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1、Unit 3On the move.阅读理解 AWhenthedesignerandtypographer(排印工)MarcinWicharychanceduponatinymuseumjustoutsideBarcelonafiveyearsago,theexperiencetippedhisinterestinthehistoryoftechnologyintoanobsession(痴迷)withaveryparticularpartofit:thekeyboard.“Ihaveneverseensomanytypewritersunderoneroof.Notevenclose,”he
2、sharedontheInternetatthetime.“Atthispoint,Iliterallyhavetearsinmyeyes.Imnotkidding.Thisfeelslikeamiracle.”Hedhadadiscoverywhilewanderingthroughtheexhibit:Eachkeyonakeyboardhasitsownstories.Andthesestoriesarenotjustaboutcomputingtechnology,butalsoaboutthepeoplewhodesigned,used,orotherwiseinteractedwi
3、ththekeyboards.Takethebackspacekeyforexample,heexplains,“Ilikethattheconceptofbackspacewasoriginallyjustthataspacegoingbackward.Weareusedtoiterasingnow,butforahundredyears,erasingwasitsownincrediblycomplexeffort.YouneededtomasteraCometeraser,orWite-Out,orstrangecorrectiontapes,andpossiblyalloftheabo
4、ve.orgiveupandstartfromscratchwheneveryoumadeasmallmistakeintyping.”Thedeeperheresearched,themoreobsessivehebecame.Amazedthatnocomprehensivebooksexistedonthehistoryofkeyboards,hedecidedtocreatehisown.WhennotworkingathisdayjobasthedesignleaderforthedesignsoftwarecompanyFigma,hebeganproducingShiftHapp
5、ens,atwo-volume,1,216-pagehardcoverbookandraisedover$750,000fortheprojectonKickstarterinMarchof2023.Wicharywasonlyabitsurprisedbythesupportandthekeyboardswideappeal.Ashepointsout,“Itssuchacrucialdevicethatoccupiesalotofourwakinglife.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了去一家小博物馆的经历让设计师兼排版师MarcinWichary对键盘产生了兴趣,之后他开始制
6、作一本关于键盘历史的全面书籍。1.Afterthemuseumexperience,Wicharysinterestintechnology.A.tookoffB.diedoutC.grewstrongerD.becamemoreconcrete答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段可知,参观博物馆后,Wichary对技术史的兴趣变成了对技术史中一个非常特殊的部分(键盘)的痴迷,可知他对技术的兴趣变得更加强烈。2.WhatdidWicharydiscoverwhileadmiringthekeyboards?A.Thestoriesbehindthem.B.Thewisdomofhumans.C.Th
7、esecretofthekeyboards.D.Thehistoryoftechnology.答案A解析细节理解题。由第三段中“Hedhadadiscoverywhilewanderingthroughtheexhibit:Eachkeyonakeyboardhasitsownstories.”可知,Wichary在欣赏键盘时发现了键盘背后的故事。故选A项。3.WhatdoesWicharywanttotellusaboutthebackspacekeyinparagraph4?A.Itisasimplebutpowerfulkey.B.Itcanbeusedtomovebackonespac
8、e.C.Itistheresultoflong-termimprovement.D.Itallowspeopletomakemistakeswhentyping.答案C解析推理判断题。由第四段中“Weareusedtoiterasingnow,butforahundredyears,erasingwasitsownincrediblycomplexeffort.YouneededtomasteraCometeraser,orWite-Out,orstrangecorrectiontapes,andpossiblyalloftheabove.orgiveupandstartfromscratch
9、wheneveryoumadeasmallmistakeintyping.”可知,一百年前擦除本身就是一项极其复杂的工作,而现在人们习惯了退格键的擦除(暗指擦除变得简单了),Wichary想通过这种变化告诉我们退格键是长期改进的结果。故选C项。4.WhydidWicharywritehisownbook?A.Tofillagap.B.Togetfamous.C.Tomakemoney.D.Torecordhistory.答案A解析推理判断题。由最后一段中“Amazedthatnocomprehensivebooksexistedonthehistoryofkeyboards,hedecided
10、tocreatehisown.”可知,Wichary自己写书是为了填补没有一本关于键盘历史的全面书籍的空白。故选A项。BManystudieshaveshownthatwhenpeoplereadon-screen,theydontunderstandwhattheyvereadaswellaswhentheyreadinprint.Forexample,researchersinSpainandIsraeltookacloselookat54studiescomparingdigitalandprintreading.Their2018studyinvolvedmorethan171,000
11、readers.Comprehension,theyfound,wasbetteroverallwhenpeoplereadprintratherthandigitaltexts.MaryanneWolf,whoworksattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesexplainedthatreadingisnotnatural.Welearntotalkbylisteningtothosearoundus.Itsprettyautomatic.Butlearningtoreadtakesrealworkbecausethebrainhasnospecialne
12、tworkofcellsjustforreading.Tounderstandtext,thebrainborrowsnetworksthatevolved(进化)todootherthings.Forexample,thepartthatevolvedtorecognizefacesiscalledintoactiontorecognizeletters.Thisissimilartohowyoumightadaptatoolforsomenewuse.Forexample,acoathangerisgreatforputtingyourclothesinthecloset(衣柜).Buti
13、fablueberryrollsundertherefrigerator,youmightstraightenoutthecoathangeranduseittoreachundertherefrigeratorandpulloutthefruit.Asaresult,thebrainmightslipintoskim(浏览)modewhenyourereadingonascreen.Itmayswitchtodeep-readingmodewhenyouturntoprint.Yourreadingdoesntjustdependonthedevice,however.Italsodepen
14、dsonwhatyouassumeaboutthetext.Baron,whoisascientiststudyinglanguageandreading,callsthismindset.Shesaysonewaymindsetworksisinanticipatinghoweasyorhardweexpectthereadingtobe.Ifwethinkitwillbeeasy,wemightnotputinmucheffort.Muchofwhatwereadon-screentendstobetextmessagesandsocialmediaposts.Theyreusuallye
15、asytounderstand.So,whenpeoplereadon-screen,theyreadfaster.Whenreadingfast,wemaynotabsorballtheideasaswell.Soifyoureallyneedtolearnsomething,youreprobablybetteroffwithprint.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了屏幕阅读的效果不如纸质阅读。5.WhatisMaryanneWolfspointofview?A.Readingisunnaturalforthebrain.B.Digitaltextsareeasiertoun
16、derstand.C.Oldtoolsshouldbeadaptedfornewuse.D.Therearetwodifferentmodesofreading.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“MaryanneWolf,whoworksattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesexplainedthatreadingisnotnatural.”可知,玛丽安沃尔夫的观点是阅读对大脑来说是不自然的。6.HowwasMaryanneWolfspointofviewexplained?A.Byreferringtotheresultsofpreviousstudies.B.Bysortingdatacollectedthroughexperiments.C.Byanalyzingexamplesofpeoplesreadingexperiences.D.Bycomparingreadingtodoingthingswithborrowedtools.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Tounderstandtext,thebrainborrows
