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1、 2022职称英语考试模全真拟试题综合类B级第二套3阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1-4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5-8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Soot and Snow：a Hot Combinationl New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snowAccording to a comput
2、er simulation，black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century2 Soot in the higher latitudes of the Earth。where ice is more common，absorbs more of the suns energy and warmth than an icy, white backgroundDark-colored black carbon，or soot，absorbs sunlight，w
3、hile lighter colored ice reflects sunlight3 Soot in areas with snow and ice may play all important role in climate changeAls0，if snow and ice covered areas begin melting。the warming effect increases，as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface“This provides a positive feedback，as glacie
4、rs and ice sheet smelt,they tend to get even dirtier,” said DrJames Hansen，a researcher at NASAs Goddard Institute for Space Studies，NewYork4 Hansen found soots effect on snow albedo(solar energy reflected back to space)，which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisp
5、here，such as thinning Arctic sea ice，melting glaciers and permafrostSoot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land5 “Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space，thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black
6、 carbon，”Hansen saidSoots increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the worlds climate. “This forcing is unusually effective，causing twice as much global warming as a carbondioxide forcing of the same magnitude，”Hansen noted6 Hansen cautionedalthough the role of soot in
7、 altering global climate is substantial，it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past centurySuch gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing f10r也e rest of this century7 The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern
8、Hemisphere was 1arge in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudesThese observations were consistent with the researchers climate model simulations，which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight词汇：soot n煤烟，煤灰emission n释放，散发，
9、排放simulation v模拟latitude n纬度glacier n冰川，冰河albedo n反照率permafrost n永冻层forcing n温室作用dioxide n二氧化物magnitude n量，大小练习：1Paragraph 3_2Paragraph 4_3Paragraph 6_4Paragraph 7_A Soots Role in Changes in the Climate and the AtmosphereB Observations of Warming in the Northern HemisphereC Explanation of Increased
10、Warming Effect Caused by SootD Effort to Reduce Snow AlbedoE Ways to Reduce Soot EmissionF Greenhouse Gases as the Main Factor of G10bal Warming5In the twentieth century，soot_6Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases_7. Black soot covered snow and ice_8A soot forcing is unusually effective，which_A pro
11、duces much more global warming than a carbon?dioxide forcing of the same magnitudeB contributed to 25 percent of observed global warmingC can produce greenhouse gasesD absorb more of suns energy and warmth than white backgroundE still surpass soot in warming the worlds climate during the last centuryF can be seen mostly in the Northern Hemisphere
