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1、 .wd.主谓一致的讲解主谓一致是指：1 语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。2 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。一、并列构造作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search
2、of gold.小流浪汉和淘气的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师
3、兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.总理兼外长比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe.注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠
4、词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are playing tennis.3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients.Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加Every boy and (every) girl admires him for
5、 his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.关于保护环境
6、的法律法规已经起草完成。The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的构造A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)or 或neithernor 等连接
7、的主语时由 eitheror, neithernor, or, not onlybut(also)连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则 Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly
8、to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.3.主语由肯定否认两局部构成谓语跟肯定局部走 Not you but I am to answer the question I, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1学科名词: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics政治学 新闻; news 体操：Gymn
9、asticsAs we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门根基学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.注意：当mathematics 表示运算时 谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我
10、的运算正确，答案就是56The television news is at 7 oclock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sisters favourite sport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法 aircraft 飞机works 工厂 crossroads十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼 This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是 By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cit
11、y This means of transport has been tried All possible means have been tried3由两局部组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子 compasses 圆规glasses眼镜 gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子scissors剪子 shoes鞋子shorts短裤 socks短袜trousers裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意;如果这
12、些词由单位词 a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数The united States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5)以-s 结尾的群岛、
13、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产 clothes衣服 plasticsearnings收入 goods货物leavings剩余 savings储存All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时1mankind, humanity, man 作主语时，谓语一般用单数Only man kno
14、ws how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪2people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时，只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如： There are 56 peoples in China3family, crowd 等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语
15、动词这类集体名词有：Army， assembly议会集会 audience band class club committee company congress议会youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang团伙 government group herd牧群 jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have different opinions about their going abroad The football club committee arranges al
