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1、从句的紧缩式：1.物体放在阳光下，它会变热。 An object becomes hot when it is placed in the sun. 改写：An object becomes hot when placed in the sun.2.安全火柴只有在被擦时才着火。 Safety matches light only when they are stricken. 改写：Safety matches light only when stricken.3.当光线聚集在一点时，会产生大量的热。 When light is converged at a point, it would p
2、roduce large quantity of heat. 改写：When converged at a point, the light would produce large quantity of heat.4.在亚横时，混泥土会产生较大侧压力。 Considerable lateral pressure is exerted by the concrete while its being compacted. 改写：Considerable lateral pressure is exerted by the concrete during compacted.用抽象名词或动名词代替
3、动词：1.用这种方法试验机器需要消耗电力。 If machines are tested by this method, there will be some loss of power. 改写：The testing of machines by this method, entails some loss of power.2.用泵能抽去油箱中的油。 The contents of the tank are discharged by a pump. 改写：Discharge of the contents of the tank is performed by a pump.3.有必要检
4、查一下这些结果是否准确。 It is necessary to examine whether these results are accurate. 改写：It is necessary to examine the accuracy of these results.4.需要有关哪种燃料是最适合的情报。 Information is needed as to which type of fuel is most suitable. 改写：Information is needed as to the most suitable type of fuel.5.工作的进展取决于这个机构的效率如
5、何。 The progress of the work will depend on how efficient the organization is. 改写：The progress of the work will depend on the efficiency of the organization.As的用法：1.这种发电机称为感应发电机。 This type of motor is known (referred to) as an induction motor.2.电流可以看成是穿过介质内的一股电子流。 Electric current may be considered (
6、regarded; seen) as a flow of electrons through a medium. 3.这些材料可以归在导体类。 These materials may be classified as conductors.4.蒸汽冷凝成一层水膜。 The steam is cooled and condensed as a film of water.5.铸铁中的碳部分以自由石墨的形式存在。 The carbon in cast-iron is present partly as free graphite.6.铜导线的导电率作为测量一切导电率的标准。 The conduct
7、ivity of copper wire is taken(accepted) as (being) the standard for all measurements of conductivity.“as+过去分词” 正如，当：1.从炼油厂中得到的天然铀是一种固体。 Natural uranium as obtained from the refining plants is a solid.2.在反应堆中用的铀是一种细棒。 The uranium, as used in the reactor, is in the form of a thin rod.3.原来设计的那座桥造价太贵。 T
8、he bridge, as originally planned would have been too expensive. As+主动句：1.如图1.2所示 As Fig 1.2 shows2.如第二十六页所示 As the illustration on page 26 shows3.正如我们所证实的 As we have just proved4.正如我们在前一章所述 As we have stated in the previous chapterAs+被动句：1.如图所示 As is shown in the illustration2.如前一章所述 As has been sta
9、ted in the previous chapter3.众所周知 As is well known4.如不久前曾提到的 As was mentioned a short time agoAs+紧缩被动句：1.如图/表所示 As shown in the illustration/table2.如前一章所述As stated in the previous chapter3.如史密斯教授指出 As pointed out by professor Smith4.如上 As above5.如前 As beforeas+such 因此1.地球是一种导体，因此就可能形成部分电路。 The earth
10、 is a conductor of electricity and as such may form part of an electrical ciracit . 2.一个简单的调速器是依靠重力工作的，因此必须将其竖立放置。 A simple governor is dependent on gravity as such it must be kept vertical.such that 或 such as to “是这样的” “这种意思”1.流量计的大小是这样设计的。 The size of the flow-meter is such that the flow is unaffe
11、cted by it. 改写：The size of the flow-meter is such as to have no effect on the flow.2.这是一项需要高度技艺的工作。 The job is such that it demands the greatest skill. 改写：The job is such as to demand the greatest skill.抽象名词的用法：1.一年四季的日常用水量不同。 The daily consumption of water varies with the season .2.原子裂变的结果能放出中子。 Nu
12、clear fission results in the emission of neutrons.3.送电时广泛使用变压器。 Transformers are widely used in the transmission of electrical power.4.在飞行中，螺旋桨叶的倾斜度是可调的。 The inclination of the propeller blades is adjustable during flight.5.厂家有责任安装这种新的设备。 The manufactures are responsible for installing the new equip
13、ment. 改写：The installation of the new equipment is the responsibility of the manufactures.6.所有有关的资料均应在规格中详细说明。 All the relevant information should be detailed in the specification.7.常见的抽象名词： consume-consumpation grow-growth separate-separation transmit-transmission emit-emission install-installation produce-production responsible-responsibility apply-application accurate-accuracy communicate-communication efficient-efficiency用名词短语代替从句的译法：1.有必要检查一下这些结果是否准确。 It is necessary to examine w
