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1、Unit13We retryingtosavetheearth！课时课时3SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)一、被动语态1.被动语态的构成 基本结构：be及物动词的过去分词。被动语态的人称、数和时态的变化通过be动词的变化体现。e.g.I am invitedto the party.我被邀请去聚会。My house wasbuilt in 1994.我的房子是1994年建造的。e.g.My watch has been repaired.我的表已经被修好了。The meeting willbeheld tomorrow.会议将会在明天举行。invitedwasbuiltwil
2、lbeheld2.含情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词be 及物动词的过去分词e.g.The windows must be opened at once.It is too hot.必须立刻打开窗户，太热了。注意：感官动词(hear，see，watch等)或使役动词(make，let等)在主动句中，其后的动词不定式常省略to，但变为被动语态时必须使用to。e.g.We saw a stranger enter the hall.A stranger was seen by us toenterthe hall.我们看到一个陌生人进入大厅。toenter二、情态动词情态动词表示说话人的态度和看法
3、，在句中不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。初中阶段常见的情态动词及用法见下表：can表示“能力或许可”，意为：会，可以。可用在否定句中表推测。may表示“许可”，语气较委婉，可以用在肯定句及否定句中表可能性推测。must/haveto表示“必须”，must表主观上必须，have to表客观上不得不。must还可表肯定推测。should表示“建议”，意为：应该。couldcould既是can的过去式，本身也是情态动词，语气更委婉。三、usedto的用法1.used to 表示“过去常常”，用来描述过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g.My grandfather usedtoreadnews
4、papers when he got up in the morning.我爷爷以前早晨起床后常常读报纸。usedtoreadnewspapers2.used to变否定句和疑问句时一般要借助助动词 did。e.g.Did you use to get up early？你过去常常早起吗？e.g.She didntuse to go swimming.她过去不常去游泳。didDiddidntuse 一、一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Its said that the famous picture in the museum wasstolen(stea
5、l)last week.2.【易易错错题题】The young woman was made to move (move)her car by the policeman.点点拨拨：使使役役动动词词make在在主主动动句句中中，其其后后的的动动词词不不定定式式常常省省略略to，但变为被动语态时必须使用但变为被动语态时必须使用to。wasstolentomove一一二二3.This book isdivided(divide)into four units.4.Telling lies and fighting arenotallowed(not allow)in my family.5.Lot
6、s of flowers areshown(show)on both sides of the street on National Day every year.isdividedarenotallowedareshown一一二二二、完成句子：根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。二、完成句子：根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。6.当地人过去害怕吃海鲜，他们只吃肉。The local people usedtobe afraid of eating seafood，and they just ate meat.7.我过去不常听音乐，但现在我喜欢听。I didntuse to listen to music，
7、but now I enjoy it.usedtobedidntuse一一二二8.你爸爸以前害怕坐飞机吗？Did your father use to be scared of taking planes？9.2023咸阳二模在每顿饭之前，我们都应该先洗手。Before every meal，we shouldwash our hands first.10.这本书一定是汤姆的。他的名字在封面上。This book mustbe Toms.His name is on the cover.Diduseshouldwashmustbe一一二二 一、一、完成句子：根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。完成句子
8、：根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。1.客人必须在中午前退房，否则他们将支付一整天的费用。Guests must check out before noon，or they will payfor the whole day.pay一一二二for2.参加许多课外活动对我们是有帮助的。It is helpful for us to takepartin many after-school activities.3.我们应该在离开起居室时关掉电视。We should turnoff the TV when we leave the living room.takepartinturnoff一一二二4.我
9、们负担得起花30元参观钟楼。It costs 30 yuan to visit the Bell Tower，which we can afford.5.2023西安二模一旦我们有了目标，就要采取行动使之成为现实。Once we have a goal，we should takeaction to make it come true.affordtakeaction一一二二二、二、2023随州中考改编短文填空。短文填空。harmsouthtradekillbegroupifslowstrongtheySavetheSharks！Many have heard of shark fin sou
10、p.This famous and expensive dish is especially popular in 6.southern China.But do you realize that youre 7.killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup？southernkilling一一二二When people catch sharks，they cut off 8.their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.This is not onl
11、y cruel，but also 9.harmfulto the environment.Without a fin，a shark can no longer swim and 10.slowly dies.Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem.11.If their numbers drop too low，it will bring danger to all ocean life.Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because th
12、ey are the 12.strongest in their food chain.theirharmfulslowlyIfstrongest一一二二But in fact，around 70 million sharks are caught and 13.traded in this industry every year.The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.traded一一二二Environmental protection 14.groupsaround the world，such as WildAid and the WWF，are teaching the public about“finning”.They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins.So far，no scientific studies have shown that shark fins 15.are good for health，so why eat them？Help save the sharks！groupsare一一二二
