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1、宾语从句的连接词：that;结构：主语+谓语+宾语(陈述句语序)、从属连词。连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether，和特殊疑问词(what, how , where , when等)。that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，if和whether，whether.or not引导表示 是否的一般疑问句的宾语从句。He told me (that ) he would go to college the next year.他告诉我他明年上 大学。I don t knowf there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车。Nobody knew w
2、hether he could pass the exam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试。Teachers were ask ing me whether I had gone there or not at that time.那时老师们在问我是否曾去过那里。|关联词关联代词关联代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。关联代词一般指疑问但what,whatever除了指疑问外也可以指陈述。Do you know who has won Red Alert game你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏
3、么The book will show you what the best CEO should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么。Have you determ ined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia call phone你决定好是买诺基亚还是买摩托罗拉的电话吗关联副词连接畐U词主要有 whe n,where,why,how,whe never,wherever,however等。He didn t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。Could yo
4、u please tell me how you use the new panel你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些新的零件能在哪里买到。二、动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect they will wi n,for members of their team are stron ger.我们都预料他们会赢因为他们的队员更强壮。He told us that they would help us through the whole work.
5、他告诉我们在整个工作中他们都会帮忙的。部分 动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have bee n sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了。Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有make sure 确保make up one s mi nd下决心keep in mi nd 牢记Make sure that there are no m
6、istakes in your papers before you turn them in.当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误。可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句it做形式 动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候则需要用宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it n ecessary that we take ple nty of hot water every day .我认为我们每天多喝开水是有必要的。I feel it a pity that I haven t been t-totgethet.我没去聚会感觉非常遗憾
7、。I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯。We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要。 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it双宾语这类动词主要有hate,take,owe,have,see to.award,le nd.ha nd,mail,offer,pass,pay,post,read,return, show,teach,tellI hate it whe n
8、 they say with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。He will have it that our pla n is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行。We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的。When you start the engin e,you must see to it that car is in n eutral.开启发动机时一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。 若宾语从句是wh-类则不可用it代替We all con sider w
9、hat you said to be un believable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的。We discovered what we had lear ned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的。Can you tell me if there any shop here?你能告诉我这里有商店吗三、介词的宾语从句用whether之类的介词宾语从句We are talk ing about whether we admit stude nts into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。The new book is about ho
10、w Shen zhou six manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的。用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides 三个介词后可见到 that引导的宾语从句I know no thi ng about my new n eighbor except that he used to work with a compa ny.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班其他一无所知。四、形容词的宾语从句有些形容词具有动词的含义所以也可以带一个宾语从句例如1.1 am sorry
11、 I am late.I am glad that you can join us.Are you sure his an swer is right?常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有sure,certa in, glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试。I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你。He is glad that Li Mi ng went to see him whe n
12、 he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他。五、if 与 whether1)whether和if常用来引导 宾语从句 这时两者的含义区别很小一般可通用。例如 I dont know whether/if they will come to help us.我不知道他们是否来帮助我们。I am n ot surewhether/if Ill have time to go with you.我很难说我们是否有时间跟你们一起去。上面两句无区别。但是当whether与or not连成一个词组时 whether不可换用if。例如I dont know whether or not t
13、hey will come for our help.我不知道他们是否要来求我们支援。【注意】若whether和or not不连在一起在口语中可以用if取代whether当然也可以用 whether。例如 I am not certain if/whether the train will arrive on time.我没有把握火车是否准时到达。I dont care if/whether your car breaks dow n or not.我不在乎您的车是否是会出故障。此外还有三种情况值得注意在介词后面只能用whether不能用if。例如This dependsupo n wheth
14、er we are determi ned to do it.这件事要看我们是否有决心去做。It depe ndson whether he is ready.这件事要看他是否有准备。I am not in terested in whether youllcome or not. 你来不来我不感兴趣。 We have nt settled the question of whether well renew our supplies of coal for factory.是否要为我们工厂补充一些煤这个问题我们还没有决定。（2）在动词不定式 之前只能用 whether不能用if。例如He d
15、oes nt know whether to stay or not. 他不能知道是否要留下来。She does nt knows whether to get married nowor wait.是否现在结婚或是等待她不知道。（3）在及物动词discuss后的宾语从句中只能用whether 不能用 if。例如 We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan.我们讨论了是不是要对我们的计划作一些修改。We were discuss ing whether we shoulddiscuss the busi ness with them.我们正在讨论我们是否要和他们谈这个生意。2）引导主语从句 时只能用 whether不能用if。例如It is unknown whether he will come. 他是否来还不 知道。 Whether the news is true remains a question.这个消息是否真实仍然是个问题。3）引导表语从句 时只能用 whether不能用if。例如
