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1、学习好资料欢迎下载名词性从句从句有名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三大类。名词性从句又可分为宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句及同位语从 句，因为从句的在这个句子中的功用相当于名词； 定语从句有称为形容词性从句，因为从句功能相当于形容词； 而状语从句则称为副词性从句，因为从句功能相当于副词 。什么是名词性从句?在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位 语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。宾语从句 ( The Object Clause)表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause)主语从句 ( The Subject Clause)同位语从句 ( The A
2、ppositive Clause)宾语从句一、关联词：关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。连词：1.连接代词(that, who, whom, what, which)2. 连接副词(when, where, why, how)3. 从属连词(if, whether)由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用 if 或 whether 引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则,结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：1. I dont know who will be our headteacher next semester. 缺指人的主 语用who,如缺指物的主语则用what
3、。2. I doubt what my e-pal will write soon.缺指物的宾语用 what,如缺指 人的宾语则用 whom。3. I think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects. 句子 不缺成分，用that;如果that后跟有代词，可省略that。4. She let me know when the meeting would be held. 缺时间状语,用 when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语， 用 how。5. I dont know which / wh
4、at topic I should choose. 缺定语,用 what 或 which。6. The teacher asked whether / if I was getting ready for the coming test.表示“是否（有，能，已经）”等含义，用whether或if。7. Id be interested to know whether he will see the movie“Dawn” or not. 强调是否对比时,用连词 whether。1）选择题例 1 A computer can only do you have instructed it to d
5、o.A. howB. after C. whatD. when例2 Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.A. whyB. what C. who D. that例3 The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was notenough.A. whereB. howC. whatD. which学习好资料欢迎下载例 4 The way he did it was different we were used to.A. in which B. in w
6、hat C. from what D. from which例 5 He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning his teammates had done.A. what B. which C. why D. while2）用合适的连接词填空1. Wang Hai told me he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Can you tell me else is going to be on duty today?（who,whom）3. She
7、 said it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks he can do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know the bridge will be finished. （how long,how soon）二、语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主 句+连词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+.） ”句式。例 6 No one can be sure in a million years.A. what man will look likeB. what will man
8、look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like 例 7 The boss went up to ask .A. what the matter was B. whats the matter学习好资料欢迎下载C. what was the matter D. what the matter is三、种类1. 作动词的宾语 由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略)，例如:I heard that be joined the army.(2) 由 what， whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如:1)
9、She did not know what had happened.2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如:She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介词的宾语例如: Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3. 作形容词的宾语例如: I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.that 引导的从句常跟在下
10、列形容词后作宾语:anxious， aware， certain， confident， convinced， determined， glad， proud， surprised， worried， sorry， thankful， ashamed， disappointed，学习好资料欢迎下载annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的 that 从句的看作原因状语从句。*4. 后边不能直接跟 that 从句的动词这类动词有 allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, con
11、demn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive 等。这类词后可以用不定式或 动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如：I admire their winning the match. (right)I admire that they won the match. (wrong)*5.不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中，常见的 有 envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise,
12、 congratulate 等。例如：He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)四、宾语从句的时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点 内容：1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态。如：学习好资料欢迎下载I dont know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister ca
13、me back yesterday .他告诉我他姐姐昨天回 来了。2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需 要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完 成时的某一种形式。如：The children didnt know who he was .孩子们不知道他是谁。3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯 性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳 转。例 8 The manager entered t
14、he office and was happy to learn four fifths of the tickets .A. was booked B. had been bookedC. were booked D. have been booked例 9 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he officesoon.A. leavesB. would leaveC. had left D. had been away例 10 Do you work in the lab every afternoon?No, butsome
15、times I wish I .A. have timeB. had time to doC. have time toD. had time to练习1. Could you tell me if it tomorrow?A. rainsB. is rainingC. will rain D. rain2. The teacher told his students the sunin the east.A. riseB. risesC. roseD. risen3. Peter knew .A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris4. Could you tell me ?A. where is the nearest railway stationB. where the nearest
