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1、高考英语专题四动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态在历年的 高考中都占有相当的比例（23 道），考查趋向于少用“外显的”时间状语 而是转向“隐藏的”时间状语，因此掌握各种时态，主动形式表示被动也是考查的热点。现在体过去体将来体过去将来体一般现在时：构成：work works一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are+done一般过去时：构成：worked did被动语态：was/weredone一般将来时：构成：will/shall +Vbe going to dobe to dobe about to do被动语态：will/should be donebe going to be donebe
2、to be donebe about to be done过去将来时构成：Would+V was/were+going to+V was/were to+V was/were about to+V。 was/were on the point of+doing 被动语态：would be done was/were going to be done was/were to be done was/were about to be done was /were on the point of being done现在进行时：构成：is/am/are doing 现在进行时的被动 语态：ia /a
3、m/are being done过去进行时构成：was/were doing 被动语态：Was/were being done将来进行时：构成：will be doing 无被动语态过去将来进行时Would be doing 无被动语态现在完成时：构成：has/have done 现在完成时的被动 语态：has/have been done过去完成时 构成：had done被动语态：had beendone将来完成时：构成：will have done 被动语态：will have been done过去将来完成时：构成： would have done 被动： would have been
4、 done现在完成进行时：构成：has/have been doing无被动语态过去完成进行时无被动语态将来完成进行时无被动语态过去将来完成进行时无被动语态一般现在时：1. 表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 usually, often, sometimes, always,every day (week, month, year.) , on Sundays 等时间状语连用。 He usually goes to work at 7 oclock every morning2. ，表示目前的状况2011全国一 23Planning so far ahead _ no sense so m
5、any things will have changed by next year. A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made,3. 表示引用书籍，报刊，作者的话Lenin says that without the working class the socialist revolution cant be successful.4. 表示客观事实和普遍.真理 Shanghai lies in the east of China.09 福建According to the literary review, Shakespearehis charities
6、live through their language in hisplays. A. will makeB. had made C. was makingD. makes5. 表示按照时间表或日程安排好的，将要发生的动作，come ,arrive, leave, go, begin start open close return take off 这些动词，用这些词的一般现在时，表将来The meeting begins at 9:oo this morning.Flight UA 850 takes off at 8 am.We leave for Shanghai next Sunday
7、.The train returns to Beijing tomorrow afternoon.Im going back to Jinan tomorrow. My train at 8:30 am.A, has left B. is leaving C. is to leave D. leaves6. It will be +段时间+before从句用一般现在时过了多长时间才.It will be some time before we know the result一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are+done(2011 四川 9)All visitors to this vill
8、age with kindness.A. treatB. are treatedC. are treatingD. had been treated现在进行时现在进行时：表示说话者说话的同时正在发生的动作或状态。构成：is/am/are+doing 现在进行时表示某种感情色彩(厌恶，表扬，赞美)，常与always, forever , continually, constantly again 连用，并不表示动作正在进行 He is constantly thinking of how he could do more for others. 表示短促动作的动词jump, knock, bea
9、t, pick, skip的现在进行时，表示动作的重复。并不表示动作正 在进行 The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。 His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。 某些表示希望或想法的动词，如hope, wonder, want等的进行时，可以表示委婉客气。并不表示动作 正在进行Im wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否帮我们一下。Im hoping that you will succeed.希望你能成功。 .位移动词的一般现在时和现在进行时，表示将来意义
10、come go arrive leave reach return ,run outMy oil . I must go to the gas station before there is none left.A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run out D. is being run out of .特殊结构be + under +名词”结构:这种结构表示某事“在进行中”。例如： The building is under construction. 这座楼正在建设中。现在进行时的 被动语态： is/am/are being do
11、neThe church tower which will be open to tourists soon。 The work is almost finishedA. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored 现在完成时： 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。也可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态。 构成形式： have(has) +done常与 just ， already ， yet ， recently ， before， ever since, since then, from th
12、en on , ever ,so far ,up to now, by now, till now, in the past few years/months/weeks/days， these days, in recent years ,twice ,since+点时间 for+ 一段时间2.It/This/That is the first（ second.） time that + 现在完成时 某人第几次做某事3.1t This/That is the + 形容词最高级+名词+从句用现在完成时4.1t is/has been +段时间+since从句为一般过去时.（2009 陕西 9）
13、 This is the first time wea film in the cinema together as a family.A. see B. had seenC. sawD. have seen（2010 湖南 30.） It is the most instructive lecture that Isince I came to this school.A. attended B. had attended C. are attendedD. have attendedIt is/has been five years since we met.5表示短暂意义的动词，完成时不
14、能与一段时间状语连用，要用它们相应的表示延续状态的动词替代。 arrive /reach 到达一be in/atbegin /start have/has been onbuyhave/has hadclosehave/has been closeddiehave/has been deadleavehave/has been awayopenhave/has been open现在完成时的被动语态:has/have been done现在完成进行时：表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作，也可能继续下去构成 have（has） been doing常与 for +段时间 all the
15、morning /day/month ,the whole day/week.等时间状语连用1. （2010 辽宁 24）2010 辽宁 24）Josephto evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whatsyour name? in Russian.A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone2. （2009 辽宁 24） Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fairall day. Could you speak to hernow?A. phonesB. has phoned C. has been phoningD. phoned现在完成进行时无被动语态现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别I have read your book我读过你的书（读完了）；I have been reading your book我一直在读你的书（未读完）一般过去时：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作。
