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1、.比较结构的讲解(34句)来自长难句：1、it is not thatbut that这不是说而是说(分析见22)It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is much finer apparayue and of couse much more accurate in its measurement than t
2、he former.2、nothing less than完全是，实在是What the man said was noting else than nonsense.那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。It is nothing else than a blackmail.这简直就是敲竹杠。3、as引导的特殊状语从句，翻译时作定语从句处理。We hope the measures to control prices ,as they have been taken by the government, will succeed.4、n.+or + n. or 后面的名词是同位语，应译为“即，或者”。
3、Moreover , technology includes techniques, or ways to do things ,as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them.再者，除机器外，技术还包括技艺，即制作方法，而运用这些技艺并不一定都要机器。我们希望，政府已经采取的控制物价的措施将取得成功。5、morethanThe complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fun
4、damental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.人类社会形式的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革，而一些政客口头上是很不情愿承认这一点的。（than连接肯定形式的从句时，该从句译为否定句。）It seems that these two branches of science are mutually dependend, and that the so-called division
5、 between the pure scientist and the applied scientist is more apparent than real.看来，这两门学科是相互依存的，因为在理论科学家和应用科学家之间，与其说存在着所谓的区分，不如说这种区分只是表面存在的。（在比较的基础上表示选择关系时，可译为“与其说不如说”）There are more cars on the roads in summer than in winter.夏天公路上的汽车比冬天的多。（进行同类比较时，译成“比更”）6、no morethan与notany more thanThe food on th
6、e ship was no better than on any ship on which Billy had sailed.这条船上的食品并不如比利工作过的其他船上的（食品）好。The archaeologists efforts are not directed at“proving”the correctness of the Bible any more than belief in God can be scientifically demonstrated正如上帝不能从科学上证明一样，考古学家们的努力并不是要“验证”圣经的正确性。No one can hold back the
7、tide of revolution any more than a man with a broom can hold a flood that has brust the dam.任何人都无法阻止革命的洪流，正如一个人不能拿着扫帚去挡住决了堤的洪水一样。7、not so much as 与其说不如Science moves forward, they say , not so much through the insights of great men of genius as（Science moves forward省略的成分） because of more ordinary thi
8、ngs like improved techniques and tools.新学派科学家说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等等更为普遍的东西。8、the same asYou have made the same mistake as last time.9、no less than（no lessthan）不但而且；不亚于；简直是，实在是China insists always on the need for self-reliance, no less in economic policies than in making revolution.中国
9、始终坚持独立自主，不但在进行革命方面，而且在经济政策方面。【解析】no lessthan连接两个并列成分，信息重心在前，因此汉译是要倒过来译。There were no less than one thousand people at the meeting.到会的有一千人之多。（有“到会人多”的含义）no less than连写时，意为“不亚于”、“多达”，强调数量多。not less than连写时，意为“不少于”，无数量多少含义。如：There were not less than noe thousand people at the meeting.到会的至少有一千人。（没有表达到会人
10、多或少的含义。）It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price.如此所要高价，简直是敲诈。10、none other than 不是正是；除了外，不会是Reaction other than the desired one often occur when reactants are brought together.当这些反应物放在一起时，常发生不希望有的一些反应。Other women than Sally would have said nothing.除了萨利，别的女子就什么也不说了【解析】other than可分写为othe
11、rthan, other后可插入名词，than的意思是“除了”。11、nothing but=nothing else than=nothing less than不是别的正是Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.天才不过是劳动加勤奋而已。His failure was due to nothing else than his carelessness.他的失败完全是由于他自己的粗心。His negligence was nothing less than criminal.他的粗心大意无异于犯罪。12、much less = still less
12、更不用说I could not agree to, much less participate in such proceedings我不能同意这种行为，更谈不上参加这些行动了。He is too shy to ask a strange the time, still less speak to a room full of people.(对着充满人的房间讲话，由于文化差异，原本意思就是对着一屋子的人讲话)to say nothing ,not to speak of, not to mention, let alone都是更不必说的意思。但这些词组可以随前一句的意思而定，前一句是肯定，则
13、追加的也是肯定意义，如果前一句是否定，则追加的也是否定意义。比较下面两个句子。In old China ,there was hardly any machine-building industry ,to say nothing of electronic industry在旧中国，几乎没有什么机械制造工业，更不用说电子工业了。Sally takes singing and dancing lessons, to say nothing of swimming and tennis lesions.Sally上了唱歌和舞蹈课，而且还上了游泳和网球课。13、anything but(but意为
14、except) 根本不；all but（but意为except）几乎，差一点，除以外其余都是；but for要不是；but that+从句；若不是nothing but（but意为except） 只不过Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt anything but lonely.(句中but作介词，意为except)虽然他单独一人呆在这所无人居住的房子里，但他埋头于研究工作，一点也没感到孤独。（除了孤独之外可以感受到任何事情，其意思为他一点也不感到孤独。）The method
15、of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.科学研究的方式是人类思维活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以准确而严谨的表达方式。It was all but impossible to climb back into the boat.再回到小船上已经不可能了。But for the rain we could have had a nice holiday.要不是这场雨，我们应该度过了一个愉快的假期。14、not nearly=far from，much less than相差很远，远远少于The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in th
