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1、指示代词的用法一、指示代词的基本用法指示代词(this, that, these, those)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语:This is yours and that is mine.这是你的,那是我的。I want this book, not that book.我要这本书,不是那本书。I like these and he likes those.我喜欢这些,他喜欢那些。These computers are cheap.这些电脑便宜些。What I want to say is this.我想说的就是这点。【说明】指示代词用作主语和定语时,可指人或物;用作宾语和表语时,只指物。
2、如This is my father. this在句中作作主语,可以指人,但是在Do you know this?中,this作宾语,此句只能理解为“你知道这个情况吗?”不能理解为“你认识这个人吗?”二、表替代的that与those有时为了避免重复,可用that和those代替前面提到的名词:The population of China is much larger that that of Japan.中国人口比日本人口多得多。(that = the population)His views are close to those of the Socialist Party.他的观点接近社
3、会党的观点。(those = the views)三、this与that用法比较1.用来回指上文提到的事情时,可用this或that,但是若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用this:She married Jim, and this that surprised me.她嫁给了吉姆,这使我感到很吃惊。I want to know this: Is he healthy?我想知道这一点:他是否很健康。【说明】回指上文的that在译成汉语时,通常却译为“这”:Thats where you are wrong.这就是你不对的地方。2.在打电话时,通常用this指自己,用that指对方:Hello. T
4、his is Jim. Is that John?喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?但在美国英语中指对方时也可用this。3.除用作代词外,this和that都可用作副词,与形容词或副词连用,其义为“这么”、“那么”(=so):Its about this (that) high.大约这(那)么高。Is it this hot every day?每天都有这么热吗?四、this的特殊用法注意以下各句中this的用法:He will be in Paris this day next week.下个星期的今天他将在巴黎了。He will come here this day next month.他将在下个月的今天来这儿。比较:He got married ten years ago today.他是10年前的今天结婚的。