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1、外语下载中心http:/ 2010年硕士研究生入学考试考研英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 American National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiment
2、s at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting_1_workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended _2_giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very_3_to being experimented upon
3、 changed subjects behavior.The idea arose because of the _4_behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to _5_of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not _6_what was done in the experiment; _7_someting was changed ,pro
4、ductivity rose. A(n)_8_that they were being experimented upon seemed to be _9_to alter workers behavior _10_itself.After several decades, the same data were _11_ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 _the descriptions on record, no systematic _13_ was foun
5、d that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to_ 14_ interpretation of what happed._ 15_ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output _16_ rose compared with the
6、previous Saturday and_ 17 _to rise for the next couple of days._ 18_ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers_ 19_ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before _20 _a plateau and then slackenin
7、g off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down.1. A affected B achieved C extracted D restored2. A at Bup C with D off3. Atruth Bsight C act D proof4. A controversial B perplexing Cmischievous D ambiguous5. Arequirements Bexplanations C accounts D assessments6. A concl
8、ude B matter C indicate D work7. A as far asB for fear that C in case that D so long as8. A awareness B expectation C sentiment D illusion9. A suitable B excessive C enough D abundant10. A about B for C on D by11. A compared Bshown C subjected D conveyed12. A contrary to B consistent with C parallel
9、 with D pealliar to13. A evidence Bguidance Cimplication Dsource14. A disputable Benlightening Creliable Dmisleading15. A In contrast B For example C In consequence D As usual16. A duly Baccidentally C unpredictably D suddenly17. Afailed Bceased Cstarted Dcontinued20. Abreaking Bclimbing Csurpassing
10、 Dhiting Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarte
11、r-century, perhaps the m ost far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to thepoint of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city
12、newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant c ollections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of new spaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circ
13、ulation dailies.We are even farther rem oved from the unfocused newspaper review spublished in England between the turn of t he 2 0th century and the eve of World War , at atime when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts crit icism was consi dered an ornament to the publications in which it appe
14、 ared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted tha t the cri tics ofmajor papers woul dwri te in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bern ard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be
15、trus ted to know what they were a bout. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism, ”Newmanwrote, “ that Iam tempted to definejournalism as a term of cont empt appl ied by writers who arenot read to writers who are. ”Unfortunately, these cr
