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1、Exercise1Fiber-optic lines will form most of the backbone of the information highway, just as they do for the phone system today. Fiber-optic cable is made of long, think strands of glass rather than wire, and it transmits information in the form of digitized pulses of laser light rather than the ra
2、dio waves used by coaxial cable. Because light pulses have shorter wavelengths than radio waves, engineers can cram much more data into fiber-optic lines than into other kinds of cables and wires. A single fiber, for example, can handle a mind-boggling 5,000 video signals or more than 500,000 voice
3、conversations simultaneously. This huge capacity allows it to transmit all signals digitally. So noise or static easily can be filtered out. Finally, because glass is an inherently more efficient medium for transmitting information than other materials, a fiber-optic line can transmit a signal thous
4、ands of miles without much “signal loss”. Fiber-optic cable, simply put, is the method of choice for transmitting massive quantities of information over long distances. Another key is “digital compression” a variety of methods for reducing the amount of digital code (streams of ones and zeros) neede
5、d to represent a piece of information whether it is a document, a still picture, a movie or a sound. Digital compression is most critical for transmitting video, because digitized video consumes enormous amounts of space. Just four seconds of a digitized film, for example, would completely fill a 10
6、0-megabyte hard drive. A feature film of typical length, if uncompressed, would occupy more than 350 ordinary compact discs. Compression techniques achieve their gins by recording only the changes from one frame to the next. The background image in a movie scene, for example, typically does not chan
7、ge much from one frame to another. In a digital compression scheme, the background would be recorded only once; after that, only the actors movements would be captured. One result is more choices hundreds of channels coming through your cable TV line instead of dozens. Digital compression also makes
8、 it easier to piggyback data onto media that were not designed with data in mind: in particular, phone lines. 译文：光纤电缆构成了今日电话系统的主干线，同样，它也将构成未来信息公路的主干线。光纤电缆的制造材料是细长的玻璃丝而不是金属导线，它的信息传输方式是激光数字脉冲而不是同轴电缆使用的无线电波。由于光脉冲的波长比无线电波的波长短，因而工程师可以输入光纤电缆的信息量之大令其它类型的电缆和导线望尘莫及。例如，一根光纤电缆可同时处理五千个电视信号或50多万次电话通话，简直令人惊奇。这种巨大
9、的能力使它可以实现全部信号传输数字化，从而轻而易举地滤掉噪音或静电干扰。最后要指出的是，玻璃作为媒介，它本身的传输效率便高于其它材料，因而一条光纤电缆可将一个信号传输数千英里而几乎没有“信号流失”。简而言之，光纤电缆是远距离传输大量信息的最佳方式。另一关键技术是“数字压缩”技术及减少数码（一连串的1和0）数量的各种方法，这种数码用来表示某种信息，如一份文件、一张静止图片、一部电影或一种声音。数字压缩技术对影像传送来说至关重要，因为数字化影像会占据大量的存储空间。例如，仅仅四秒钟的数字化影片，便要占据一百兆的硬盘存储空间。一部普通长度的故事片，如果未经压缩，要占350多张普通光盘。数据压缩技术只
10、记录一个画面与下一个画面之间的变化，从而实现其功能。例如，电影场景的背景图像在一个画面转为另一个画面时通常是不变的，在数字压缩系统中，背景图象只被记录一次，此后便只记录演员的动作。数据压缩技术使可供选择的有线电视频道从几十个增加到几百个，数字压缩技术还能使数据更容易通过本不是用于传送数据的媒体线传送特别是电话线。Exercise 2US Economic Growth May Speed UpThe Leading Economic Index show U.S. economic growth may improve over the next three to six months.The
11、 Conference Boards study of data thought to show the direction of the economy rose half a percentage point in February, a big improvement over the prior two months. Reviewing the data published Thursday, analysts predicted that growth will pick up as the economy shakes off the effects of worse-than-
12、usual winter weather. That foul weather is partly to blame for a four-tenths of a percent decline in the number of homes sold in February. Analysts say rising prices and interest rates also played a role in the slowdown. A separate government report showed the number of Americans signing up for unem
13、ployment compensation rose slightly last week. The number of newly-laid off people seeking help rose by 5,000 to a nationwide total of 320,000. That total is still close to a four-month low. 美国经济增长或将增速 美国研究机构经济研究会公布的经济先行指数显示，美国经济增长在未来3到6个月里也许会得到改善。一般认为，这个指数可以反映美国经济的走向。2月份，这个指数上升了半个百分点，比前两个月有了很大改善。分析
14、师们根据星期四发表的数据预计，美国经济一旦摆脱今年冬季的反常天气造成的影响，经济增长就会很快出现起色。2月份房屋销售下跌0.4%被归咎为恶劣天气。分析师们说，价格上涨与利率上升也是房屋销售下降的因素。另外一份政府报告显示，上周美国人申请失业救济的人数有所上升。刚刚失业寻求帮助的人增加了5000人，全国总共有32万人，这个数字仍然接近4个月来的低点。 神舟十号飞船成功发射SHENZHOU SPACECRAFT IN ORBIT NOW6月11日，备受世人瞩目的中国载人航天工程神舟十号飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射，我市社会各界纷纷通过广播、电视、网络收听收看了发射直播。June 11, Chin
15、a successfully launched its Shenzhou X spaceship at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, which attracted worldwide attention. As well, citizens of Hefei followed the live launch through radio, television or internet.11号17点38分，执行此次发射任务的中国长征二号F运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心载人航天发射场点火起飞。经过近600秒的飞行，火箭圆满成功地将神舟十号载人飞船带入初始轨道
16、并船箭分离。At 17:38, June 11, a Long March II F carrier rocket blasted off at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. After nearly 600 seconds, the rocket successful sent the Shenzhou X spaceship into orbit and separated itself from the spaceship.许多市民觉得，我国多次成功发射航天飞船显示了祖国的强大实力，也希望航天员们能够圆满完成各项任务顺利返回地球。 Many citizens believe the continued successful launches of several spacecrafts show the strength of the m
