《膛线检测摘要.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《膛线检测摘要.doc（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、摘要枪膛，即枪管中装送子弹的部分。枪膛是枪械的主体部分，也是最重要的部分。枪膛的口径、长度决定了枪的射程和杀伤力。可以说枪膛决定着枪的整体性能和质量。枪管中的膛线，让子弹产生自转，以减少空气对其的影响,提高子弹射出后飞行中的稳定性.在子弹从枪膛出射过程中，由于子弹出射速度极大，产生极大的热能，使得枪膛内部材料发生融化等情况，膛线受损，从而出现烧蚀现象。众所周知，枪械作为一个国家常规军事兵器的重要组成部分，其技术的发展水平决定了国家军事实力的现代化水平。枪械的枪管是给予子弹飞行的初速度、稳定的飞行方向并能承受弹药气体压力的主要部件。而实际上隐藏在枪管中的膛线才是子弹准确度和速度的关键。枪械内膛同
2、时要承受子弹在穿过枪膛时的挤压力和摩擦力，以及高温高压弹药气体的热化学腐蚀作用。这些因素都将使膛线产生烧蚀、磨损、裂纹等表面疵病。毫无疑问，膛线的质量好坏会直接影响到武器射击的精确程度、武器的使用寿命及使用安全性等重要战技指标。因此对枪管内膛表面的无损检测是枪械研制和生产中非常重要的部分。随着电子技术、多媒体技术、计算机技术的不断发展，以CCD(即电荷耦合器件)为采集数据源的图像采集技术也取得了很大的进步。本设计是以CCD微型相机摄像方式来获取枪械内膛图像信息，其拍摄图像检测方式是通过MATLAB软件对采集到的内膛图片进行图像处理，得到内膛表面的特征信息，精确快速的检测出内膛表面各个部分的烧蚀
3、情况，从而计算出该枪械内膛的烧蚀率，判断其是否对子弹出射准确度产生较大影响，是否需要维修处理。通过对检测系统的运行原理的分析与研究，设计出了系统的机械结构以及基于单片机的图像采集系统。步进电机是一种进行精确步进运动的机电执行元件，它广泛应用于工业机械的数字控制，为使系统的可靠性、通用性、可维护性以及性价比最优。根据控制系统功能要求及步进电机应用环境，确定了设计系统硬件和软件的功能划分，从而实现了基于8051单片机的四相步进电机的开环控制系统。关键词：枪膛；烧蚀；CCD；图像采集；步进电机AbstractThe barrel of a gun is the part where to send
4、the bullet. Barrel is the main part of the gun, also is the most important part. The diameter and length of the barrel decide the shooting distance and lethality. It is to say that, the barrel decides the overall performance and quality of the gun. Grooves in the barrel let the bullet to produce rot
5、ation, to reduce the impact on it which from the air and improve the stability of the bullet in the flight. In the process of bullet exit from a gun, because of the great output speed, it produces heat energy greatly, makes the internal materials to melt, and so on. Grooves is damaged, thus appearin
6、g the ablation phenomenon. It is well known, gun as an important part of the national conventional military weapons, the development of its technology level determines the level of modernization of national military power. Gun barrel is the main part giving the beginning rate, stable flight directio
7、n to a bullet and it can withstand the ammunition gas pressure. But in fact hidden in the barrel grooves is the key to the accuracy and velocity of the bullet. The bore bears the extrusion and friction when bullets through the gun barrel, and endures thermal chemical corrosion effect from ammunition
8、 gas with high temperature and high pressure in the same time. All of these factors will make the grooves produce erosion, attrition, flaw and another surface defects. There is no doubt that, grooves quality stand or fall will directly affect the service life of the weapon, shooting accuracy of it,
9、and the security of use, which belong to the important lighter index, etc. For non-destructive testing on the surface of the barrel bore gun is a very important part in development and production.With the continuous development of electronic technology, multimedia technology and computer technology,
10、 CCD (charge-coupled device) for collecting data of image acquisition technology has also made a great progress. This design is based on CCD tiny camera to get gun bore image information. The film image detection way is through the MATLAB software to bore images obtained by image processing, to get
11、the bore surface features information, detecting precisely and quickly bore erosion surface of each part of the situation. Through that work to calculate the gun bore ablation rate, whether it for pop-up shot accuracy have great influence, whether to need a deal with the maintenance. Through the ana
12、lysis of the testing system and the research, designing the mechanical structure of the system and image acquisition system based on single chip microcomputer.Stepper motor is a kind of precise stepper movement of the mechanical and electrical actuator. It is widely used in digital control of indust
13、rial machinery. According to the application environment function requirements and stepper motor control system, determine the design of system hardware and software functional division, determine the function design of system hardware and software ,to make the system reliability, versatility, maint
14、ainability, and the optimal cost performance. So as to realize the four phase stepping motor control system based on 8051 single chip microcomputer.Key works: gun barrel; erosion; CCD; image acquisition; stepper motor1张洪伟，任现君新型枪械内膛疵病检测设备l飞行器测控学报，2002，21(2)2刘立欣，王文生，刘广利枪械内膛疵病图像的边缘检测算法U兵工学报，2005，26(1)：
15、1051074郑军，张建，马建峰，王信义火炮身管膛线参数检测技术研究与机械，2002，29(3)71745杨滨峰枪械内膛测量技术的研究D长春理工大学硕士论文2009杨滨峰枪械内膛测量技术的研究学位论文 2009郑军;张建;马建峰;王信义火炮身管膛线参数检测技术研究期刊论文-机械 2002(03) 刘立欣;王文生;刘广利枪械内膛疵病图像的边缘检测算法期刊论文-兵工学报 2005(01)张洪伟;任现君新型枪械内膛疵病检测设备期刊论文-飞行器测控学报 2002(02)张家生. 电机原理与拖动基础M. 北京：北京邮电大学出版社，2006. 马淑华，王凤文，张美金. 单片机原理与接口技术M.北京：北京邮
16、电大学出版社，2007. 顾德英，张健，马淑华.计算机控制技术M. 北京：北京邮电大学出版社，2006. 欧阳娟机电一体化技术在现代机械制造业中的应用期刊论文-中国新技术新产品 2010(12)王玉琳步进电动机可变细分驱动器期刊论文-微特电机 2005(04)何丽民，单片机初级教程，北京航空航天大学出版社；沙占友，王彦朋，孟志永，单片机外围电路设计，电子工业出版社；张迎新 单片机初级教程单片机基础，北京航空航天大学出版社。3 黄素贞，尹立新，张国梁基于CCD的图像采集处理系统的研究J电子应用技术，2004，30(10)：69724鲍超，信息检测技术M杭州：浙江大学出版社，2002，56-795李介谷图像处理技术M上海：上海交通大学出
