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1、附件 外文翻译拉深件的废品种类产生的原因及预防零件臂部破裂，凸模起皱，产生的原因，压边力太小，凸缘部分起皱，无法进入凹模型腔而拉裂。预防方法，加大压边力。壁部拉裂，产生的原因，材料承受的颈向拉应力太大，造成危险断面的拉裂，预防方法，减少压边力，增大凹模圆角半径，加大润滑，或是增加材料塑性。凸缘起皱，产生的原因，凸缘部分压边力太小，无法抵制过大的切向应力造成切向压应力造成的切向变形，失去稳定，形成皱纹。预防方法，增大压边力或应当的增加材料厚度零件边缘呈锯齿状。产生的原因，毛坯边缘有毛刺。预防的方法，修整毛坯落料刃口以消除毛坯边缘毛刺。零件边缘 高底不一，产生的原因，毛坯与凸，凹模中心不合或材料厚
2、度不均以及凸模圆角半径，模具间隙不君。预防方法，调整定位，校均模具间隙和凹模圆角半径。危险断面显著边薄，产生的原因，模具圆角半径过大，压边力太小，材料承受的径向拉应力接近，引起危险断面缩径。预防方法，加大模具圆角半径和间隙，毛坯涂上合适的润滑剂。零件部位拉脱，产生的原因，模具圆角半径太小，材料实际上处于切割状态。预防方法，加大凹模圆角半径。零件口缘褶皱，产生的原因，凹模圆角半径太大，在拉深的过程中末阶段，脱离了压边圈但尚未超过凹模圆角的材料，压边圈压不到，起皱后被继续拉如凹模，形成口源褶皱。预防方法，减少凹模圆角半径或采用弧形压边圈。锥形件的斜面或板球形状的腰部起皱，产生原因，拉深开始时，大部
3、分材料处于悬空状态，加大压边力太小，凹模圆角半径太大或润滑油过多，使径向拉应力太小，材料在切向压应力的作用下，势必失去稳定而起皱。预防方法，增大压边力或采用凹模圆角半径；亦可加厚材料或几片毛坯叠在一起拉深。盒形件角部破裂，产生的原因，模具圆角半径太大，间隙太小或零件角部变形程度太小，导致角部拉裂。预防方法，加大圆角半径几圆角间隙，或增加拉深次数。零件底部不平整，产生原因毛坯不平整，顶杆与零件接触面积太小或缓冲器弹力不够。与方方法，平整毛坯或改善顶料装置。盒形状直壁部分不挺直，产生的原因，角部间隙太小，多余材料、向侧壁几压，失去稳定，产生起皱。预防方法，放大角部间隙。零件壁部拉毛，产生的原因，模
4、具工作平面或圆角半径上有毛刺，毛坯表面或润滑油中有杂质，拉伤零件表面，一般叫拉丝。预防方法，许修磨抛光模具工作平面或圆角，清洁毛坯，使用干净的润滑油。盒形状角部向内折拢，局部起皱。产生的原因，材料角部压边力太小，起皱后拉如凹模行腔，所以局部起皱。预防方法，加大压边力或增大角部毛坯面积。阶梯形零件肩部破裂，产生的原因，凸肩部分成型时，材料在母线方向承受过大拉应力，导致破裂。预防方法，加大凹木及肩部分圆角。或改善润滑条件，选用塑性较好的材料。零件完整，但呈歪纽状，产生的原因，模具没有排气孔或排气孔太小、堵塞、以及顶料杆跟接触面太小，顶料时间太早等其他原因。预防方法，钻、扩大或疏通模具排气孔，整修顶
5、料装置。破裂或裂纹，产生的原因，压边力太大或不均；凸模或凹模的间隙过小； 拉身筋布置不当；凹模口或拉身筋槽圆较半径太小；压边圈粗糙度高；也许润滑不足或不当； 原材料不符合要求；材料局部拉深太大或不准确。预防方法，调节外滑块螺栓，减少压边里；调整模具间隙；改变凹模或拉深筋槽的圆较半径；降低压边圈粗糙度；改善润滑条件；更换原材料。零件的刚性差，弹性畸变，产生的原因，压边力不够；毛坯尺寸过小；拉深筋少或布置不当；材料塑性变形和加工硬化不足。预防方法，加大加边力，增加毛坯尺寸；增加拉深筋或改善其分布位置。皱纹或皱褶，产生的原因，拉深力太小或不足；拉深筋太少或不合理；凹模口圆角半径太大；压边圈不平，里松
6、外紧；润滑油太多，吐沫位置不当；毛坯尺寸太小；材料过软；压边圈形状不当。预防方法，调节外滑块螺栓，加大压边力；改变拉深筋数量、位置、和松紧；减少凹模口圆角半径；休整压边面；润滑适当；加大毛坯尺寸；更换材料；休整压边形状； 以上所说的，就是实际生产中所出现的一些问题。Pull the species, output reason and prevention of discarding of deep pieceSpare parts arm the department break, and the convex mold shrivel, output reason, press the s
7、ide dint too small, the convex part shrivel, and cant enter the cave model but pull the .The prevention method, enlargement presses the side dint.Wall department neck for pulling the , output reason, material bearing the direction pull should the dint is too big, and result in the pulling of dangero
8、us cross section the , and prevent the method, and reduce to press the side dint, and enlarge the radius of cave mold circle Cape, enlargement the lubrication, or increase the material the The convex origin , output reason, convex part presses the side dint too small, cant boycott big slice directio
9、n should the dint result in to slice direction to press should what dint result in slice direction to transform, lose stable, formation crease.Prevention method, enlarge to press the side dint or should of gain material thicknessThe spare parts edge reports to saw the dentation.The hairiness of outp
10、ut reason, semi-finished product edge stabs.Prevention of method, fix the of whole semi-finished product blade then to dissolve the semi-finished product edge the hair to stab.The high bottom of spare parts edge is different, and the output reason, semi-finished product is out of accordance with con
11、vex, cave mold center or the material thickness is not and all and the radius of convex mold gentleman.Prevention method, adjust fixed position, and the is all molding tool cleft is with the radius of cave mold circle Cape.The dangerous cross section shows the side thin, radius of output reason, mol
12、ding tool circle Cape over big, press the side dint too small, material path that bear the direction pull should the dint near to, cause the dangerous cross section the path.Prevention method, enlargement molding tool circle Cape the radius draw with cleft, semi-finished product ascend fit of lubric
13、ant.The spare parts part pulls to take off, and the radius of output reason, molding tool circle Cape is too small, and the material in practice be placed in to incise the appearance.Prevention method, enlargement radius of cave mold circle Cape.Spare parts plait the , output reason, radius of cave
14、mold circle Cape is too big, at pull the end stage of deep process inside, and escape from to press the side turn but not yet exceed the material of Cape circle of cave mold, and press the side turn to can not press, shrivel the empress to is continuously pulled such as the cave mold, formation plai
15、t .Prevention method, reduce the radius of cave mold circle Cape or adopt the arc-shaped to press form piece the loins for of inclined plane or cricket shape shrivel, produce the reason, and pull the deep beginning, big and part of materials be placed in the the appearance, enlargement to press the
16、side dint too small, the radius of cave mold circle Cape is too big or the lubricant is excessive, and make the path direction pull should the dint is too small, and the material is under slice direction to press should the dints function, necessarily lose the stability but shrivel.Prevention method, enlarge to press the side dint or adopt the radius of cave mold circle Cape;May also thicken the m
