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1、-词汇一上 词汇5500 个基础词汇：tractorvisitor边缘词汇：monarch turnipsulfur宗教，科普，历史。核心词汇：2300 个59-80 页基础词汇1.I graduated from the high school.high school = middle school = secondary school 中学senior schooljunior schoolprimary schoolelementary school2.sometime有一次I met him sometime last week. 一个时间点sometimes 有时候Sometimes
2、 I suffer from headache. 多个时间点some time一段时间I have been waiting for some time. 两点之间有一个间隔核心词汇1. American companies are evolving from mass-production manufacturing to flexible enterprises. evolve from A to B从 A 演变到 Bmass-production 大规模生产flexible 灵活的方法：替代法、联合法、谐音法、对比法、拆解法1.替代词：agenda=plan n.议事日程on the a
3、gendaPlease place it on the agenda.The government has set an for reform over the next ten year. A. agonyB. agendaC. dilemmaD. paradoxassignment=task=homework n.任务assign v.分配，指派How are you getting along with your assignment?incentiven. 刺激inspirationn. 1.灵感；2.鼓舞encouragement=incentive=inspirationment
4、n.encourage=en-courageen 使有courage 勇气使有勇气discourage=dis-courage material incentivedis 否定courage 勇气使泄气Your help has been an inspiration to me.preserve=keepconserve=save _orderpreserve _ones energyconserve fresh flesh preserven.保持，腌制2.联合法：friendship=friend-ship friend 朋友ship 关系n.友谊disappointment n.失望d
5、isappoint=dis-appointdis 否定appoint 约会ment n. ragrapratrobrodrugrag be in rags rug=carpet blanket(床)rob v. 1.抢劫；2.盗窃stealrob a wallet该句子是错误的！rob sb of sthrob him of his walletsteal his wallet rap=knockrat=mousemouse 小老鼠rod=stickrap a rat with a rodpit witA fall in the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智
6、sweet sweatNo sweet without sweat.No pain, no gains.repelrebel repel the rebelstwist wrist twist ones wrist3.谐音法：frugaladj.节俭的-al adj.腐乳够=thrifty adj.节俭的-y 多thrift n. 节俭live a simple life.live a frugal life.a frugal housekeeper. 一个节俭的管家thriftthriftycloudcloudy-y 多dirt n.灰尘，尘埃dirtyhairhairy (sb)a hai
7、ry hand fur n.furry (sth)extravagant adj.奢侈的，过分的 extra-vag-ant extra 过多的 vag 喂 ant adj.Parents who have extravagant hopes for their children are bound to be disappointed. bound 必定的，注定的-词汇一下agony n.苦恼 爱过你curse v./n.诅咒，咒骂 克死ambition n.雄心，抱负 俺必胜slaughter v.屠杀 死了老多inch n.英寸 foot n.英尺 mile n.英里4.对比法：1）形近
8、词adapt/adoptadapt=ad-apt ad add 增加 增加适应性 v. 1.使.适应;2.改编apt adj.1.适当的，恰当的；2.有.倾向的 He made an apt remark. 他做出了恰当的评论。adapt+sb 使动动词的宾语通常是人adapt oneself to new environmentadapt oneself to 调整自己使适应. 有反身代词的一定选 adapt. adapt the play for television改编剧本使更适应于电视播放adopt=ad-optad 增加opt option 选择增加+选择=选中v.1.采纳;2.收养
9、optional course 选修课adopt ones suggestionadopt an orphan2) 义近词reserve ordersubscribereserve v.预留reserve a room/table/seat at a hotel=book不能拿走，只能留book v.预定book a ticketorder v.预定order a cake/suit（男）/dress（女）可以带走subscribe v.订阅subscribe to a newspaper/magazine/journal/periodical3) 形近+义近（2004）worth worth
10、yworthwhileadj.价值的worth be worth doing/名词在此处动名词表示被动The book is worth reading/being read. 错误worthy adj. 1.有价值的；2.值得尊重的，值得表扬的，值得敬佩的（定语，修饰人）be worthy of doing/be worhty to do在此处动名词是正常的动名词The book is worthy of being read.The book is worthy to be read. a worthy professor 值得尊重的，值得敬佩的worthwhile adj.worthwh
11、ile doing/to do也可以什么都不带Our effort is worthwhile.4) 短语 look for look at get upturn down 调小；拒绝look uplook downlook into look outlook up查找.look up the dictionary 错look up the word in the dictionary refer to the dictionaryreference n.参考书look down look down on sb/look up to sb 看不起/尊重look into=investigate
12、调查invest-i-gateinvest 投资gate 大门look into the matter look out小心put up=put sb up提供住宿turn down the radioturn down ones requestturn down=decline5.拆解法：prefix-root-suffix 前缀-词根-后缀前缀改义，后缀改性compose 前缀+词根重点！1) root-suffix词根+后缀-y 多 两个后缀改变词义的例子industry n. 1.工业;2.勤奋 可以作为词根出现 industrialadj. 工业的al adj. industriou
13、s=diligentadj. 勤奋ous adj.His is industrious in his business.imagine v.想象imaginary想象出来的ary 性质imaginative想象力丰富的tive 多imaginable可以想象出来的able 能drinkable 可以饮用的1.The picture is highly_ imaginative2.All the characters in the book are imaginary2) prefix-root前缀+词根构词法精神的灵魂！abstractcontractextractdistractsubtractattracttractorn.拖拉机tract拖，拉abstract=abs-tractabs=ab 离开n.摘要，抽象abnormal adj.反常的contract=con-tractcon=com=cor=col=co 共同，一起v.收缩 n.合同读音名前动后extract=ex-tractex 外adj.提取，拔出extract a tooth extrac
