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1、学习必备欢迎下载动词-ing 做状语【学案】（必修四第四单元语法点）1.-ing短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。2. -ing 短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作， 一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。1. 作时间状语-ing 短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =When_, they couldn t helpcrying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。Having received his letter, I
2、 decided to write back. =After_, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。注意：当 v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：having done _(finish) his homework, he rushed out to play basketball. 2. 作原因状语-ing 短语作原因状语置于句首。如：Being so angry, he couldn t go to sleep. =Because_, he couldnt go to sleep. 因为太生气了， 他不能入睡。Ha
3、ving been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week. =_he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week. 因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。3. 作条件状语-ing作 条 件 状 语 置 于 句 首 或 句 末 。 如 ： Working hard, you will succeed. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载=If_, you wi
4、ll succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。4. 作让步状语-ing 短语作让步状语，可置于句首或句末，常与 even if, though 连用。如：Though working from morning till night, his father didnt get enough food.=Though_ _, he didnt get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。5. 作伴随状语置于句首或句末。如： They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They san
5、g and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。注意：连词 +现在分词1. -ing 短语与 when, while, though, until, if等连词连用时，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。如：When working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. =When_, he Though willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation. =Though he was willing to attend the
6、 party, was an advanced worker. 用 “ 连词+现在分词 ” 的结构If you play all day, you will waste your valuable time. =If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 2. 动词-ing 形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如：He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket. = When he traveled on t
7、he plane like this, he kept the tortoise hidden in a blanket. Choose the correct sentence.（T / F）1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly. 2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页学习必备
8、欢迎下载b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it. 3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started b
9、arking. 5. a. Being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week. b. It being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week. -ing 形式的否定式为在其前面加not。如：He sat there, not knowing what to say. 注意：1.当 v-ing 形式与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时，应使用被动式： being done Being helped by the teacher, she will learn English w
10、ell. 2. 当 v-ing 形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应用完成被动式： having been done Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. =_(translate)into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world. 练习： （单项选择）1. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ the delay. A. to cause B. causing C. c
11、aused D. cause2. After seeing the movie, _. A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页
