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1、自考英美文学选读(00604)自考英美文学选读1(00604)汉语言文学专业应用必背单元Chapter 1 The Renaissance Period3Chapter 2 The Neoclassical Period8Chapter3 The Romantic Period12Chapter 4 The Victorian Period17Chapter 5The Modern Period21Chapter 1 The Renaissance Period1.文艺复兴的主要作家及其作品1) Edmund Spenser: The Faerie Queene2) Christopher M
2、arlowe:Dr FaustusTamburlaine3) William Shakespeare: Henry IV; The Merchant of Venice; Hamlet; Othello; King Lear; Macbeth; Romeo and Juliet.4) John Donne: The Songs and Sonnets; The Sun Rising; Death, Be Not Proud5) John Milton: Paradise Lost; Paradise Regained; Samson Agonisttes2. 文艺复兴The Renaissan
3、ce is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholarsmade attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church form the corruption of
4、the Roman Catholic Church.3. 人文主义Humanism is the essenceof the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and isfrequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was bas
5、ed on such a conception that man is the measure of all things. Thus, by emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perfo
6、rm wonders.4.玄学诗The term metaphysical poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With a rebellious spirit the metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. The diction is sim
7、ple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the Neoclassic periods, and echoes the words and cadences of common speechT he imagery is drawn from the actual life. The form is frequently that of an argument with the poets beloved, with God, or with himself.5. 莎士比亚的诗歌的主题、意向Shakespeare, as a humanis
8、t of the time, is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money. In his plays, he does not hesitate to describe the cruelty and anti-natural character of the civil wars, but he did not go all the way against the feud
9、al rule. Shakespeare is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.Shakespeare has accepted the Renaissance views on literature. He holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and
10、should reflect nature and reality.A. Shakespear views on literature:Shakespeare has accepted the Renaissance views on literature. He holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality. Shakespeare also states that literary works which h
11、ave truly reflected nature and reality can reach immortality.B. The characteristics of Shakespeare characters:Shakespeares major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they are individuals representing certain types. Each character has his or her own personalities; meanwhile, t
12、hey may share features with others.C. The characteristics of Shakespea plot:Shakespear plays are well-known for their adroit plot construction. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plots; instead, he borrows them from some old plays or storybooks, or from ancient Greek and Roman sources.D. The charact
13、eristics of Shakespeare language:It is necessary to study the subtlest of hisinstruments the language. Shakespearecan write skillfully in different poetic form, like the sonnet, the blank verse, and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinageof new words and dis
14、tortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader.3. 莎士比亚的四大悲剧：Shakespeares greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. They have some characteristics in common. Each portrays some noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in
15、 a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole action. Each hero has his weakness of nature. With the concentration on the tragic hero, we see the sharp conflicts between the individual and the evil force in the society,which shows that Shakespeare is a great r
16、ealist in the true sense. Hamlet the melancholic scholar; Othellos inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force; the old King Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power; and Macbeths lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.4. 邓恩诗歌的主题、意向. Love is the basic theme. Donne holds that the nature of love is the union of soul and body.Th
