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1、动词和动词词组辨析 第一部分 知识点梳理一、 动词辨析1. borrow; lend; keepborrow借入（不能与延续性时间状语 连用）常用于borrow sth. from sb.I borrowed a penfromyesterday.Marylend借出（不能与延续性时间状语 连用）常用于lend sb. sth.或 lend sth. to sb.Would you lend your MP4 to me?keep保存，保留（引申为“借用” 能和表示时间段的时间状语 及how long等连用How long keep dictionary?may Ithis2. cost; p
2、ay; spend; take（形式）主语谓语宾语补语人spendTimeormoneyon sth./ (in) doing sth.物或事costmoney事taketime or money人paymoney Janemuch money on pets. This TV set me much money. It _ me ten minutes to go to the post office. Well you in a few days.3. carry; fetch; take; bringbring某人从某地带来某物carry某人保持拿某物的状态fetch某人往返趟取得某物t
3、ake某人将某物从某地拿走 She her baby in her arms. the rubbish away. Remember to me an umbrella. Go and the dictionary.4. invent; discover; createinvent通过想象或实验创造出以前不存在的东西Bell invented the telephone in 1876.discover发现早已存在，只是一直未被人发现或知道的东西She discovered the dog under the dog.create通过想象创造出新的人物形象或戏剧角色He created man
4、y famous characters.5. memorize; rememberremember指一件事或印象是在记 忆中，多想想可以想得 出Hellen could not remember when she had been so happy.memorize有意识地去“默记”或My English teacher asked“熟记”以留下印象us to memorize these new words.6. raise; riseraise举起，提起，增加（及物动 词）Tom raised his arms above his head.rise人或物从低处向高处上升，数量增加（不及物
5、动词）Look, the sun is rising.7. look at; see; watchwatch观看某个正在或将要发生、移动或变化的事物或事件等He is watching TV.see看见某物（强调结果）It was so dark he could hardly see.look at用视线投注在某物上（强调行为）Students are looking at the teacher.8. steal; robsteal暗中偷窃别人钱财（常用steal sth. from sb.）My bike has been stolen.rob用暴力抢劫别人财物（常用rob sb. of
6、 sth.）She was robbed of her ring.9. say; speak; tell; talksay说（着重于所说的话。作及物动词时，后接名词、代词、His passport says he is 29.动词不定式等或that/ wh-从句作宾语）speak说（着重开口发出的声音。 多作不及物动词，如作及物 动词，后接languages）I was so surprised that I could not speak.tell告诉，讲给别人听Tell you the truth.talk多作连续性的说话和交谈They are talking business.10.da
7、mage; hurtdamage常指车辆、房屋、 庄稼等无生命物体 受损或毁坏而失掉 其价值、用途或外 表Hiscarwasdamaged in an accident.hurt指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害He hurt his back when he fell.11.accept; receiveaccept接受（表示接受者 经过考虑，愿意接 受）I accepted the invitation.receive收到（强调行为本 身，不涉及收受者Ireceivedaninvitation.是否接受） Yesterday Ia letterMary. I didhis invitati
8、on but I didntit.12.arrive; get; reacharrive到达（不及物动词，后面 跟地点时，必须加介词in 或at）I arrived at No.2 bus stop.get到达（后接名词要加to;表示到家用get home）When did you get home yesterday evening?reach到达（及物动词，后面直接跟表地点的名词）They reached Los Angeles on Saturday.二、 动词词组辨析1. join; take part in; attendjoin加入组织Tom joined the army whe
9、n he was18.take part in参加活动He always takes part in outdoor activities.attend出席He attended a meeting.2. be made of; be made up ofbe made of由制成（在成品中可看见原料）The table is made of wood.be made up of由组成（指各个部分The bridge model is组成整体）made up of many pieces of paper.3. be used to; used tobe used to(现在)习惯(be us
10、ed tosth./ doing sth.)Im used to working with him now.used to过去常常做某事（usedto do）My father used to smoke.4. happen; take placehappen（当主语为”事”）发生Whendidthehappen to sb.；earthquake happen?（当主语为”人”）碰巧He happened to knowhappen to dothe place.take发生（指事先计划或预想The meeting took placeplace到）；举行某种活动at 8:00 as pla
11、nned.7. look for; find out; findlook for寻找（强调行动）Kitty is looking for her dog.find找到（强调结果）I cant find my car key.find out查明（具体事因，真相等）He wanted to find out what the problem was.三、 其他(1)1. looklook after 照看，照料look at 看 look forward to doing sth.期待着look like 看上去像 look out 注意 留神look up 查寻，抬头看2. putput of
12、f 延期put on 穿，戴上，上演 put out 扑灭 put up 举起，挂起3. take take a look 看一看 take a message for sb.给某人捎个口信 take up 开 始从事take away 拿走 take onesadvice 听从某人劝告take charge of 负责，管理take hold of 抓住 take care of 照料 乘地铁4. turntake notes 记笔记take out 取出take off 脱掉(衣服)起飞take an underground (train)turn up/down （把音量等）调高、调低
13、灯、电视、收音机等）turn on/off 开、关掉（电turn out 结果是，证明是turn over 翻（车、页），翻身 turn into变成5. getget along/on (with)进展，与相处 get back返回get up起床get on /off 上、下车get ready for 为-准备get rid of 摆脱get tired of 对-感到厌倦get to 到达 get into the habit of 养成-的习惯6. makemake a decision 作出决定make a film 拍电影 make a fire 生火make a living
14、谋生 make a mistake 犯错误make a noise 弄出声make friends with 与-交朋友 make fun of 拿-开玩笑 make money 赚钱make progress 取得进步 make the bed 整理床铺 make up one s mind 下决心7. gogo ahead 向前走，去吧 go for a swim 去游泳 go shopping 去购物 go home 回家 go on 继续 go on a diet 实行节食 go on a picnic 去野餐go on with/ doing sth.继续做某事 go out熄灭go over 复习go to bed 就寝go to sleep 入睡go wrong 出错 go to school 上学go sightseeing 去观光 go to college 上大学go to the cinema/movie(s)看电影 go to (the)
