtogether.B.Westillrememberedthedays_wespe
14、nttogether.a.whenb.whichc.inthatd.thereacabPRACTICEMAKESPERFECT1.Ivecometothepoint_Icantstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituation_awarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。要点二、某些特殊词之后的要点二、某些特殊词之后的where解析：某些抽象地点名词如：解析：某些抽象地点名词如：point,stage,situation,cas
15、e,condition,activity,celebration等做先行词时，等做先行词时，定语从句常用定语从句常用where引导，表示抽象化的地点。引导，表示抽象化的地点。wherewhere1.(2010福建，福建，24）StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose高考真题链接高考真题链接2.(2011天津，天津，10）Thedaysaregone_physicalstrengthwasallyouneed
16、edtomakealiving.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which高考真题链接高考真题链接3.(2011山东，山东，32）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that高考真题链接高考真题链接4.(2009浙江，浙江，14）Ihavereachedapointinmylife_Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why高考真题链接高考真题链接.考点三、考点三、介词介词+
17、关系词关系词Thisisthemachineon_shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhom要点要点1：紧跟介词的关紧跟介词的关系词，引导定语从句时系词，引导定语从句时,指事物用指事物用which,指人用指人用whom。用适当的关系词填空：用适当的关系词填空：1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding_thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontofthat2.Illnev
18、erforgettheday_Ifirstmetyou.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCABChoosethecorrectanswers:1 1）、看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；）、看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；-Whatwerethethings_whichhewasnotsosure?2 2）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配；配
19、；-Thespeed_whichyoudriveyourcarmustntbetoohigh.3 3）、可以通过句子的整体含义）、可以通过句子的整体含义, ,结合生活实际来判断。结合生活实际来判断。-Chinahasmanyrivers,_whichtheYangtze Riveristhelongest.要点要点2 2：介词：介词关系代词引导的定语从关系代词引导的定语从句中句中, , 介词介词如何选择如何选择aboutatof/among1.Jeannewasheroldfriend,_sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.tow
20、hom2.Hisglasses,_hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that3.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCDPRACTICEMAKESPERFECT1.(2010上海，上海，38）Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_wemayturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhi
21、chC.towhichD.fromwhich高考真题链接高考真题链接2.(2009全国，全国，28）Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof_Ihadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.that高考真题链接高考真题链接.考点四、考点四、关系词关系词as的用法的用法关系代词关系代词as既可以引导限制性定从，也可既可以引导限制性定从，也可以引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况以引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况：1.先行词有先行词有so,such,thesame修饰时，后修饰时，后面的定语从句常用面的定语从句常用as引导，引导，as在从句在从
22、句中可充当主语，宾语，表语。中可充当主语，宾语，表语。Thereisnosuchplace_youdreamofinthisworld.世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。Ihavethesametrouble_youhave.我和你有同样的麻烦。我和你有同样的麻烦。asas2.在非限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，as常常用于固用于固定搭配。定搭配。Asisknowntoall/Asweallknow众所周知众所周知Ashasbeensaid/mentionedbefore如前所述如前所述Asoftenhappens/Asisoftenthecase正如
23、经常发生的那样正如经常发生的那样在此用法中在此用法中,as所引导的定所引导的定语从句可放在主句的句首、语从句可放在主句的句首、句中、句末。句中、句末。1._wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_weuseintheexperiment_Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,_hedrankimmediately.A.thatB.asC.whichD.whoDACChoosethecorrect
24、answers:要点要点:引导非限制性定语从句时，引导非限制性定语从句时，as跟跟which的区别：的区别：asas“正如正如正像正像”句首，句首，句中，句中，句末句末若关系词指若关系词指代前面整句代前面整句话，且位于话，且位于主句之后，主句之后，二者有时候二者有时候可以互换可以互换. .whichwhich“这这”“这件事这件事”句中，句中，句末句末1.Itwasraining,_wasapity.A.whatB.thatC.thewhichD.which2._hasbeensaidabove,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.
25、As3.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like4.Theearthisround,_isknowntousall.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.asDDBDPRACTICEMAKESPERFECT1._isgenerallythecase,thosewhocarefortheweakestmembersofsocietyarerespected.A.WhichB.ThatC.WhatD.As高考真题链接高考真题链接2.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,_isa
26、stupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which 高考真题链接高考真题链接.考点五考点五：定语从句与其他定语从句与其他复合句的区分复合句的区分1.定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句Weallhaveheardthenews_ourteamwon.Wedontbelievethenews_hetoldusyesterday.thatthat/which同位语从句，同位语从句，that从句表示的是从句表示的是news的内容，的内容，that在从句中不作任何成分。在从句中不作任何成分。 定语从句，定语从句，that引导的句子修饰前面的
27、引导的句子修饰前面的news，that/which在从句中充当宾语。在从句中充当宾语。 2.定语从句与状语从句定语从句与状语从句Heleftthekey_hehadbeenanhourbefore.Helefttheplace_helivedformanyyears.wherewherewhere引导的是状语从句，表示地点；引导的是状语从句，表示地点；相当于相当于intheplacewhere where引导的是定语从句，修饰引导的是定语从句，修饰theplace，where在从句中做状语。在从句中做状语。易混淆句型Heissuchagoodteacher_allofusloveandresp
28、ect.Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllikehim.asthat as引导的是限制性定语从句，引导的是限制性定语从句，as在从句中充当宾语。在从句中充当宾语。that引导的是结果状语从句引导的是结果状语从句,在句子中不作成分，在句子中不作成分，句型句型suchthat翻译成翻译成“如此如此以致以致”3定语从句与主语从句定语从句与主语从句_isknowntousall,paperwasfirstmadeinChina._isknowntousallthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.AsItas引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语
29、从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首，句中，句末。可置于句首，句中，句末。 it做形式主语，指代做形式主语，指代that引导的主语从句引导的主语从句4定语从句与强调结构定语从句与强调结构Itisthehouse_Imettheyoungman.Itwasinthehouse_Imettheyoungman.wherethat (where引导的是定语从句，修饰引导的是定语从句，修饰house，where在定语从句中作地点状语在定语从句中作地点状语) (本句为强调结构，去掉本句为强调结构，去掉itwasthat,句子依然完整，句子依然完整，可还原为可还原为Imettheyoungmanintheh
30、ouse.) 1.A.Thenews_hetolduswasveryexciting.B.Hehasbroughtusthenews_ourteamhaswonthegame.a.whatb.asc.thatd.where2.Itisinabox_Ihavehiddenmymoney.Wellgo_weareneeded.a.thatb.inwhichc.whered.initccacPRACTICEMAKESPERFECT3.A.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanlift.B.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanliftit.a.whichb.thatc
31、.asd.aboutwhich4.A.All_Ineedisagoodrest.B._Ineedisagoodrest.a.Whatb.Allwhatc.thatd.Whichcbca1.(2008福建，福建，27)_isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which高考真题链接高考真题链接2.Thenewscame_theBritishQueensmothercelebratedher101thbirthdayingoodhealth,_isntsurprising,becau
32、seshelivesaneasylifeandgetsthebestmedicalcare.A.that;whichB.which;whichC.that;thatD.when;as 高考真题链接高考真题链接3.Theplace_thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江苏）江苏）A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich高考真题链接高考真题链接HomeworkHomeworkThanks for your Thanks for your attention!attention!
