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1、中考语法专项：复合句一、定语从句： 一)先行词分两类：1. 关系代词who（主语）, whom（宾语）, whose（定语）-人 which（主语、宾语-物）, that（作主语、宾语-人、物）. 2.关系副词when, where, why=in/on/for+whicheg. 1)The boy _ /_is standing under the tree is Jim. 站在树下的那个男孩是Jim. 2)Do you know the girl _mother is a driver? 你认识那个妈妈是司机的女孩吗？ 3)Have you been to the factory _ yo
2、ur father works? 你去过你爸爸工作的工厂吗？二).修饰人或物只用that的情况： a. 先行词为指物的不定代词all , much , little, few , everything , something等 b.先行词前有最高级、序数词及last , only , very , all , no时 eg.1)Is there anything _ I can do for you? 有让我做的事吗？ 2)He is the only one _ can help us at the moment. 他是现在能帮助我们的唯一的人。 3) This is the best gi
3、ft_ I have ever received. 这是我收到的最好的礼物。三)关系副词引导的定语从句：1.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语。e.g. I still remember the day_ I first came to the school. I still remember the day on _ I first came to the school.2. where 指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语。e.g. I like the places _ the weather is warm.= I like the places in_ the weather is w
4、arm.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语.e.g. I dont know the reason _ he looks unhappy today. = for_ 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以有“介词+关系代词(which)”引导的从句替换。【2011天津】1. John is the boy_ legs were badly hurt in the accident. A. whose B. that C. who D. which【2011广东】2. The first thing _ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to
5、write a letter. A. whichB. thatC. whyD. who 【2011河北省】3. The teachers came for a visit are foreigners.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which【2011四川成都】4. The students in the higher grades I met in a football game are my good friends now. A. when B. which C. who【2011江苏扬州】5. One of the most interesting places
6、 in Yang zhou _ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake. A. what B. who C. that D. /【2011浙江衢州】6.The photos successfully show the rich culture _makes Beijing so famous. A. what B. which C. who D. why 【2011菏泽】7. I ll never forget the day_the great scientist came to our school and gave
7、 a speech. A. that B. which C. when D. where 【2011广东河源】8.I hate those _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. what D. where【2011湖南岳阳】9.I cant forget the time the earthquake happened in Yushu. A. when B. which C. where 10.Where did you go last week?I went to Zhang Ai pings hom
8、etown and visited the house he was born in. A. that B. there C. who D. whose【2011浙江舟山】11. There will be a stamp show in the museum _ we visited last week. A. who B. whenC. whichD. What二、宾语从句：一). 引导词1.that+陈述句(that可省) eg. He says _the boy is a little weak in Chinese.2.if/whether(是否)引导一般疑问句意义的宾语从句eg.
9、.“Do you like this book?” she asked me. =She asked me _ I liked this book. .“Have you visited the Great Wall?” =Could you tell me _you have visited the Great Wall?注意以下几点： 1).区别if当作“是否”，还是“如果”eg. I dont know if he _ (come)if it _(rain) tomorrow.2).用whether不用if的几种情况 1)后接不定式 2)与or / or not连用 3)在句首时eg.
10、I cant decide _ to go to Beijing. eg. Whether this is true or not, I cant say.eg. I want to know _ you will go to the park or not.3.疑问词引导特殊疑问句意义的宾语从句eg. .Do you know who will give us a talk? . I wonder when he will come back.注意：此类宾语从句的主语与主句的主语（或宾语）相同时，可替换为“疑问词 + to do”eg. .I havent decided where I w
11、ill go. =I havent decided where to go二）.语序：宾从用陈述句语序eg. 1)I dont (A) know whether (B) will he (C) come (D) tomorrow. _ 2)He asked me, where do you live? _ 3)Could you tell (A) how many players (B) are there (C) in (D) a football team? _三）时态 但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时，则只能用一般现在时。eg. She said (that) the su
12、n rises in the east. The teacher said the earth _ (go) around the sun.【2011盐城】1. Excuse me. Could you tell me Shanghai ? It will leave at 4:00 p.m. A. how will you go B. when will the bus leave for C. When the bus will leave for 【2011湘潭】2. Do you know_tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the i
13、nternet.A. whether will it rain B if it will rain C whether does it rain【2011湖北黄石】3. I dont know the girl in red. Could you tell me _? A. what is her name B. how old is she C. who is she D. where she comes from【2011湖北黄石】4. Do you know the kid with _Bob is talking over there? Yes, its my cousin. A. who B. that C. 不填 D. whom【2011广东】5. The teacher asked us _. A. when did I finish my work B.what we were interested in C. where we are going to have our lunch【2011四川德阳】6. Do you know _ this time yeste
