句子成分专题(带答案)

上传人:cn****1 文档编号:563917489 上传时间:2023-10-26 格式:DOC 页数:11 大小:88KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
句子成分专题(带答案)_第1页
第1页 / 共11页
句子成分专题(带答案)_第2页
第2页 / 共11页
句子成分专题(带答案)_第3页
第3页 / 共11页
句子成分专题(带答案)_第4页
第4页 / 共11页
句子成分专题(带答案)_第5页
第5页 / 共11页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《句子成分专题(带答案)》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《句子成分专题(带答案)(11页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

1、戴氏教育达州西外校区名校冲刺戴氏教育温馨提醒:暑假班是学习的大好时机,可以在这两个月的时间里,学习新知识,总结旧知识,查漏补缺,巩固提高。在这个充满热情的季节,祝你学习轻松愉快.“句子成分”专题讲解一、 考点、热点回顾1、五种基本句子结构2,句子的成分划分二、 单元重点、难点、考点精讲1、 五种基本句子结构的特别句型2、 句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。(一) 初中英语五种基本句子结构 S + V 即 “主 + 谓”。特点:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词,介词短语等作状语。Eg: He laughed. John has read wid

2、ely . He lives in Chengdu. S + V + O 即 “主 + 谓 + 宾”特点:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须跟一个宾语。Eg: Our team beat all the others. S + V + P 即“主 + 系 + 表”特点:谓语动词是系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语,常见系动词有be(am, is , are“是”), become“成为”, get“变化“,turn,grow, look, feel, smell, taste, sound, seem, keep, stay等。Eg: The ro

3、se smells sweet. He is a math teacher. S + V + INO + DO.即“主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”。特点:谓语动词有两个宾语;这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常要加介词 for 或 to, 可跟说宾语的动词有answer, bring, buy, find, get, give, lend, make, pass, pay, send, show, sing, take, teach, tell, write等。Eg: He told me an interesti

4、ng story.Would you please give this book to me? S + V + O + OC.即“主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补”。特点:谓语动词虽然有一个宾语,但意思还不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。Eg : We must keep our school clean.S = Subject 主语 V=Verb 谓语动词 P = Predicative 表语 O= Object 宾语 INO = Indirect Object 间接宾语 Do= direct obj

5、ect 直接宾语 OC= object complement宾语补足语(二)句子成分(主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语)英语句子和汉语句子一样,都是由单词按照一定的规则所组成的。不同的词类在句中所起的作用是不同的。因此,只有搞清楚不同词类在句中充当哪些成分,才能正确分析、理解句子的含义,并能准确地遣词造句,逐渐达到流利地说出地道的英语。 主语(S):是句子要说明的人或物,是句子的主体。一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。1)The car is running fast. (名词)2) We are students. (代词)3) One of my classmates

6、is from Chengdu. (数词)4) Its bad manner to spit in public. (不定式)5) Eating too much is bad for your health. (动名词) 注意: 若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(不定式或短语放在句后)。 谓语: 说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分。一般由动词充当。动词分为: 实义动词:play、go、run等。 连系动词:be(am、is、are), smell、feel、see、find。 情态动词:can、may、should、must、need 助动词 :do、does、di

7、d、be等。注意:谓语部分的划分。 实义动词单独作谓语、 连系动词和表语一起构成谓语。 情态动词与省略to的不定式结构合成谓语。 助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语。Eg: 1), He works in a factory. (实义动词)。2), I felt cold . (系动词 + 表语)3), I can speak English. ( 情态动词 + 实义动词)4), Do you speak English ? (助动词 + 实义动词)5), They are working in a field. (助动词 + 实义动词)注意:谓语与主语在人称和数方面要相互照应。宾语:是及物动词所涉

8、及的对象。一般由名词、代词、不定式及动名词等充当。1) He is doing his homework. (名词)2) They did nothing this morning. ( 代词)。3) She wants to go home. (不定式)注意: 有的动词可接双宾语,间接宾语指人,直接宾语指物。这类动词常见的有:give, buy, lend, pass, tell, leave等。 1), please give me your money. 2), Please give your money to me.直接宾语一般放在间宾之后,若把直接宾语放在前面,则要在间接宾语前加适

9、当的介词to 或for.有的动词常用不定式作宾语,而不能用动名词。这类词有:“want, wish, hope, promise, decide, chose, care等 + to do sth.”Eg: I hope to see you again.有的动词一般只用动名词作宾语,而不用不定式。如:Enjoy, finish, mind, suggest, keep on等Eg : I enjoy playing basketball.定语:用于修饰名词或代词。一般由形容词、名词、数词、不定式或等充当。1), What a beautiful follower it is. (形容词)2)

10、, She is a chemistry teacher. (名词)3), There are two students in the classroom. (数词)4), We have something to do tomorrow. (不定式)注意: 定语一般位于被修饰词之前,但若修饰不定代词或不定式等短语,(不定代词: something, everything, nothing, anything 等),则放在后面。状语: 用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。一般由副词、介词短语、不定式短语或从句充当。单个副词作状语放在被修饰词之前。短语或从句在句首或句末:1), I get up

11、at five in the morning. (介词短语)2), He is studying hard so as to catch up with others. ( 不定式)3), We were having breakfast when the telephone rang. (从句)注意:enough 作状语,能放在被修饰词之后。表语: 用于说明主语的身份、特征或感受。一般由名词、数词、形容词、分词等充当。常用连系动词有:be, look, get, sound, feel, become, smell, turn, taste.等1), They are workers. (名

12、词)2), Two and three is five. ( 数词)3), The story is very interesting. (形容词)4), My job is teaching English. (动名词)5), She is at home. (介词短语)补语(宾语补足语): 宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。需接复合宾语的动词有:tell, let, help, teach, ask, see, have, order, make等。“宾补”一般由不定式短语、分词、名词、形容词充当。1), We elected him monitor . (名词)2), I found i

13、t difficult to learn English. (形容词)3), The doctor told me to do more exercise . (不定式)4), He is going to have his hair cut. (过去分词)5), They saw a bird flying in the sky. (现在分词)三、 典型例题(分析句子结构)1)How can I get to the station? 2)We enjoy playing football. 3)I feel terrible.四、课堂练习勾画并标注出下列句子的成分:1, I want to

14、 look for myself.2, He was wrong !3, My friends give me a big football.4, My life will be letter.5, We have to wear a uniform to school. 1, Yang Liwei is a famous Chinese astronant.2, The teacher ask me to clean the classroom.3, She can speak English and Chinese.4, Predicting the future can be diffi

15、cult.5, The head of one of the biggest movie companies in the United States predicted that no one would want to see actors talk.五、课后练习(一) 指出下例句中主语的中心词 The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall

展开阅读全文
相关资源
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 高等教育 > 习题/试题

电脑版 |金锄头文库版权所有
经营许可证:蜀ICP备13022795号 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号