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1、Lesson 1 句子成分【教学目标】1. 复习语法句子成分，掌握句子成分的构成，为长难句的理解打基础。 2. 新题型讲解语法填空技巧【教学重点】学会判断句子的各个成分；在不断巩固练习的基础上熟练掌握语法填空的技巧。 PART 1 语法讲解 定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分主要有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，补足语，同位语等。1、 主 语：句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当，通常位于句首。Jane is good at playing the piano.I need a book.To see is to believe.Seeing
2、 is believing.Have A TrySmoking is bad for health.找出下列句子中的主语1. She went out in a hurry.2. Tom is very tall.3. Pride goes before a fall.4. Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.2、谓语：描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态。由动词，动词短语或系动词加表语担任，常置于 主语 后。谓语动词有人称，数，时态和语态的变化。The train leaves at 6 ocl
3、ock.She is reading.This song sounds wonderful.I worked out this problem under the help of my math teacher.动词分类：动词的分类： 行为动词： 及物动词 不及物动词 系动词：be动词和感官动词 情态动词 助动词谓语： 简单谓语Have A Try 复合谓语 助动词+主要动词 情态动词+主要动词 找出下列句子中的谓语1. His writing is very beautiful.2. Some people will do just about anything to save money.
4、3. You should try your best to fulfill your tasks. .3、宾语：表示动作的对象。一般由名词（短语）, 代词，数词，动名词（短语），动词不定式（短语），从句等充当，常置于谓语后。He won the game. He likes playing computer.People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.Have A TryDo you know that there will be a concert of Eason in Chongqing
5、next week.找出下列句子中的宾语1. Show your passport, please. 2. She didnt say anything. 3. Can you tell me the way to the nearest hospital.4、表语：用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。一般由名词(名词短语)，代词，数词，动名词（短语），不定式（短语）或形容词担任，置于系动词之后。He is a student.We are tired.You look happy today.注意：除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词: sound, look,
6、smell, taste, touch,feel, 等。2)表转变变化的动词: go, become, turn, grow, get 等。Have A Try3)表延续的动词: keep, stay, remain 等。找出下列句子中的表语1. The war was over.2. They seem to know the truth.3. Leaves turn yellow in autumn.4. Food goes bad easily in summer.5、定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。形容词，代词，介词短语，不定式（短语），动名词（短语），分词，从句等
7、均可做定语。单个词作定语通常置于被修饰词的前面；短语或从句作定语通常置于被修饰词的后面。The black bike is mine.（black作定语）The boy in blue is Jim.（in blue作定语）I have nothing to do today.（nothing作定语）注意：1、当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything , everything , something, anyone, everyone, someone 等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语。I tell him something interesting. 2、不定式、短语或从句作
8、定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。Have A TryThe boys who are in the room are playing games.I have something important to tell you now.找出下列句子中的定语1. He is a clever boy.2. His spoken language is good. 3. Is there anyone else who wants to go with me?6、状语：用以修饰 动词，位置灵活。它可以表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、程度、和让步等。副词，介词短语，不定式，分词均可做状语。
9、1)、修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；I am very sorry.2)、表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首。In order to cheer him up, I told him the truth.They are writing English in the classroom.3)、一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。We often help him. He is always late for class.状语种类如下： How about meeting
10、again at six? ( 时间 状语) Last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain. （ 原因 状语） I shall go there if it doesnt rain. （ 条件 状语） Mr Smith lives on the third floor. （ 地点 状语） She put the eggs into the basket with great care. （ 伴随 状语） She came in with a dictionary in her hand. （ 伴随 状语） In o
11、rder to catch up with the others, I must work harder. （ 目的 状语） He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. （ 结果 状语）Have A Try She works very hard though she is old.（ 让步 状语）找出下列句子中的状语1. I will be back in a while.2. They are playing on the playground.3. Only in this way, can you make a success.7、
12、补语： 补充说明主语和宾语 的情况。补语分为主语补足语和宾语补足语两种，可由名词，形容词，介词短语，分词和不定式等担任。常位于宾语后。He made me sad.（形容词）She asks me to take an umbrella.（不定式）The war made him a soldier.（名词）I find him at home.（介词短语）Have A TryI saw a cat running along the wall.（分词）找出下列句子中的补语1. They called him the prince of gymnasts.2. I arrived at hom
13、e very late, tired and hungry.3. His words made us angry.8、同位语：在句中对某一成分作进一步的解释，说明，并且与其在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语，它通常位于名词、代词后面, 它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。Have A TryTom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. I myself will do the experiment.The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 找出下列句子中的同位语
14、1. The news that he won the match is so exciting.2. They expressed the wish that she accept the award.3. The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 主谓宾表定状补七种成分记清楚主谓宾表是主干辅助成分定状补定语修饰名或代状语修饰动形副主谓人称要一致宾语之后可有补 复习Review Keep this in mindWe are family! 一强化训练(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语1. My brother hasnt done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.(二) 挑出下列句中的表语1. The old man felt very tired.2. The leaves have turned yellow.(三) 挑出下列句中的定语1. What is your gi
