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1、外文原文：Programmable designed for electro-pneumatic systems controllerAbstractThis project deals with the study of electro-pneumatic systems and The programmable controller that provides an effective and easy way to Control the sequence of the pneumatic actuators movement and the states of pneumatic sy
2、stem. The project of a specific controller for pneumatic applications join the study of automation design and the control processing of pneumatic systems with the electronic design based on microcontrollers to implement the resources of the controller.1.IntroductionThe automation systems that use el
3、ectro-pneumatic technology are formed mainly by three kinds of elements: actuators or motors,sensors or buttons and control elements like valves. Nowadays,mostof the control elements used to execute the logic of the system were substituted by the Programmable Logic Controller(PLC). Sensors and switc
4、hes are plugged as inputs and the direct cntrol valves for the actuators are plugged as outputs. An internal program executes all the logic necessary to the sequence of the movements,simulates other components like counter,timer and control the status of the system.With the use of the PLC,the projec
5、t wins agility,because it is possible to create and simulate the aystem as many times as nended .therefore,time can be saved,risk of mistakes reduced and complexity can be increased using the same elements. A conventional PLC,this is possible to find on the market from many companies,offers many res
6、ources to control not only pneumatic systems,but all kinds of system that uses electrical comonents .the PLC can be very versatile and robust be applied in many kinds of application in the industry or even security system and automation of buildings.Because of those characteristics,in some applicati
7、ons the PLC offers to much resources that are not even used to control the system,electro-pneumatic system is one of this kind of application.The use of PLC,especially for small Size systems,can be very expensive for the automation project.An alterative in this case is to create a specific controlle
8、r that can offer the exactly size and resources that the project nends.this can be made using micrcontrollers as the base of this controller.The controller,based on microcontroller,can be very specific and adapted to only One kind of machine or it can work as a generic controller that can be program
9、med.As a usual PLC and work with logic that can be changed. All the characteristics depend on what is needed and how much experience the designer has with developing an electronic circuit and firmware for microcontroller.But the main advantage of design the controller with the microcontroller is tha
10、t the designer has the total knowledge of his controller,which makes it possible to control the size of the controller,change the complexity and the application of it.It means that the project gets more independence from other companies,but at the same time the responsibility of the control of the s
11、ystem stays at the designer hands.2.Electro-pneumatic systemOn automation system one can find three basic components mentioned before,plus A logic circuit that controls the system. An adequate technique is needed to project the logic circuit and integrate all the necessary components to execute the
12、sequence of movements properly.For asimple direct sequence of movement an intuitive method can be used1,5,but for indirect or more complex sequences the intuition can generate a very complicated circuit and signal mistakes.It is necessary to use another method that can save time of the project,make
13、a clean circuit, can eliminate occasional signal overlapping and redundant circuits.The presented method is called step-by-step or lgorithmic,it is valid for pneumatic and electro-pneumatic systems and it was used as a base in this work. The method consists of designing the systems based on standard
14、 circuits made for each change on the state of the actuators,these changes are called steps.The first part is to design those kinds of standard circuits for each step,the next task is to link the standard circuits and the last part is to connect the control elements that receive signals from sensors
15、, switches and the previous movements,and give the air or electricity to the supply lines of each step.In Figs.(1) and (2) the standard circuits are drawn for pneumatic and electro-pneumatic system.It is possible to see the relations with the previous and the next steps.3.the method applied inside t
16、he controllerThe result of the method presented before is a sequence of movements of the actuator that is well defined by stepas .It means that each change on the position of the actuators is a new state of the system and the transition between states is calld step.The standard circuit described before helps the designer to define the states of the systems and to define the condition to each change between the states. In the end of the design,the system is
