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1、.有机化学方程式选修五烷烃甲烷为例1甲烷和氯气发生取代反响光照CH4+Cl2CH3Cl+HCl光照CH3Cl+Cl2CH2Cl2+HCl光照CH2Cl2+Cl2CHCl3+HCl光照CHCl3+Cl2CCl4+HCl点燃2CnH2n+2(3n1)/2O2nCO2(n1)H2O烯烃乙烯为例1CH2=CH2Br2CH2BrCH2Br催化剂2CH2=CH2H2OCH3CH2OH催化剂3CH2=CH2HClCH3CH2Cl催化剂4CH2=CH2H2CH3CH3催化剂5nCH2=CH2CH2CH2n点燃6CnH2n3n/2O2nCO2nH2O炔烃乙炔为例催化剂1CHCH2H2CH3CH3催化剂2CHCH
2、HClCH2=CHCl3.CHCHBr2CHBr=CHBr4CHCH2Br2CHBr2CHBr2催化剂5nCH2=CHClCH2CHn催化剂6C4H10C2H4C2H6加热、加压Cl1.苯浓硫酸1HNO3NO2H2O5560FeCl32Br2(液溴)BrHBr33H2催化剂苯的同系物甲苯为例CH3CH3O2NNO2浓硫酸33HNO33H2O5560NO2CH34、+KMnO4(H)COOH卤代烃溴乙烷为例H2O1CH3CH2BrNaOHCH3CH2OHNaBr醇2CH3CH2BrNaOHCH2=CH2NaBrH2O醇12CH3CH2OH2Na2CH3CH2ONaH22CH3CH2OHHBrCH
3、3CH2BrH2O浓硫酸3CH3CH2OHCH2=CH2H2O170浓硫酸42CH3CH2OHCH3CH2OCH2CH3H2O1402.催化剂52CH3CH2OHO22CH3CHO2H2O催化剂62CH3CH(OH)CH3O22CH3COCH3H2O催化剂7.C(CH3)3OHO2很难被氧化酚苯酚为例OHONa122Na2H2OHONa2NaOHH2OONaOH3CO2H2ONaHCO3OHONa4Na2CO3NaHCO3OHOHBrBr53Br23HBrBrOH6.FeCl3溶液溶液呈紫色3.醛乙醛为例催化剂1CH3CHOH2CH3CH2OH催化剂22CH3CHOO22CH3COOH3CH3CHO2Ag(NH3)2OHCH3COONH43NH3H2O2Ag4CH3CHO2Cu(OH)2+NaOHCH3COONaCu2O3H2O羧酸浓硫酸1CH3CHOOHCH3CH2OHCH3COOCH2CH3H2O酯稀硫酸1CH3COOCH2CH3H2OCH3CHOOHCH3CH2OH2.CH3COOCH2CH3NaOHCH3CHOONaCH3CH2OH4.
