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1、航空英语证书考试(PEC)-民航与飞行术语AAAIB: Air Accident Investigation Branch of the Department of Transportation of the United Kingdom. Its role is to investigate air accidents. The letters AAIB also refer to equivalent organizations in Iceland, Singapore and Switzerland, among others. In the United States, the NT
2、SB plays that role.AB: Air Base. More often used when describing a military airport.ACARS: Aircraft Communication Adressing and Reporting SystemADELT: Automatically Deployable Emergency Locator Transmitter. See ELT.ADF: Automatic Direction Finder. Radio compass giving a relative bearing to a NDB.ADI
3、: Attitude Deviation Indicator. Enhanced artificial horizon with pitch and roll information. It is part of a flight director system.ADT: Approved Departure TimeAFB: Air Force BaseAFCS: Automatic Flight Control System. It is an advanced autopilot.AFDS: Autopilot and Flight Director SystemAGL: Above G
4、round LevelAIRMET: Aircrafts Meteorological Information. A type of weather advisory regarding certain weather conditions (turbulence, icing, low visiblity) which could pose a threat to only smaller types of aircraft. SIGMET is a more inclusive type of advisory.Alternate: Airport indicated on a fligh
5、t plan where it is possible to divert the aircraft from its scheduled destination (in case of bad weather or any other major situation).Altimeter setting: barometric pressure reading in millibars (for example: 1015), or inches of mercury (for example: 29.80) used to set a pressure altimeters sub-sca
6、le to QFE or QNH.APP: Approach controlAPU: Auxiliary Power Unit. Device (usually a small turbine) that provides power for engine-starting and other systems while on the ground. Such device is present on large aircraft and some business jets, and replaces the GPU.ARTCC: Air Route Traffic Control Cent
7、reASI: Airspeed IndicatorATA: Actual Time of ArrivalATC: Air Traffic ControlATCC: Air Traffic Control CentreATIS: Automatic Terminal Information Service. Automatically recorded message transmitted on a particular frequency, containing current weather conditions, QNH setting, active runways, etc., pr
8、ovided at the major airports.AVGAS: Aviation Gasoline. Usually followed by the octane rating. Used by piston-engined aircraft.AVTUR: Aviation Turbine fuel (kerosene). Used by turboprops and jet aircraft.BBase: Base of operations or a hub for an airline. The base leg is also one of the many words des
9、cribing the approach segments. See Final for a diagram.Bleed air: Hot compressed air taken from turbine engines.Black Box: Popular name given to either the CVR or the FDR used to investigate an accident.BRG: Bearing. Horizontal direction to/from a point, expressed in degrees (for example: 000 or 360
10、 is North, 090 is East).CCAA: Civil Aviation Authority. An organization in charge of defining aviation safety standards. The United Kingdom and New Zealand, among others, have organizations with that exact name and role. In the United States, CAA stood for the Civil Aeronautics Administration, a for
11、e-runner of todays FAA.CAB: Civil Aeronautics Board. Former government agency of the United States responsible, among other things, of investigating air accidents (duties taken over by the NTSB) and controlling which routes the airlines could fly and what fares they could charge (prior to the Airlin
12、e Deregulation Act).Callsign: Phrase used in radio transmissions to identify an aircraft, before proceeding to actual instructions. A callsign for a commercial aircraft may be “Swissair 111 or “TWA 800. As for a private plane, it could be something like “Cessna 13 Whisky”, “Baron 232 Zulu” or “Novem
13、ber 17 Victor”. Military callsigns, including transport of heads of state or government officials are more diverse and depend on squadron, type of mission, etc.Capt: CaptainCAS: Calibrated Airspeed. IAS corrected for air density and compressibility.CDI: Course Deviation Indicator. The vertical needl
14、e of a VOR indicator which shows the aircrafts position relative to the selected radial.Ceiling: Height above ground or water level of the base of the lowest layer of cloud, below 20,000 feet, covering more than half of the sky. Service ceiling also means an aircrafts density altitude at which its m
15、aximum rate of climb is lower or equal to 100 feet per minute. The absolute celing is the highest altitude at which the aircraft can maintain level flight.CFB: Canadian Forces Base.Clearance: Authorization given by ATC to proceed as requested or instructed (for example: “Cleared for take-off”, “Clea
16、red for visual approach”, “Cleared to land”)Coast track: Status of an aircraft that is no longer giving a radar return. The air traffic control screen will display this status (usually with the acronym “CST”) and will temporarily continue displaying the aircrafts movement at the last heading and speed, as if it was “coasting”.COMAT: Company Material. Non-revenue cargo, such as aircraft spare parts.
