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1、现在完成时1. 现在完成时的构成：现在完成时由助动词havehas + 过去分词构成，第三人称单数用has，其余用have。I have been in Shenzhen for seven years. Lily hasn t been to America before. 2. 现在完成时的用法：1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响 。My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。I m sure we ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到
2、了。2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态, for , since,yet 等。如：I haven t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。We haven t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday. 3. 常和现在完成时连用的时间状语：already, yet, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never ， since，
3、for 等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。I haven t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。They have never been to Yan an. 他们从未去过延安。I havent seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。She has been an independent girl since her father passed away. 自从父亲去世后，这女孩就变得独立了。Jack has been a doctor for 10 years.杰克做医生已经10 年了。4. 现在完成时的否定式和疑问句。否定句：在hav
4、ehas后加 not 结构：主语 +hashave+not +过去分词 +其他一般疑问句：HasHave 提到主语前，其他照写。结构：HaveHas+主语 +过去分词 +其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句注意： 肯定句中如有someand，在否定句或者一般疑问句中要变成anyor，即some-any and-or 以 study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：肯定句否定句疑问句回答精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页I have studied German before. I have not (ha
5、ven t) studied German before. Have you studied German before? Yes, I have. No,I haven t have not. He has studied German before. He has nothasn t studied German before. Has he studied German before? Yes,he has.No,he hasn t have not. 5. 部分不规则变化动词表Base Form Past Form Past Participle bear bore born beat
6、 beat beaten become became become blow blew blown bring brought brought build built built buy bought bought catch caught caught choose chose chosen come came come do did done drink drank drunk drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen find found found fly flew flown get got got give gave giv
7、en go went gone grow grew grown have had had hear heard heard keep kept kept leave left left lose lost lost make made made put put put read read read run ran run say said said see saw seen sell sold sold 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页send sent sent sing sang sung sink sank/
8、sunk sunk take took taken teach taught taught write wrote wrote am, is was been are were been 6.注意：1.since 和 for 的区别since后接过去的某个时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for 后接一段时间，表示“ 长达多久 ” ，如 ten years, a while, two days 等。Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.
9、2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 oclock. 5. India has been an independent country _1974. 6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty
10、_ many years. 8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October. 2.表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等， 在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks. The old man has died for 4 months. They have left only for 5 minutes. 以上三句话可以改为：He
11、has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has _ _ for 4 months. They have _ _ only for 5 minutes 3.have (has) been （toin ）+地点和 have (has) gone(to)+ 地点的区别：“ 曾到过某地 ” =“ have (has) been” ; 去过，现在已经回来了。“ 已经去某地 ” = “ have (has) gone”。去了没有回来。试比较：Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不
12、在）They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。 （现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。 （可能在路上和已经到加拿大）随堂练习：一、用单词的适当形式填空精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页1.She s _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong
13、ten days ago. 4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave). 5. Mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _(see) it here and there? 6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet? 7. -Are you thirsty? -No I _just _ (have) some orange. 8. We already _ (return) the book. 9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village? 10. I
14、 _(not finish) my homework . Can you help me? 11. My father (read) the novel twice. 12. I _ (buy) a book just now. 13. I _ (lost ) my watch yesterday. 二、单选题1. How long have you _ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my
15、 age was 6. 3. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that 5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. -W
16、hat a nice dress! How long _ you _ it? -Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.-Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I _ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B.
17、 lived C. have been D. live 9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 10. -_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going 三、将下列句子变成否定句，一般疑问句，并对划线部
18、分提问。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页1) I have been there for two days. 否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：2) My father has lived here since 2000. 否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：3) He left here yesterday. 否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：4) They bought a book two hours ago. 否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：四、用“ never, ever, already, ju
19、st, yet, for, since” to 填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _ finished his homework. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years. 4. “ Have you _ seen the film?” “ No, I have _ seen it.”5. “ Has the bus left _?” “ Yes, it has _ left.”五、用 have(has) been 或 hav
20、e(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _? B: He _ to Hainan Island. A: How long _ he _ there? B: He _ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I m afraid he won t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _ never _ there. A: How many times _ Li
21、 Fei _ to that place? B: He _ there only once. 五、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to 及 go 的适当形式填空。1) Where is Jack? He _ Canada. 2) David _ _ _ the park just now. 3) John _ England since he came back. 4) How long _ they _ this village? 5) The Smiths _ _ Beijing for years. 6) _ you ever _ America
22、? - Yes, I _ there many times. 7) I _ this school since three years ago. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页8) Where is Jim? He _ _ the farm. 9) When_ _ he _ _? He _ an hour ago. 10) Would you like to _ to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ _ there before. 11) Where _ you _ now? - I
23、 _ to the zoo. 12) He often _ _ swimming. 13) _ _ you _ _ there last year? 14) _ they often _ skating in winter? 六、用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _ finished his homework. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ te
24、n years. 4. “ Have you _ seen the film?” “ No, I have _ seen it.”5. “ Has the bus left _?” “ Yes, it has _ left.”答案随堂练习一 、 1.lived 2.have been 3.came 4.has passed,left 5.lost,have seen 6.Have,found 7.have,had 8.have,returned 9.Have,built 10.haven t finished 11.has read 12.bought 13.lost 二、 1-5 DCBBB 1-6 DCCBB 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页
