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1、 没有爱，就没有教育 ！ ！萧然书院教学讲义教师李威学生姓名高三小班上课时间2012.7.28检查签名教学内容音标复习基本句型复习知识要点解析Step 1 英语基本句子成分（部分）一.主语 定义：主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体 。（通常在句子开头） Michael is my favorite star.二.谓语 定义：谓语是用来表明动作和指向的，一般都在主语后面。(通常由动词充当） I ate chicken cooked with mushroom yesterday.及物动词vt 定义：后面可以直接跟宾语。 I love you./Tom wants a bike./Do you kn
2、ow the best way to Mekong River?不及物动词vi 定义：后面不可以直接跟宾语，必须和介词连用才能接宾语。 The students work very hard. They live in a small room. We arrived at Beijing last night.三.宾语 定义：动作的承受者。 A dog bit my leg yesterday.四.定语 定义：在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。 He is a
3、new student.他是个新生。 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的。五状语 功能：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。1. ）副词一般在句子中做状语He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好.中的very是程度副词，用来修饰well。very well是修饰speak的程度状语。He is pl
4、aying under the tree.他在树下玩儿.中的under the tree是地点状语.2. ）不定式在句子中可以作目的状语。I come specially to see you.我专门来看你.3. 介词短语 Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.The boy was praised for his bravery.4. ）从句作状语When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play footba
5、ll with you.5. ）分词作状语Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper。Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.6. ）词组作状语She jumped ten feet. 她跳了十英尺远。六 补语，就是补充说明的语言，英语中一般有主语补语和宾语补足语，主语补语很少提及，宾语补足语倒是句子的常见组成部分，1. 名词作宾补 please dont call me fa
6、y，me这里是宾语，fay就是一个补足语，补充说明，fay这个名字2. 动词作宾补they made the girl cry,girl是宾语，cry是来说明这个女孩儿的状态的，这里是动词原型是宾补，3.to do ,V-ing作宾补lets get everything in time 这里in time 就是介词短语冲当宾补 七 系动词 a) 感官动词 look/smell/taste/sound/touch/b)BE动词 am/is/are/was/wereC)表“变得. turn/go/grow/become /get/ come. The meat I bought yesterda
7、y goes bad.八.表语 定义：表示主语的身份，状态，特征等的部分叫表语 。（跟在系动词后面）I am a true man./Your skin touches smooth./Mary becomes more and more beautiful.Step 2 英语五大基本句型 主 + 谓（不及物动词） S+V I am singing. 主 + 谓（及物动词）宾 S+V +O I love you. 主 + 谓（及物动词）宾 + 宾补 S+V +O +OC We made him our monitor. 主 + 谓（及物动词）直接宾 + 间接宾 S+V +DO +IO Mum
8、bought me a book 主 + 谓（联系动词） +表语 S+V +P The flower looks beautiful.(一) . 指出下列句中主语 The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very diffi
9、cult (二) 选出句中谓语 I dont like the picture on the wall. The days get longer and longer when summer comes. Do you usually go to school by bus? Tom didnt do his homework yesterday. He is interested in music. (三) 挑出下列句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. You mu
10、st pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.(四) 挑出下列句中的表语 The old man was feeling very tired. The leaves have turned yellow.3.Soon They all became interested in the subject. 4.She was the first to learn abo
11、ut it. (五) 挑出下列句中的定语 They use Mr,Mrs with the family name. What is your given name? On the third lap are Cla1 and Cla3. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.(六) 挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
12、He began to learn English when he was eleven. With the medicine box under her arm, MiLi hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. 翻译下列句子主谓结构 （ 主语 不及物动词 ）1你应当努力学习。 2她昨天
13、回家很晚。 3在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。主谓宾结构 （主语 及物动词 宾语 ）1昨晚我写了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你谈谈。 3这本书他读过多次了。主系表结构 （主语 系动词表语 ）1我的兄弟都是大学生。 2冬季白天短，夜晚长。 3布朗夫人看起来很健康。双宾语结构 （主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语 ）1 Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 3. Mary把钱包交给校长了。音标练习，根据音标读出并写出单词：ei bi: bs bai bi bju:tiful keik km dei kl desk dz dk kli:n klaim kzn din i:t eit i:meil fi:l fifti fain faiv flai eim eit et p eni fi:d 选出下列没有相同发音的词。 ( ) 1. mout
