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1、更多优质自考资料尽在百度贴吧自考乐园俱乐部（http:/ know youre busy.(2)表经常或反复发生的动作。He smokes a lot.（3）自然现象或永恒真理。Gases expand when heated.（4）表现在时刻发生的动作。如运动解说、演示说明、动作描述、剧情介绍等等。（5）一般现在时表示将来情况。The plane takes off at 1130 and arrives in Shanghai at 1320.The show begins at seven and ends at ten.主句可用将来时或含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时或其它时态。Ill
2、give her the telex when she comes.If we hurry, we may catch the bus.2.基本结构(1)主+be(am, is, are)+名（介词短语，代词）Tomorrow is Saturday.(2)主+实义动词+宾I regret my ignorance on the subject.（3）注意其否定、疑问变化。Do, dont, does, doesnt.(4)动词的复数即实义动词的变化规则（略）。第三人称单数形式。3.与一般现在时适用的状语Now and then, every,so often,currently,nowada
3、ys,these days.at present, rarely,as a rule etc.（二）现在进行时1.基本结构be(am, is, are)+doing(其为实义动词）其否定、疑问变化形式。2.基本用法（1）表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作，其时间状语一般用now, at the moment etc.(2)表现阶段的一段时间正在进行或发生的动作，但说话的此刻动作不一定正在进行着，时间状语通常为recently, these days etc.Hes making the plan these days.(3)现在进行时，表将来时，时间状语有tomorrow, next week等
4、。如arrive, come, go, get, leave, spend, start, stay, work etc.Im seeing my friend this afternoon.(4)Be doing其动词的变化规则（略）。3.现在进行时中对动词的要求和限制（1）如like, want, know等不是动作动词，禁止用进行时态。Were liking.Be动词可用于进行时态，即表示一时的表现。Im being serious.我是说正经的。Im not being hard on anybody.Im being reasonable.只是理智行事。（2）现在进行时可表一个经常性
5、的动作，常表某种情绪。Youre always interrupting me!Hes always interfering in my affairs.Shes constantly changing her mind.区别：It rains a lot here.(说明事实)Its always raining here.（抱怨）She does fine work at school.Shes doing fine work in school.甚至某些静态动词也可用于现在进行时。Im forgetting that I promised to visit him tonight.（三）
6、一般过去时1.基本用法（1）常用来表示过去某一时间所发生的动作。（2）表示在过去一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2.基本结构(1)主+be动词(was/were)+名（代/介词短语）（2）主+动词的过去式+宾(3)动词的过去时变化（略）和含过去时句子的肯定、否定、疑问变化。did, didnt, Did.?e.g.Where were you at that time?I was sorry to hear that.Who left the door open?What did you major in?Did you go home yesterday? Yes, I did. No
7、, I didnt.I didnt go home yesterday.3.过去时的句子常带有标志性的时间状语.yesterday, at that time.ago, last year, week, just now etc.4.Ago(1)多用于过去时。（2）它所指时间是从现在算起。It was 20 years ago when Jack was a boy of fifteen.5.Before(1)多用于过去完成时（2）它所指时间是从过去某一时刻算起（可与previously换用）。Last summer, I finally left the firm that I had jo
8、ined 18 years before.(四)过去进行时1.基本用法表在过去某个时间某事正在进行，过去时间可由一时间状语表示，时间状语并非总是跟着。2.基本结构Be(was/were)+doing.What were you doing when I called you?3.过去进行时/一般过去时(1)过去进行时表示一个正在进行尚未完成的动作。They were building a bridge there.(未必建成）过去时表示一个业已完成的动作。They built a bridge there.(2)但有些动词本身并不表示动作完成，如rain,snow,wear,feel等，这时两
9、种时态都可以，在意思上差别不大。It rained all day yesterday.Its raining all day yesterday.4.过去进行时与现在进行时一样，与forever、frequently连用时表厌恶等情绪。He was always making mistakes.I was wondering if you could give me a lift.5.主从句中过去进行时的体现(1)While后跟从句时，从句中须是延续性动词，但when之后的动词则短暂性动词或延续性动词都可以。(2)过去时中的两个动作，习惯上一个用一般过去时，另一个用过去进行时。动用较长用过去
10、进行时，动作较短用一般过去时，两个动作可能同时开始，但不同时结束。When someone knocked at the door, I was having supper.When I was attending the class, he upset the cup.(3)由于分工的不同，两个动作的起始和结束时间几乎相同时，均用过去进行时。When I was listening to the radio, my sister was dancing.My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.(4)两个动作在同时段进行，先发生的
11、动作用过去进行时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。两个动作在时间上一先一后。The telephone rang when I was opening the door.我正开门时电话铃响了。When the telephone was ringing, I opened the door.电话正响时我开了门。6.切记瞬间动词没有进行时态两个动作同时发生，延续性动词用进行时态，瞬间动词使用过去时。（五）现在完成时1.基本用法(1)在过去不确定时间里发生的并与现在有着某种联系的动作，体现的是影响或结果。（2）动作开始于过去并持续到现在的动作。（现在完成进行时）。2.基本结构主+have(has)+动词
12、的过分注意其肯定、否定、疑问变化，动词的过去分词变化规律（略）。3.现在完成时的时间状语Already,yet,just,recently,so far,for,since,up to now,in the past 2 years.Ive worked in the company for 2 years.(1)如果完成时句子中后跟(for+一般时间）时，其谓语动词须是持续性动词;但如若后面未跟一段时间则可以用短暂性动词；如果完成句是否定句且谓语是短暂性动词，则后可跟一段时间。Theyve come to visit us from time to time.(2)相关动词的相应转换borr
13、owkeep(have)come backbe backHe died 5 years ago.He has been dead for 5 years.He left his hometown many years agoHe has been away for many years.4.相关难点（1）have gone(to)have been(to)(2)完成时与since(从句)一般since从句中用的都是短暂性动词的过去时。He has been ill since I saw him last.(3)如若since从句中用的是持续性动词（静态动词）的过去时，则含义不同，其表示从句动
14、作的完成或结束。The house has been in bad repair since he lived in it.The house has been in bad repair since he moved out.I havent eaten snails since I was a student at Indiana University.I havent eaten snails since I left Indiana University.(4)如若since从句中的动作或状态延续到说话时间，通常要用持续性动词或表状态动词的现在完成时。He has written to
15、 me frequenthy since I was ill.自从病愈以来He has written to me frequenthy since I have been ill.自从我生病以来I havent seen you since Ive been back.I havent seen you since I was back.(5)区别The house has been in bad repair since he lived in it.The house has been in bad repair since he has lived in it.He has stayed here for
