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1、OntheCulturalTranslationofChinese【Abstract】AsatypeofclassicalChineseliteraturewithalonghistory,theancientChinesepoetryhaslongattractedtheattentionofscholarsathomeandabroadandbeentranslatedbythem.ThispaperattemptstomakeatentativestudyonPeterNewmarkstheoryintheculturetranslationofChinesepoetry.Itprove
2、sthatthetheoryplaysakeyroleintheculturetranslationofChinesepoems.【KeyWords】PeterNewmark;communicativetranslation;semantictranslation;poemtranslationAsatypeofclassicalChineseliteraturewithalonghistory,theancientChinesepoetryhaslongattractedtheattentionofscholarsathomeandabroadandbeentranslatedbythem.
3、Fordifferenttranslators,thetranslatedversionsandmethodsarequitedifferent.Basedonhisownpastresearchandsomeothertransdisciplinaryknowledge,PeterNewmark,thefamousEnglishtranslationtheorist,hasputforwardtheprinciplesof“semantictranslation”and“communicativetranslation”.1.TheCharacteristicsofPoemTranslati
4、onPoemtranslationisquitedifferentfromthetranslationsofnovels,dramas,prosesandfilmscripts.Thisisdeterminedbyitsowncharacteristics.Thenwhatareitscharacteristics?Generallyspeaking,therearethreeprimeaspects.Firstly,poememphasizesonthebeautyoftempoandmetre.Abeautifulpoemmusthavemuchattractivenessbetweent
5、helines.Whenyouhearsomereadingthecharmingpoem,itseemsthatyouarelisteningtoabeautifulsong.Secondly,fromalingualperspective,thelanguagesofpoemisquitesuccinctandtheinformationinoneunitstructure.Itsstructureisratherdifferentfromsomecommonlingualstructures,duetotherequirementofitsmetre,rhythmandform.Fina
6、lly,apoemisthemostseniorformofliterature,itsmetre,formandideabecomingintegration.Thelackofanyoneofthemwillleadtothedestructionofthewholepoem.Whatsmore,thesignificanceshouldbereadbetweenthelines,becausethelinesconsistofmanyconstituentsofimaginationwhentheauthorproducesthepoem.Thatistosay,wecanalwayss
7、eethebeautyofobscurityfrompoems.Theunderstandingandfeelingtowardsapoemdependsontheappreciator,timeandspace.2.AboutPeterNewmarksTranslationTheoryAccordingtoPeterNewmark,communicativetranslationattemptstoproduceonitsreadersaneffectascloseaspossibletothatobtainedonthereadersoftheoriginal.Semantictransl
8、ationattemptstorender,ascloselyasthesemanticandsyntacticstructuresofthesecondlanguageallow,theexactcontextualmeaningoftheoriginal.Intheory,therearewidedifferencesbetweenthetwomethods.Communicativetranslationmustemphasizetheeffectratherthanthecontentofthemessage,andsemantictranslationwouldbemoreinfor
9、mativebutlesseffective.Semantictranslationattemptstorecreatethepreciseflavorandtoneoftheoriginalanditrelatestothe“expressive”functionoflanguage,whereascommunicativetranslationrespondstotherepresentationalandvocativefunctions.Thusfor“WetPaint!”,thecommunicativetranslation“Donttouchthewetpaint”ismanda
10、tory;thesemantictranslation(paintiswet)wouldbemoreinformativebutlesseffective.3.AStudyontheCulturalTransferenceofChinesePoetry3.1AppellationCultureAppellationcultureisadual-propertysemioticsystemwhichconcernswithappellationandinvolvesbothlinguisticsandculture.Itisasemioticsystembecauseitismarkedbywo
11、rdsorphrasesinlanguages.TheevolutionofChinesehistoryandthecontinuousblendingamongnationalitiesinancientChinahasgivenrisetoacomplexHanculture.Appellationcultureisagoodcaseinpoint.Appellationcanbedividedintorelativeappellationandassociation.Arelativeappellationisaculturalsymbolproducedbymarriagesystem
12、.Afterlong-termculturalsediment,ithasbecomewellestablished.InancientChina,thecomplexmarriagesystemfinallyledtoacomplicatedrelativeappellationsystem,whichinevitablycausestroublesintranslation.E.g.2未谙姑食性，先遣小姑尝。Verginial:Idecidethatnotmymother-in-law.Butmyhusbandsyoungsistershallhavethefirsttaste.XuYua
13、nchng:Tomeetmymother-in-lawstaste,Isendherdaughterthefirstshare.Fletcher:Butwhatkindoftasteauntielikes,Idontknow,Sosendtomysister-in-lawthefirstshare.InancientChina,therewasatraditionalcustom,whichmeanttoturncousinshipintomarriageship.Inotherwords,agirlwassupposedtomarrythesonofhermothersbrother,thusshewouldcallherhusbandsparents,i.e.herfather-in-lawandmother-in-lawuncleandauntorauntie.Fletcher,obviously,hasbeenconfusedbythesurfacemeaningof“姑”,hence,hetranslatesthiswordsemanticallyas“auntie”.Althoughthegirlcallsherhusbandsmotheraunt,shehastopresentasadaughter-in-lawandlookatthe“aunt”asmoth
