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1、高考阅读微技能训练1-猜测词义、利用上下文猜测词义DefinitionandExplanation1.Skimmingmeanslookingoverapassagequicklytogetthemainideabeforeyoubegintoreaditmorecarefully.Theword_”_skimmingmeans2.Ecologycanbedefinedasabranchofthings,especiallytheirrelationtotheirbiologythatdealswiththehabitsoflivingenvironment.Thewordaecologyme
2、anshe s immortal.3. Thatmanwillliveforever;Theword“immortal“means4. Theyarevertebrates,thatis,animalsthathavebackbones.ThewordvertebratesmeansExamplesandClassification5. Select any of the periodicals:TimeMagazine,NewsWeek,ReadersDigestortheNewYorker.Thewordaperiodicalsmeans6. Householdappliances,esp
3、eciallyTVsets,washing-machinesandtape-recordersarenotsellingwellthesedays.Thewordahouseholdappliancesmeans.ComparisonandContrast:7. Therewerenofillipseatsavailable,sotheywereforcedtobuyexpensiveones.Theword“fillip“means.8. Foodistomanwhatmanuretocrops.Theword“manuremeans.9. Motherwastall,fat,andmidd
4、leaged.Theheadmasterwasanolderwoman,almostasplumpasMotherandmuchshorter.Theword“plumpmeans.Description:10. Theworkerslifewerewretched.Theyworkedfrommorningtonightinallkindsofweather,earningonlyenoughmoneytobuytheirsimplefoodandcheapclothes.Theword“wretched“means.Repetitionofconceptsorsentencestructu
5、res11. HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstoodanything.EventhenallIcouldmakeoutwasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.IhadnttheslightestideawhoshewasbutIobviouslyhadtogo.Thephrase“makeoutmeans.二、利用语法知识猜测词义1. Theresearchersmadegreatprogressintheearly1970swhent
6、heydiscoveredthatoncogenes,Oncogenes”whicharecancer-causinggenes,areinactiveinnormalcells.means.2. Theperiodofadolescence,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort,dependingonsocialexpectations.Theword“adolescencemeans3. Mostofusagreed;however,Billdissented.Theword“dissentedmeans4. Ther
7、earetwotypesoffat:externalfat(fatundertheskin)andinternalfat(fatinsidethebodywall).Thewordaexternalmeans.Thewordainternalmeans.5. Carefulandthoughtfulreadersalwaysthinkaboutwhattheyarereading,tryingtointerpretexplainandunderstandtheideaspresentedinareadingpassage.Thewordainterpretmeans.三、利用常识猜测词义1.
8、ThedoorwassolowthatIhitmyheadonthelintel.Theword“lintelmeans12. -HowdoyouknowweveboughtaTVset-Isawanantennaonthetopofyourhouse.Theword“antennameans.3. Afishbreathesinwaterwithgills.Theword“gillsmeans四、利用构词法知识猜测词义1. Ifyoucansparetwoorthreehoursaday,breakthemupintosomeperiodstoavoidbrainoverload.Thewo
9、rdaoverloadmeans.2. Unlikethewesterncompetitors,Chineseexhibitorsdontgiveawayalotoffreebiesduringexhibitions.Theword“freebiesmeans.3. TheathletecheatedintheOlympicGamesbytakingsomeforbiddendrugs.Hisbehaviorwasadishonortohiscountry.Theword“dishonormeans.Practice:1. Thedaysofelderlywomendoingnothingbu
10、tcookinghugemealsonholidaysaregone.EntertheRedHatSociety-agroupholdingthebeliefthatoldladiesshouldhavefun.“Mygrandmothersdidntdoanythingbutkeephouseandserveeverybody.Theywereprogrammedtodothat,“saidEmilyCornette,headofachapterofthe7-year-oldRedHatSociety.Theword“chaptermeans.A.onebranchofanorganizat
11、ionB.awrittenagreementofaclubC.onepartofacollectionofpoemsD.aperiodinasocietyshistory2.Lackofparentwillpowermaycontributemoretojuvenileobesitythanunder-exercisingorovereating.Researchsuggeststhathavingoverweightparentsisabiginfluenceuponachildsweight,withonestudyfindingthatchildrenwithoverweightpare
12、ntswerefourtimesmorelikelytobeoverweightthemselves.Thephrase“juvenileobesitymeans.A.Adulteducation.B.Childhoodoverweight.C.Parentsinfluence.D.Growingpains.3. But,saidKim,“Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.”Imnotaskingyoutotellmewhattodo,butwhatyouthinkwecouldd
13、o.Tomakesuggestions.IemployedyoubecauseIrespectyourexperienceinthisfield,butyouarenotcommunicatingyourthoughtstome.”Theword“presumptuousisclosestinmeaningto.A.fullofrespectB.tooconfidentandrudeC.lackinginexperienceD.tooshyandquiet4. WilliamShakespearesaid,“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn（纱线）,goodand
14、illtogether.Theabovebriefreviewoftheapplicationofonlyonepartofhumanactivities-scienceseemstoprovewhatShakespearesaid.ButdoesithavetobesoMusttheillalwaysgotogetherwiththegoodArewebiologicallyprogrammedforwarTheword“mingledmostprobablymeans.A.simpleB.mixedC.sadD.happy25. RainforestsliketheAmazonareimp
15、ortantformoppingupCOfromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.Thephrase“moppingupmeans.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingout6. DoyouknowwhataaterritoryisAterritoryisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claimsasitsown.Onlyheandhisfamilyarewelcomethere.Nootherfamiliesofthesamespeciesarewelcome.Youryardandhouseareyourterritorywhereonlyyourfamilyandfriendsarewelcome.Whatisabirdsaterritory.A.
