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1、Translation and Interpreting TermsAccredited translatorTranslator who has received accreditation from a professional institute such as the ITI or the ATA. Accreditation a requirement for membership is usuallyissued on the basis of examination and experience. German translators may have graduated in
2、translation studies at degree level.hold the titlestaatlich geprbfter Ubersetzer orDiplombbersetzer if theyAd hoc interpretingSpoken translation between two languages in informal conversations betweentwo or more people. Used, for example in business meetings, for phone calls, during site visits and
3、social events. The term is sometimes used loosely to include consecutive interpreting.AtrilPublisher of the Deja Vu translation memory program.Background text HintergrundtextText in the source or target language providing background information about the subject matter of the text to be translated.B
4、ackground information HintergrundinformationenInformation relating to the subject matter of the source text or the topic of discussion. Facilitates the translators or interpreters task by providing context, terminology, definitions, etc.Calibrated page - Standard pageCertified translation beglaubigt
5、e UbersetzungComputer-aided translation (CAT), computer-assisted , machine-aided or -assisted computerunterstbtzte UbersetzungTranslation with the aid of computer programs, such as translation memory tools, designed to reduce the translators workload and increase consistency of style and terminology
6、. Basically a database in which all previously translated sentences are stored together with the corresponding source text. If, during translation, a sentence appears that is similar to or identical with a previously translated sentence, the program suggests the found target sentence as a possible t
7、ranslation. The translator then decides whether to accept, edit or reject the proposed sentence. Not to be confused with machine translation!Conference interpreter KonferenzdolmetscherInterpreter with highly specialised skills who provides simultaneous interpretation of a speakers words in one direc
8、tion only from one language into another.Conference translator KonferenzbbersetzerConsecutive interpreting KonsekutivdolmetschenOral translation of a speakers words into another language when the speaker has finished speaking or pauses for interpreting. More formal than ad hoc interpreting and used,
9、 for example in formal business meetings, for negotiations, training sessions or lectures. (cf. simultaneous interpreting)Controlled language kontrollierte SpracheLanguage with a restricted vocabulary and restricted rules of formulation.Used, for example, in technical documentation to make the text
10、easier to understand for users or for non-native speakers and to facilitate machine translation.Copywriting WerbetextenWriting of advertising or publicity copy. It cannot be stressed too strongly that advertising copy will not translate satisfactorily due to the different cultural contexts and adver
11、tising cultures of other countries and regions. Adverts for foreign countries should therefore always be produced in those countries. There are some advertising agencies who provide this service.Court interpreter GerichtsdolmetscherInterpreter with special subject knowledge, providing interpretation
12、 during legal proceedings. Requirements regarding accreditation and certification for court interpreting vary from country to country.D缈VuTranslation memory program, published by Atril.Desktop publishing (DTP)DTP is sometimes offered by translators and translation companies/agencies as a value-added
13、 service to provide a one-stop solution for customers publishing needs. They will usually have the special equipment required to handle languages that use different typescripts.DIN 2345German standard, specifying requirements for translation contracts, published April 1998. Can be ordered online fro
14、m Beuth (http:/www.beuth.de/).Dominant language - Language of habitual useEditing - RevisingFreelance translator freiberuflicher Ubersetzer, freischaffender Self-employed translator, who may undertake work for translation agencies, localisation companies and/or directly for end clients. Often specia
15、lises in one or more particular fields, such as legal, financial, commercial or technical.Free translation freie UbersetzungTranslation in which more emphasis is given to the overall meaning of the text than to the exact wording (cf. literal translation).GistingProducing a rough or outline translati
16、on of a text to provide an insight into the subject and overall content of the source text. Being less expensive and less time-consuming than a “proper” (or “custom”) translation, gisting can be used, for example, to determine whether a text contains useful information before a custom translation is commissioned. The term gisting is sometimes used in conection with machine translation, whi
