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1、Unit4DiscoveringusefulstructuresREADTHESENTENCESINTHETEXT.NeverwillZhouYangforgethisassignmentattheofficeofChinaDaily.Onlywhenyouhaveseenwhatheorshedoes,canyoucoverastorybyyourself.NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography,butI(also)tookacourseatuniversity.Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquireall
2、theinformationyouneedtoknow.Herecomesmylistof“dos”and“donts”.InversionInversion倒装句倒装句倒装句倒装句一、概述：一、概述：英语句子的基本语序是主语在前、谓语英语句子的基本语序是主语在前、谓语动词在后（动词在后（the natural orderthe natural order），当），当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构（语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构（the the inverted orderinverted order）。把谓语的全部放在）。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为主语之前称为完全倒装完全倒装；而只把助动词；而只把助动
3、词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分部分倒装倒装。 IloveEnglish.基本语序基本语序naturalordersubject(主主)+predicate(谓谓)+object(宾宾)倒装的分类倒装的分类1. 部分倒装：主语与助动词部分倒装：主语与助动词/情态动词情态动词/系动词倒装系动词倒装 结构：结构：助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+ 主语主语+谓语动词谓语动词 Never have I heard such a thing.= I have never heard such a thing.2. 全部倒装：全部倒装： 主语与谓语动词倒装主语与谓语动词倒
4、装 结构：结构：谓语动词谓语动词+ 主语主语 Down fell the rain.= The rain fell down.1.here,there,now,then,thus，out，away,up,down等副词置于句首等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run等等。当其主语为名词当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒装。例如：时，通常要使用倒装。例如： a.Theregoesthebell.b.Thencamethechairman.c.Hereisyourletter.d.Awaywenttheboytotheschool.e.Offgoesthewoman
5、.全部倒装句全部倒装句注意：上述全部倒装句型结构中的主语注意：上述全部倒装句型结构中的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。能倒装。Herehecomes.Awaytheywent.2.以引导词以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除装结构，除therebe外还有外还有therelive/stand/lie/exist等。例如：等。例如：a.Therearethreebooksonthedeskb.Therelivedanoldfishermannearthesea.c.Therestandsatallbuildingint
6、hecentreofthetown.3.so,neither,nor表示前面所述一件事也适表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时。合另一个人或物时。so用于肯定句用于肯定句,neither/nor用于否定句。用于否定句。a.TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.b.Ifyoudontgo,neitherwillI.2)但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用物，就用Soitis/waswithsb.或或Itis/wasthesamewithsb.。MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelang
7、uage.SoitwaswithEngels.注意：注意：1)当当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定，意为肯定，意为“的确如此的确如此”时，不可用倒装结构。时，不可用倒装结构。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.-Itsraininghard.-Soitis.4.介词短语做地点状语放在句首时介词短语做地点状语放在句首时a.Inthecottagelivesafamilyofsix.b.Nearthebridgewasanoldcottage.c.Infrontofthehousesatalittleboy.部分倒
8、装句部分倒装句1.疑问句疑问句a.Haveyouseenthefilm?b.Whenarewegoingtodrinktoyourhappiness?注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然语序。语序。c.Whoisyoursister?d.Whatisourwork?2.so/such.that的的so/such位于句首时位于句首时a.Soloudlydidthestudentsreadthatpeoplecouldhearthemoutinthestreet.b.Sosmallwerethewordsthathecouldhardlyseethem.c.Su
9、chafamousmanheisthateveryonewantstotakeaphotowithhim.3.否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见的有：的有：innoway,notonlybutalso,never,little,rarely,seldom,hardly.When,nosoonerthan,scarcelywhen,innocase,notuntil(当当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装倒装，从句不倒装)等。等。a.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavet
10、heroom.b.HardlycanIfollowyou.c.SeldomdoIvisitUSA.d.NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.注意：注意： 如否定词不在句首则不倒装。如否定词不在句首则不倒装。e.Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.f.Themotherdidntleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.4.由由as或或though引导的让步壮语从句引导的让步壮语从句表语十表语十as主语十系动词主语十系动词be；动词原形动词原形as主语十助动词。例如：主语十助动词。例如：a.Youngasheis,h
11、eknowssomeofthefamily.b.TryasImight,Icouldnotliftthestone.注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠词。词。c.Childasheis,heknowsgoodEnglish.5.省略连词省略连词if的条件副词分句的条件副词分句 WereIyou,Iwouldnotdosuchathing.=IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdosuchathing.Wouldthemachinebreakdownagain,senditbacktous.=Ifthemachinewouldbreakdownaga
12、in,senditbacktous.Hadyouworkedharder,youwouldhavepassed.=Ifyouhadworkedharder,youwouldhavepassed.6.有些表示有些表示“感叹、祝愿感叹、祝愿”等语气的句等语气的句子，也可使用倒装结构。子，也可使用倒装结构。a.Isntitcold!天气真冷！天气真冷！b.Maybothbehappy!祝你们两位幸福！祝你们两位幸福！c.MayGodblessyou.愿上帝赐福于你。愿上帝赐福于你。d.Longlivetheking!国王万岁！国王万岁！7.only位于句首、强调句子的状语时位于句首、强调句子的状语时
13、a.OnlythendidIfullyunderstandwhatmyfathersaid.b.OnlywhenIleftschooldidIrealizehowimportantstudyis.注意注意:如果如果only强调的是句子主语时，句子不强调的是句子主语时，句子不倒装。倒装。c.Onlyhecanhelpus.8.在在“such+be+主语主语”的结构中的结构中Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.=Thestoryhetoldmewassuch.SuchwaswhatPeterspokeatthemeeting.=WhatPeterspokeatthemeetingwas
14、such.Rewritethesesentenceusingnormalwordorder.1.Ididnotknowhowtousethatrecorder.Neitherdidhe.NeitherheorIknewhowtousethatrecorder.2.OnlythendidIbeginmyworkondesigninganewbridge.Ionlybeganmyworkondesigninganewbridgethen.3.NotonlywasthereaChristmastree,butalsoexcitingpresentsunderit.TherewasnotonlyaCh
15、ristmastreebutalsoexcitingpresentsunderit.4.“Iseverythingreadyyet?”askedHuXintothephotographer.HuXinaskedthephotographer,“Iseverythingreadyyet?”Rewritethesesentencesusinginversion.First,findthephrasetobeginwith.Thenchangethewordorderofthesentence.Usethewordsorphrasesunderlinedtorewritethesesentences
16、.1.YouwillseesomanyseatsonlyatastadiuminBeijing.OnlyatastadiuminBeijingwillyouseesomanyseats.2.Ihaveseldomseenasituationwhichmademesoangry.SeldomhaveIseenasituationwhichmademesoangry.3.Youwillbeabletowriteagoodreportonlyafteryouhaveacquiredtheinformationyouneed.Onlyafteryouhaveacquiredtheinformation
17、youneedwillyoubeabletowriteagoodreport.4.Hegavealotofpresentstohisfriends,buthehasnevergivenonetome.Neverhashegivenapresenttomethoughhegavealot(ofpresents)tohisfriends.5.Sheisnotonlygoodatlanguages,butalsoathistoryandgeography.Notonlyisshegoodatlanguage,butsheisalsogoodathistoryandgeography.6.Ihaven
18、everreadsuchanexcitingreportbefore.NeverbeforehaveIreadsuchanexcitingreport.7.Shetookpartinahorseridingcompetition,anddidnotmissajumponce.Notoncedidshemissajumpwhenshetookpartinthehorseridingcompetition.Certainexpressionscanintroduceaninvertedsentence.Nowcompletethefollowingsentencesthatbeginwiththe
19、seexpressions.1)Onlyafter_did_.2)Notoncedid_.myoperationmyneighbourscomeroundtooffermesupportyoucometosayyouweresorryafterbreakingthevase3.SeldomhaveI_.4.Onlybydoing_could_.5.Onlyina_can_.beensohappyaswhenmysongraduatedfromuniversityherexerciseeverydayJanehopetorunprofessionallyagainfilmpeoplegethit
20、andneverseemtofeelthepain6.Notoncedid_.7.Onlythendid_.ZhouJiereceiveanadmissionnoticetoBeijinguniversity,buthealsowonascholarshiptostudyinAmerica.sherememberwhatheraunttoldherCompletethesentences.1.Onlywithaproperkey,_.(你才能打开门你才能打开门)canyouopenthedoor2.Onlywhenyouvedoneyourhomework,_.(你才可以去玩篮球你才可以去玩篮
21、球)may/canyougotoplaybasketball3.Onlyafterhehaddonesomereading,_.(他才去洗衣服他才去洗衣服)didhegotodosomewashing1._toraintomorrow,theywouldputoffthemeeting.A.IfitshouldB.IfwereitC.ShoulditD.wereit2._gotintotheroom_thetelephonerang.A.Nosoonerhadhe,whenB.Hehardlyhad,thenC.Hardlyhadhe,whenD.Hehardlyhad,then3._find
22、outwhathadhappened.A.UntilhewokeupdidheB.UntilhewokeuptoC.NotuntildidhewakeupheD.Notuntilhewokeupdidhe4.Little_abouthisownhealththoughhewasveryill.A.hecaredB.hecaresC.doeshecareD.didhecareDCDDChoosethebestanswers.5. Early in the day _ the news _ the enemy were gone. A. come, that B. came , that C. c
23、omes ,that D. came , what 6. Not only _ strict with us, but also _ for us. A. was the teacher ; did he care B. was the teacher ; he cared C. the teacher was ; did he care D. the teacher was ; did he care7. _, he knows a lot of English . A. Child as he is B. As he is a child C. A child as he is D. Ch
24、ild though he was 8. _ the cat , she has to give it to the neighbor. A. As she likes much B. As she much likes C. Much as she likes D. As much she likes BBCA9.Bequick!_.A.HerecomesthebusB.ThebusherecomesC.ThebuscomehereD.Herethebuscomes10.Ifyouwanttogothere,_.A.sowillIB.soIwillC.IwillsoD.sodoI11.Inf
25、rontofthefarmhouse_.A.doesasmallboysitB.didasmallboysitC.sitasmallboyD.satasmallboy12.Scarcely_downwhen_aknockatthedoor.A.hadhesat;didhehearB.hehadsat;didhehearC.hehadsat;heheardD.hadhesat;heheardAADD13.Here_.A.doeshecomeB.hecomesC.comesheD.hecome14.Only_that.A.canadoctordoB.adoctorcandoC.candoadoct
26、orD.canadoctordoes15.Notevenonce_alie.A.hasMiketoldB.MikehastoldC.hadMiketoldD.Mikehadtold16.Up_intotheair.A.wentthearrowB.thearrowwentC.didthearrowgoD.doesthearrowgoBBAA17. Not for a moment _ what he said. A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would believe D. I believe18. In _ and the students stood
27、 up. A. the teacher comes B. the teacher coming C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come 19. No sooner _ begun to speak than I realized that something was wrong. A. he has B. he had C. had he D. did heBCC20.WhycantIsmokehere?Well,didntyoureadthenoticesayingthatatnotime_inthemeeting-room?A.issmoki
28、ngpermittedB.smokingispermittedC.smokingpermitsD.doessmokingpermit21.Notuntilseveralyearsago_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.peopledidrealizeB.peoplerealizeC.didntpeoplerealizeD.didpeoplerealizeAD22.Nosooner_thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thefootballmatchbeganB.hasthefootballmatchbegunC.thefootballmatchhasb
29、egunD.hadthefootballmatchbegun23.DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?Idont,_.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.IdontcarealsoDB24._breadanddrinks,theyalsobroughtaguitarforentertainment.A.NotonlytheybroughtB.NotonlybroughttheyC.NotonlydidtheybringD.Notonlytheywouldbring25._onherheadwhileJa
30、newasplayinginthesquarewithhercousin.A.FellabirddownB.DownabirdfellC.DownfellabirdD.FelldownabirdCCTranslatethesentencesusinginversion.1.三年前她很少考虑父母的感受。三年前她很少考虑父母的感受。2.直到直到20世纪世纪50年代人们才开始制造这种机年代人们才开始制造这种机器。器。3.我们班里的男同学不仅对篮球感兴趣我们班里的男同学不仅对篮球感兴趣,而且而且对足球也感兴趣。对足球也感兴趣。Notonlyaretheboysinourclassinterestedi
31、nbasketball,butalsotheyreinterestedinfootball. Seldomdidsheconsiderhowherparentsfeltthreeyearsago.Notuntilthe1950sdidsuchmachinesbegintobemade.4.一遇到她的朋友一遇到她的朋友,李丽就开始抱怨自己的李丽就开始抱怨自己的工作。工作。5.只有通过努力工作只有通过努力工作,你才有望加薪。你才有望加薪。6.我永远不会忘记和父母在一起生活的那我永远不会忘记和父母在一起生活的那些日子。些日子。HardlyhadsheencounteredherfriendswhenLiListartedtocomplainaboutherwork.Onlybyworkinghardcanyouexpecttogetapayraise.NevershallIforgetthedayswhenIlivedwithmyparents.1.Reviewthegrammarfocusandfinishtheexercisesonpage64.2.Previewthereadingpassageonpage30.
