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1、高中英语中it用法小结20条 政和一中 尹昭宜1.It is+被强调部分+that该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，(强调的主语如果是人，可以用who来替换that) 如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。(如果强调的是动词就要用到do的各种形式)It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. -Where did you buy the apples? -It was on the farm where we worked. (True)-It was on
2、 the farm that we worked.(False)2. It is not until +被强调的部分+ that该句型译成汉语“直到才”It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. 3. It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that.该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。It is very clear that hes
3、round and tall like a tree.4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural) that该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。It is important that we (should) learn English well.It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.5. It is said (reported, lea
4、rned, believed ) that该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉）It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. It is suggested (ordered) that该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令”It is
5、suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.7. It is a pity (a shame) that 在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。It is a
6、pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾！8. It is time (about time, high time) that该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）的时候”It is time that children should go to bed.=It is time that children went to bed.9. It is the first ( second, )time that该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态
7、。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,）次”。10. It is since该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。It is (has been) 5 years since his father died.11. It is when该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从
8、句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当的时候，是”It was 5 oclock when he came here.12. It bebefore该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“之后才”，“没过就”It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.13. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的ha
9、ppen, seem等词是不及物动词。It happened that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧)It seems that he will be back in a few days. (看来)14. It takes sb to do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做要花费某人”It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.15It is no good (use) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名
10、词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).It is no good learning English without speaking English.16. It doesnt matter whether该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）没关系It doesnt matter whether they are old.17It is kind (of sb) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。
11、常见的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb.is kind to do sth.It is kind of you to stay so =You are kind to say so.18. It is necessary (for sb) to do sth该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不
12、定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dang erous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。It is important for her to come to the party. =It is important that she (should) come to the party.19. It looks (seems) as
13、 if 该句型中it 无意义。As if 引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了）It looks as if he was ill. （事实上没有生病）20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. Xiao L
14、i felt it important learning English well.倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from un
15、der the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 返回顶端 2.22 倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
