The man is a teacher.主语 ■系表语(名词)n主语 系 表语2他（是）很忙主语 系 表语He is busy.主语系表语（形容词）adj3她（是）在教室里主语-系 表语~Be---is amBe wasShe is in the classroom.主语系表语（介词短语）prepare were时态及特殊疑问句的构成其实英语只有三种基本句型，时态也离不开这三种句型▲ 主+系动词+表词序1主语2系动词3表语即句子的 主体用于连接主语 和表语表示主语身份、状态以及 所处的位置词性*名词 代词Be(is, am, are)*名词形容词介词+*名词（介词短语）注：*注意该结构中的名词，它们能被定语修饰1 这个人 是 一个老师I am rich. Iwas rich. Iwill be rich. I would be rich. ▲ 谓+主+状 该句型通常用于表达某地存在某物（人）词序3状语1谓语2主语3状语地点存在物或人地点词性介词+名词(There be)名词介词+名词 （介词短语）注：该结构中的状语可以置于句首或句尾1房间里 有 一张桌子 某地 there is 某物 There is a table in the room.=In the room, there is a table.There is a fool in the room.There is a fool on the room.There is There are There was There wereThere will be There would be▲ 主+谓+宾+状词序5状语1主语2谓语3宾语4状语5状语句子的 主体主语发出 的动作动作的 接受者修饰谓 语动词表示谓语动作 发生的时间地 点原因等词性介词+ 名词名词 代词动词(do)名词 代词 （宾格）副词介词+ 名词注：在该结构中主谓是不可缺少的部分，宾格有无取决于动词是及物还是不及物动词， 状语根据需要而定。
名词 介词短语 副词 动词 名词1.学生们在大学里努力学习英语The students study English hard in the university. 主语 谓语 宾语状语 状语In the university the students study English hard.BE THERE BE DOThe students study English.The students do not study English.Do the students study English?DoesThe student studies English .The student does not study English.Does the student study English?▲ 一般过去时态的基本用法—般过去时态表示过去的状态及发生的动作Work workedEat ate drink drankDid notThe student studied English .The students did not study English.Did the student study English?• I went to see a doctor yesterday 。
go 昨天我去看病了否定式及疑问句的构成• I didn' tgo to see a doctor yesterday. Did you go to see a doctor yesterday?▲ 一般将来时态的基本用法在英语中，表示将来的动作或状态时，有多种形式这里介绍 四种常用形式1. will, shallshall用于第一人称，will用于其它人称在现代英语中，尤其在美国，在表示将来的时候，所有人称都 使用 will 而 shall 只用于一些习惯用法will• She will arrive in London on Friday.她将在星期五到伦敦否定式及疑问句的构成• She will not arrive in London on Friday. Will she arrive in London on Friday?2. to be (am, are, is ) going to do• I am going to该种形式用来表示将来时，尤其是在口语中用的较多，常常含 有“打算”的含义get upat five o'clock tomorrow morning.我明天早上打算五点起床。
否定式及疑问句的构成• I am not going to get up at five o'clock tomorrowmorning.Areyou going to get up at five o'clock tomorrow morning?▲ 一般过去将来时态的基本用法 过去将来时态实际上是过去时态与将来时态相加构成的时间 概念would• I thought (think)he take the chance.我想他会抓住这个机会相对于 thought 这个过去时态的将来)2. to be (was / were ) going to这种一般过去将来时态和我们上面讲的一般将来的用法是 样的只是立足于过去某一点谈将来的事情• Yesterday, I was going to see my teacher. But I didn' t go.我打算昨天去看我的老师，但我没去2. will, shallshall用于第一人称，will用于其它人称在现代英语中，尤其在美国，在表示将来的时候，所有人称都 使用 will 而 shall 只用于一些习惯用法• We will never forget you forever. 我将永远不会忘记你。
3. to be (am, are, is ) going to do (be)该种形式用来表示将来时，尤其是在口语中用的较多，常常含 有“打算”的含义• Your fathert is going todie 死 .• I'm going to have dinner at home this evening. 今天晚上我打算在家吃晚饭shall, will 和 to be going to 的比较• He is going to see his teacher this afternoon.• He will see his teacher this afternoon. 第一句只是一种打算，第二句在一定程度上已经决 定了• I'm going to climb to the top.• Iwill climb to the top. 第一句表达的是一种意向，第二句肯定程度比较大will 和 to be going to 的区别有时并不十分明显，可 以换用，但在有些情况下却不行• Iwill never forget you.X I'm not going to forget you.第二句不对。
这里表示的不是一种打算而是一种不 可能、决不会的意思▲ 特殊疑问句的构成Heisin the classroom.主语 系 表语Heis not in the classroom.Ishe in the classroom? isWho in the classroom?Yes. No.主语I. 提问主语，句子不变The book is on the desk. What "is on the desk?主语He is in the classroom.主语系 表语Is he in the classroom?where where表语表语is he ?He is 20.Is he 20? How old--HOW皿 is he?2. 提问句子的其他成分，先变一般疑问句，再用疑问 代词或疑问副词代替所不知道的成分，并置于句首He studied English hard inthe university for the test on Sunday.who what what how where why when 他在大学里，为了考试过去在星期日努力学习英语1. Who studied English hard in the university for the test on Sunday?2. What did he do hard in the university for the test on Sunday?3. What did he study hard in the university for the test on Sunday?key4. How did he study English in the university for the test on Sunday?5. Where did he study English hard for the test on Sunday?6. Why did he study English hard in the university on Sunday?7. When did he study English hard in the university for the test?• He studies English hard in the university for the test on Sunday.Wh廿X■丁-r; Wh cwho what what how where why when他在大学里，为了考试在星期日努力学习英语。
时态及特殊疑问句的构成3 ■提问句子的其他成分 ，先变一般疑问句，再用疑问代词或疑问副词代替所不知道的成分，并置于句首He studied English hard inthe university for the test on Sunday.who what what how where why when 他在大学里，为了考试过去在星期日努力学习英语8. Who studied English hard in the university for the test on Sunday?9. What did he do hard in the university for the test on Sunday?10. What did he study hard in the university for the test on Sunday?11. How did he study English in the university for the test on Sunday?12. Where did he study English hard for the test on Sunday?。