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1、 2022年职称英语真题之理工类C级阅读理解第4局部：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请依据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。对不起，第一篇暂缺其次篇Stop Eating Too Much“Clean your plate! ”and“ Be a member of the cleanplate club!” Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparentOftenit”s accompanied by an appeal：“Just think
2、about those starving orphans(孤儿)in Africa!”Sure，we should be grateful for every bite of foodUnfortunately, many people in the US take too many bitesInstead of staying“clean the plate”，perhaps we should save some food for tomorrowAccording to news reports，US restaurants are partly to blame for the gr
3、owing bellies (肚子)A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer，with two to four times the amount recommended by the government，according to a USA Today storyAmericans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them thatThey prefer to have customers compla
4、in about too much food rather than too littleBarbara Rolls，a nutrition(养分)professor at Pennsylvania State University，told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1 970s，the same time that the American waistline(腰围)began to expandHealth experts have tried to get many restaurants
5、to serve smaller portionsNow， apparently，some customers are calling for this tooThe restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4，000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large；23 percent had no opinion；20 percent disagreedBut
6、 a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who cant afford fine dining still prefer large portionsSeventy percent of those earning at least $150，000 per year prefer smaller portions；but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25，000 want smallerIt”s not that working class America
7、ns dont want to eat healthyIt”s just that，after long hours at low-paying jobs，getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good dealThey live from paycheck(薪金支票)to paycheck，happy to save a little money for next yearS Christmas presents对不起，题目暂缺第三篇SunspotsIts not surprising that sunspots(太阳黑子)were
8、observed by ancient astronomers(天文学家)The largest sunspots on the sun can be seen without a telescope. It was not until theinvention of the telescope(望远镜)in the early 17th century, however，that systematic studies of sunspots could be undertakenThe great astronomer Galileo was among the first to make
9、telescopic observations of sunspotsSunspots are regions of extremely strong magnetic fields(磁场)found on the suns surfaceA sunspot has a dark central core known as the umbraThe umbra is surrounded by a dark ring called the penumbra，where the magnetic field spreads outwardSunspots appear dark because
10、they are giving off less radiationThey are cooler than the rest of the suns SurfaceSunspots are frequently observed in pairs or in paired groupsThe members of a spot pair are identified as the leading spot and the following spotThey are identified by their position in the pair in terms of the direct
11、ion in which the sun rotates(旋转)The number of sunspots at any one time varies。A large spot group may consist of as many as 1 0 groups and 300 Spots across the SunThe number of spots changes in a fairly regular pattern called the sunspot cycleThe largest number occurs about every 11 yearsAt sunspot m
12、inimum，there are at most just a few small spotsThe average lifetime of an individual spot group is roughly one solar rotation，which is about 25 daysThe most persistent large spots，however，can survive for two to three months41. Careful observations and systematic studies of sunspotsA. were made by an
13、cient astronomers.B. started in the early 17th century.C. were made by Galileo only.D. could be made without a telescope.42. Sunspots are cooler than the rest of the sun”s surface becauseA. they produce less energy.B. they are buried in the sun.C. they are far away from magnetic fields.D. they are c
14、lose to magnetic fields.43. The leading spot and the following spot are the names ofA. two large sunspots.B. a large spot and a small spot.C. the two spots in a spot pair.D. the central core and the ring around it.44. If an intense sunspot activity-had occurred in 1857, the next one would have been inA. 1858. B. 1862. C. 1865. D. 1868.45. In the last paragraph the word “persistent“ meansA. importantB. effective. C. enduring.D. visible.
