北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记

上传人:ni****g 文档编号:562803844 上传时间:2023-04-08 格式:DOC 页数:90 大小:479.51KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记_第1页
第1页 / 共90页
北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记_第2页
第2页 / 共90页
北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记_第3页
第3页 / 共90页
北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记_第4页
第4页 / 共90页
北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记_第5页
第5页 / 共90页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记(90页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

1、北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记(网上搜的,大家共享) 来源: 傅文洁的日志 第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by名词比较级thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词to+n.译为:增加到。或减少到。Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词The output value has increased 35%.产值增加

2、了352.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词byRetail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少603.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到204.句式特征: 比较级 than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last ye

3、ar.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9。5.句式特征: 比较级 名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减106.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增207.句式特征:+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今

4、年产值仅为去年的608.句式特征:%up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20。第二部分 倍数增加的表示法及译法一、表示法。汉语表示“增加了几倍”时,英语的倍数表示倍数需减一,译成“增加了n-1倍”以表示净增加数。如果译成“增加到n倍”或“为原来的n倍”,则照译不误。1.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词n times“表示成倍地增长,译成”增加到N倍“或”增加n-1倍“注:1倍 once; 2倍twice(或dou

5、ble);3倍thrice(或three times)2.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词 n times,该句式与上述相同3.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词to n times表示增加到N倍,译成”增加了n-1倍“4.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词by a factor of n times5.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词比较级by a factor of n times表示增加以后达到的倍数,译成”比。大(长、宽。)N-1倍“6.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词 n times比较级than。7.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词 n times +adj./adv. +as.8.句式特点:表示增加意义的动

6、词a n times(或n-fold) increase.表示增加到N倍,译成”增加了N1倍“9.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词as + adj./adv.+ again as.译成”比。大(长、宽。倍)例子: Line A is as long again as line B. A线比B线长1倍。This machine turns half as fast again as that one.这台机器转动比那台机器快半倍。10.句式特点:表示增加意义的动词half as + adj./adv.+ again as.译成”比。大(长、宽。半倍)“11. 句式特点:用double表示倍数,译成”

7、等于.的2倍“或”增加了1倍“12.句式特点:用treble表示倍数增加,译成”增加到3倍“或”增加了2倍“13.句式特点:用quadruple表示倍数增加,译成”增加到4倍“或”增加了3倍“二、英语倍数句型及其译法英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样,其中有 一些(如下文中的句型、(12) 等, 见圈码)很容易译错其主要原因在于:英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。现将常用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下:倍数增加(一) A is n times as great(long,much,)as B.()A is n times greater (longer, more,)

8、than B.()A is n times the size (length, amount,)of B.()以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度,数量,)是B的n倍或A比B大(长,多,)n-1倍.Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than,threetimes the length of )that one.这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than(as,of)B常被省去。(二)increase to n times()increase n timesn-fold()incr

9、ease by n times()increase by a factor of n()以上四式均应译为:增加到n倍(或:增加n-1倍)。Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three timesas compared with last year.集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as againstl986化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。Eg. That can incre

10、ase metabolic rates by two or three times.那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.漏电压增加了3借(即增加到原来的4倍)。注:在这类句型中increase常被raise,grow,go/step up,multiply等词所替代。(三)There is a n-fold increase/growth()应译为:增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。这个句型还有其它一些形式:Eg. A record high increase

11、in value of four times was reported.据报道,价值破记录地增长了3倍。(四)double (增加1倍),treble(增加2倍),quadruple(增加3倍)。()Eg. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。(五)此外,英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法,如:A is as much (large,long,)again as B.(= A is twice as much (large,long,

12、)asB.()应译为:A比B多(大,长,)1倍。A is half as much (large, 1ong,)again as B.【= A is one and a half times as much (large, 1ong,)as B.】(11)应译为:A比B多(大,长)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。倍数减少(一)A is n times as small (light,slow,)as B.(12)A is n times smaller (lighter, slower,) than B.(13)以上两句均应译为:A的大小(重量,速度,)是B的1/n或A比B小(轻,慢,)(n-1)/

13、n。Eg. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom.氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16(即比氧原子约轻15/16)。Eg. This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper.这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半(即是普通纸厚度的1/2)。注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than/as B常被省去。(二)decrease n times/n-fold (14)decrease by n times(15)decrease by a factor of n(

14、16)以上三式均译为:减少到1/n或:减少(n-1)/n。decrease常被reduce, shorten, goslow down等词替代。Eg. Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times.新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了1/3(即缩短到2/3)。Eg. When the voltage is stepped up by ten times, the strength of the currentis stepped down by ten times.电压升高9倍,电流强度便降低9/10(即90)。Eg. The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5.该设备误差概率降低了4/5。(三)There is a n-fold decrease/reduction应译为:减至1/n 或:减少(n一1)/n。(17)这个句型还有其它一些形式,Eg. A rapid decrease by a factor of

展开阅读全文
相关资源
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 生活休闲 > 科普知识

电脑版 |金锄头文库版权所有
经营许可证:蜀ICP备13022795号 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号