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1、 2022职称英语考试模全真拟试题卫生类C级第三套4ulcersEven though ulcers appear to run in families，lifestyle plays more of a role than geneticfactors in causing the illness，according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal MedicineIn particular ，smoking and stress in men and the regular use of painreleasing med
2、icines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing all ulcerOverall，61of ulcer risk appears to be due to environmental factors，such as smoking, and the remaining 39is due to genes according to DrIsmo Raiha of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki，FinlandS
3、ome researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori ，the bacteria that can cause ulcersHowever。the new study suggests this is unlikely，according to the reportRaiha and colleagues studied data from more than 1 3，000 pairs of twins“to examine the roles of genetic and environme
4、ntal factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease”they explainBoth twins were more likely to develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a par of fraternal twins，suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer developmentHowever，the risk was no greater
5、 in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposure to H. pylori was not to blame“Environmental effects were not due to factors shared by family members ，and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the Use of analgesics in women，”the authors wrote“T
6、he minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support the concept that the grouping of risk factors，such as H.pylori infection，would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease,”they concluded词汇：ulcern溃疡lifestylen生活方式geneticadj基因的，遗传(性)的stressn压力，紧急，造成紧急的因素overalladv总的说来，
7、大体上environmentaladj环境的，有关环境(爱护)的genen基因colleaguen同事，同僚bacterian【bacterium的复数】细菌pepticadj消化性的 fraternaladj异卵双生的，两合子的susceptibilityn敏感性，过敏性analgesicn止痛剂，镇痛药liabilityn倾向练习：1According to the passage，which of the following is a very likely cause of ulcer in men?A)Smoking and stressB)Drinking and smokingC
8、)Genes and childrenD)Use of a certain medicine2What factors contribute to over half the ulcers?A)Hereditary factorsB)Economic factorsC)Environmental factorsD)Genetic factors3In relation to ulcers，experts study twins in order to examineA)the roles of genetic factorsB)the roles of environmental factor
9、sC)the roles of both genetic and environmental factorsD)the roles of brotherhood4”Environmental effects” in the fourth paragraph refers to effects brought about byA)a clean environmentB)smoking and stress in men and use of pain-killing medicine in womenC)factors shared by family members such as genes and the food they eatD)shared exposure to H. pylori infection5The passage argues thatA)ulcers are related to genesB)ulcers are chiefly related to lifestyleC)ulcers appear in men and womenD)ulcers are caused by pylori infection
